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Encyclopedia > Philip the Arab
Philip the Arab
Emperor of the Roman Empire
Coin showing Philip the Arab, struck by him to celebrate Saeculum Novum bears, on the reverse, a temple devoted to
the goddess Roma.
Reign 244 - 249
Full name Marcus Julius Philippus
Born c. 204
Shahba
Died 249
Verona
Predecessor Gordian III
Successor Decius
Wife/wives Otacilia Severa
Issue Marcus Julius Severus Philippus (238-249)
Father Julius Marinus

Marcus Julius Philippus (c. 204 - 249), known in English as Philip the Arab after the origin of his family, was a Roman emperor from 244 to 249. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Motto Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) The Roman Empire at its greatest extent, c. ... Image File history File links Antoninianus_Philip_the_Arab_-_Seculum_Novum. ... A saeculum is a length of time roughly equal to the lifetime of a person, or about 90 years. ... This coin struck under Philip the Arab to celebrate Saeculum Novum bears, on the reverse, a temple devoted to the goddess Roma In Roman mythology, Roma was a deity personifying the Roman state, or an personification in art of the city of Rome (as seen on the column of Antoninus... February 11 - Emperor Gordian III is killed by his Praetorian Prefect Philip the Arab after Phillip replaces Timesitheus and then declares himself co-emperor. ... Events Trajan Decius becomes Roman emperor. ... Events Births Philip the Arab, Roman Emperor (approximate date) Deaths Categories: 204 ... Shahba, also known as Philippopolis, is a city located 87 km south of Damascus in the Hauran in an oasis. ... Events Trajan Decius becomes Roman emperor. ... This page is about the city in Italy; for other uses, see Verona (disambiguation). ... Marcus Antonius Gordianus Pius (January 20, 225 - February 11, 244), known in English as Gordian III, was Roman Emperor from 238 to 244. ... Bust of Traianus Decius. ... Marcus Julius Severus Philippus (238–249) was the son and heir of the Roman emperor Philip the Arab. ... Marcus Iulius Philippus (about 204 - 249), known in English as Philip the Arab after the origin of his family, was a Roman emperor from 244 to 249. ... Events Births Philip the Arab, Roman Emperor (approximate date) Deaths Categories: 204 ... Events Trajan Decius becomes Roman emperor. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Languages Arabic other languages (Arab minorities) Religions Predominantly Islam Some adherents of Druze, Judaism, Samaritan, Christianity Related ethnic groups Jews, Canaanites, other Semitic-speaking groups An Arab (Arabic: ); is a member of a Semitic group of people whose cultural, linguistic, and in certain cases, ancestral origins trace back to the... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... February 11 - Emperor Gordian III is killed by his Praetorian Prefect Philip the Arab after Phillip replaces Timesitheus and then declares himself co-emperor. ... Events Trajan Decius becomes Roman emperor. ...

Contents

Early life

Little is known about Philip's early life and political career. He was born in Shahba, about 55 miles south-southeast of Damascus, in the Roman province of Syria. He was the son of a Julius Marinus, a local Roman citizen, possibly of some importance. The name of his mother is unknown, but sources refer to a brother, Gaius Julius Priscus, a member of the Praetorian guard under Gordian III (238–244). Shahba, also known as Philippopolis, is a city located 87 km south of Damascus in the Hauran in an oasis. ... Damascus ( transliteration: , also commonly known as الشام ash-Shām) is the largest city of Syria and is also the capital. ... Map of the Roman Empire, with the provinces, after 120. ... Marcus Iulius Philippus (about 204 - 249), known in English as Philip the Arab after the origin of his family, was a Roman emperor from 244 to 249. ... Gaius Iulius Priscus (3rd century) was military man and member of the Praetorian guard in the reign of Gordian III. Priscus was born in the Roman province of Syria, possibly in Damascus, son of a Julius Marinus a local Roman citizen, possibly of some importance. ... The Praetorian Guard of Augustus - 1st century. ... Marcus Antonius Gordianus Pius (January 20, 225 - February 11, 244), known in English as Gordian III, was Roman Emperor from 238 to 244. ...

Coin of Marcia Otacilia Severa, wife of Philip. The Greek legend states she received the title of Augusta.

Philip married Marcia Otacilia Severa and had a son named Marcus Julius Severus Philippus in 238. Image File history File links Otacilia_Severa-l4Scythica. ... Image File history File links Otacilia_Severa-l4Scythica. ... Augustus (plural augusti) is Latin for majestic or venerable. The feminin form is Augusta. ... Marcus Julius Severus Philippus (238–249) was the son and heir of the Roman emperor Philip the Arab. ... Events Carpians invade Moesia, Maximinus Thrax campaigns against them. ...


