Phillip Allen Sharp

Phillip Sharp with George W. Bush, at the National Medal of Science awards in 2006.
Born	6 June 1944 Falmouth, Kentucky
Institution	Caltech, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, MIT
Alma mater	Illinois
Notable prizes	Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1993), National Medal of Science (2006)

Phillip Allen Sharp (born June 6, 1944), U.S. geneticist and molecular biologist; co-discovered gene splicing; shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Richard J. Roberts for "the discovery that genes in eukaryotes are not contiguous strings but contain introns, and that the splicing of messenger RNA to delete those introns can occur in different ways, yielding different proteins from the same DNA sequence". George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... National Medal of Science The National Medal of Science, also called the Presidential Medal of Science, is an honor given by the President of the United States to individuals in science and engineering who have made important contributions to the advancement of knowledge in the fields of behavioral and social... June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining // 1508 - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year truce and cede several territories to Venice 1513... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Falmouth is a city located in Pendleton County, Kentucky. ... California Institute of Technology The California Institute of Technology (commonly known as Caltech) is a private, coeducational university located in Pasadena, California, in the United States. ... The Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) is a research and educational institution, consisting of science laboratories located in Cold Spring Harbor, New York on Long Island, USA. The Laboratory has research programs focusing on cancer, neurobiology, plant genetics, genomics and bioinformatics, and has a broad educational mission, including the recently... Mapúa Institute of Technology (MIT, MapúaTech or simply Mapúa) is a private, non-sectarian, Filipino tertiary institute located in Intramuros, Manila. ... The University of Illinois is the set of three public universities in Illinois. ... List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to the present day. ... National Medal of Science The National Medal of Science, also called the Presidential Medal of Science, is an honor given by the President of the United States to individuals in science and engineering who have made important contributions to the advancement of knowledge in the fields of behavioral and social... June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining // 1508 - Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year truce and cede several territories to Venice 1513... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... Look up geneticist in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Molecular biology is the study of biology at a molecular level. ... List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to the present day. ... Richard J. Roberts (b. ... For other meanings of this term, see gene (disambiguation). ... Kingdoms Animalia - Animals Fungi Plantae - Plants Protista A eukaryote (IPA: ) is an organism with a complex cell or cells, in which the genetic material is organized into a membrane-bound nucleus or nuclei. ... Diagram of the location of introns and exons within a gene. ... The life cycle of an mRNA in a eukaryotic cell. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ...

Sharp was born in Falmouth, Kentucky. After his Ph.D. in chemistry at the University of Illinois in 1969, he worked at the California Institute of Technology until 1971, where he studied plasmids and, later, gene expression in human cells at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory under James Dewey Watson. Falmouth is a city located in Pendleton County, Kentucky. ... The University of Illinois is the set of three public universities in Illinois. ... The California Institute of Technology (commonly referred to as Caltech)[1] is a private, coeducational university located in Pasadena, California, in the United States. ... Figure 1: Schematic drawing of a bacterium with plasmids enclosed. ... Gene expression, or simply expression, is the process by which a genes DNA sequence is converted into the structures and functions of a cell. ... The Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) is a research and educational institution, consisting of science laboratories located in Cold Spring Harbor, New York on Long Island, USA. The Laboratory has research programs focusing on cancer, neurobiology, plant genetics, genomics and bioinformatics, and has a broad educational mission, including the recently... James Watson James Dewey Watson (born April 6, 1928) is one of the discoverers of the structure of the DNA molecule. ...

In 1974, he was offered a position at MIT by biologist Salvador Luria. He is currently a professor of biology and an Institute Professor at MIT. Mapúa Institute of Technology (MIT, MapúaTech or simply Mapúa) is a private, non-sectarian, Filipino tertiary institute located in Intramuros, Manila. ... Salvador Edward Luria (August 13, 1912 – February 6, 1991) was an American microbiologist whose pioneering work on phages helped open up molecular biology. ... At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology the title of Institute Professor is given to a small number of members of the faculty with extraordinary records of achievement. ...

Sharp married Ann Holcombe in 1964. They have three daughters.

Selected publications

• Cheng C., Yaffe M.B., Sharp P.A. (1 Jul 2006). "A Positive Feedback Loop Couples Ras Activation and CD44 Alternative Splicing". Genes Dev. 20 (13): 1715-20. PMID 16818603. 

• Petersen C.P., Bordeleau M.E., Pelletier J., Sharp P.A. (17 Feb 2006). "Short RNAs Repress Translation after Initiation in Mammalian Cells". Mol Cell. 21 (4): 533-42. PMID 16483934. 

• Johnston K.L., Johnson D.M., Marks J., Srai S.K., Debnam E.S., Sharp P.A. (Jan 2006). "Non-haem Iron Transport in the Rat Proximal Colon". Eur J Clin Invest. (1): 35-40. PMID 16403008. 

• Cheng C., Sharp P.A. (Jan 2006). "Regulation of CD44 Alternative Splicing by SRm160 and its Potential Role in Tumor Cell Invasion". Mol Cell Biol. 26 (1): 362-70. PMID 16354706. 

• Tantin D., Schild-Poulter C., Wang V., Hache R.J., Sharp P.A. (1 Dec 2005). "The Octamer Binding Transcription Factor Oct-1 is a Stress Sensor". Cancer Res. 65 (23): 10750-8. PMID 16322220. 

• Grishok A., Sharp P.A. (29 Nov 2005). "Negative Regulation of Nuclear Divisions in Caenorhabditis Elegans by Retinoblastoma and RNA Interference-related Genes". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 102 (48): 17360-5. PMID 16287966. 

• Sharp P.A. (7 Oct 2005). "1918 Flu and Responsible Science". Science 310 (5745): 17. PMID 16210500. 

• Miskevich F., Doench J.G., Townsend M.T., Sharp P.A., Constantine-Paton M. (15 Apr 2006). "RNA Interference of Xenopus NMDAR NR1 in vitro and in vivo". J Neurosci Methods 152 (1-2): 65-73. PMID 16182372. 

• Hong J.H., Hwang E.S., McManus M.T., Amsterdam A., Tian Y., Kalmukova R., Mueller E., Benjamin T., Spiegelman B.M., Sharp P.A., Hopkins N., Yaffe M.B. (12 Aug 2005). "TAZ, a Transcriptional Modulator of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation". Science 309 (5737): 1074-8. PMID 16099986. 

• Houbaviy H.B., Dennis L., Jaenisch R., Sharp P.A. (Aug 2005). "Characterization of a Highly Variable Eutherian microRNA Gene". RNA 11 (8): 1245-57. PMID 15987809. 

• Sharp P.A. (Jun 2005). "The Discovery of Split Genes and RNA Splicing". Trends Biochem Sci. 30 (6): 279-81. PMID 15950867. 

• Johnson D.M., Yamaji S., Tennant J., Srai S.K., Sharp P.A. (28 Mar 2005). "Regulation of Divalent Metal Transporter Expression in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells Following Exposure to Non-haem Iron". FEBS Lett. 579 (9): 1923-9. PMID 15792797. 

• Neilson J.R., Sharp P.A. (Apr 2005). "Herpesviruses Throw a Curve Ball: New Insights into microRNA Biogenesis and Evolution". Nat Methods 2 (4): 252-4. PMID 15782215. 

• Grishok A., Sinskey J.L., Sharp P.A. (15 Mar 2005). "Transcriptional Silencing of a Transgene by RNAi in the Soma of C. elegans". Genes Dev. 19 (6): 683-96. PMID 15741313. 

• Sharp P.A. (1 Jan 2005). "Phillip Sharp Discusses RNAi, Nobel Prizes and Entrepreneurial Science". Drug Discov Today 10 (1): 7-10. PMID 15676292. 

• Lee K.B., Sharp P.A. (7 Dec 2004). "Transcription-dependent Polyubiquitination of RNA Polymerase II Requires Lysine 63 of Ubiquitin". Biochemistry 43 (48): 15223-9. PMID 15568815. 

• Mansfield J.H., Harfe B.D., Nissen R., Obenauer J., Srineel J., Chaudhuri A., Farzan-Kashani R., Zuker M., Pasquinelli A.E., Ruvkun G., Sharp P.A., Tabin C.J., McManus M.T. (Oct 2004). "MicroRNA-responsive 'Sensor' Transgenes Uncover Hox-like and Other Developmentally Regulated Patterns of Vertebrate MicroRNA Expression". Nat Genet. 36 (10): 1079-83. PMID 15361871. 

• Fairbrother W.G., Holste D., Burge C.B., Sharp P.A. (Sep 2004). "Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-based Validation of Exonic Splicing Enhancers". PLoS Biol. 2 (9): E268. PMID 15340491. 

• Novina C.D., Sharp P.A. (Jul 8 2004). "The RNAi Revolution". Nature 430 (6996): 161-4. PMID 15241403. 

• Ventura A., Meissner A., Dillon C.P., McManus M., Sharp P.A., Van Parijs L., Jaenisch R., Jacks T. (Jul 13 2004). "Cre-lox-regulated Conditional RNA Interference from Transgenes". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 101 (28): 10380-5. PMID 15240889. 

See also

• MIT Biology Department

The MIT Biology Department is a world-renowned center for research in the life sciences. ...

External links

• Autobiography at the Nobel site
• Sharp's Research at MIT
• The Phil Sharp Lab