Political career

In 243, during Gordian III's campaign against Shapur I of Persia, the Praetorian prefect Timesitheus died under unclear circumstances. At the suggestion of his brother Priscus, Philip became the new Praetorian prefect, with the intention that the two brothers would control the young Emperor and rule the Roman world as unofficial regents. Following a military defeat, Gordian III died in 244 under circumstances that are still debated. While some claim that Philip conspired in his murder, other accounts (including one coming from the Persian point of view) state that Gordian died in battle. Whatever the case, Philip assumed the purple following Gordian's death. Philip was not willing to repeat the mistakes of previous claimants, and was aware that he had to return to Rome in order to secure his position with the senate. He thus travelled west, after concluding a peace treaty with Shapur I, and left his brother Priscus as extraordinary ruler of the Eastern provinces. In Rome he was confirmed Augustus, and nominated his young son Caesar and heir. Events Gordian III defeats Shapur I of Persia at Resaena Births Deaths Categories: 243 ... A coin of Shapur I. Shapur I, son of Ardashir I (226–241), was King of Persia from 241 to 272. ... Praetorian prefect (Latin Praefectus praetorio) was the constant title of a high office in the Roman state that changed fundamentally in nature. ... Nickname: The Eternal City Motto: SPQR: Senatus PopulusQue Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC  - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area    - City 1285 km²  (580 sq mi)  - Urban... The Roman Senate (Latin: Senatus) was the main governing council of both the Roman Republic, which started in 509 BC, and the Roman Empire. ... Augustus (plural augusti) is Latin for majestic, the increaser, or venerable. The feminine form is Augusta. ... Caesar (plural Caesars), Latin: Cæsar (plural Cæsares), is a title of imperial character. ...


Philip's rule started with yet another Germanic incursion on the provinces of Pannonia and the Goths invaded Moesia (modern-day Serbia and Bulgaria) in the Danube frontier. They were finally defeated in the year 248, but the legions were not satisfied with the result, probably due to a low share of the plunder, if any. Rebellion soon arose and Tiberius Claudius Pacatianus was proclaimed emperor by the troops. The uprising was crushed and Philip nominated Gaius Messius Quintus Decius as governor of the province. Future events would prove this to be a mistake. Pacantius' revolt was not the only threat to his rule: in the East, Marcus Iotapianus led another uprising in response to the oppressive rule of Priscus and the excessive taxation of the Eastern provinces. Two other usurpers, Marcus Silbannacus and Sponsianus, are reported to have started rebellions without much success. Position of the Roman province of Pannonia Pannonia is an ancient country bounded north and east by the Danube, conterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. ... Invasion of the Goths: a late 19th century painting by O. Fritsche, is a highly romanticized portrait of the Goths as cavalrymen. ... Moesia is an ancient province situated in the areas of modern Serbia and Bulgaria. ... Anthem Serbia() on the European continent() Capital (and largest city) Belgrade Official languages Serbian written with the Cyrillic alphabet1 Government Parliamentary republic  -  President Boris Tadić  -  Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment  -  Formation 8th century   -  Independence c. ... The Danube (ancient Danuvius, ancient Greek Istros) is the longest river of the European Union and Europes second-longest[3] (after the Volga). ... Events Cyprian becomes bishop of Carthage. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The obverse of this antoninianus celebrates Pacatianus as unconquered, while the reverse celebrates the 1001st birthday of Rome. ... Bust of Traianus Decius. ... Iotapianus coin. ... Gaius Iulius Priscus (3rd century) was military man and member of the Praetorian guard in the reign of Gordian III. Priscus was born in the Roman province of Syria, possibly in Damascus, son of a Julius Marinus a local Roman citizen, possibly of some importance. ... Mar. ... Sponsianus is believed to have been an usurper in the Roman Empire during the time of Philip the Arab. ...

Cippus commemorating Roman Millennium.
Cippus commemorating Roman Millennium.

In April 248, Philip had the honour of leading the celebrations of the one thousandth birthday of Rome, founded in 753 BC by Romulus. He combined the anniversary with the celebration of Rome's alleged tenth saeculum. According to contemporary accounts, the festivities were magnificent and included spectacular games, ludi saeculares, and theatrical presentations throughout the city. In the coliseum, more than 1,000 gladiators were killed along with hundreds of exotic animals including hippos, leopards, lions, giraffes, and one rhinoceros.[1] The events were also celebrated in literature, with several publications, including Asinius Quadratus's History of a Thousand Years, specially prepared for the anniversary. Image File history File links Antoninianus_Philip_-_Philip. ... Image File history File links Antoninianus_Philip_-_Philip. ... Events Cyprian becomes bishop of Carthage. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 800s BC 790s BC 780s BC 770s BC 760s BC - 750s BC - 740s BC 730s BC 720s BC 710s BC 700s BC Events and Trends 756 BC - Founding of Cyzicus. ... This page describes the ancient heroes that founded the city of Rome. ... A saeculum is a length of time roughly equal to the lifetime of a person, or about 90 years. ... Secular games (Lodi Sæculares, originally Terentini). ... Asinius Quadratus was a Roman historian of the 3rd century AD. His works are now lost to us, surviving only as a few fragments. ...

100 Syrian pound note with Philip the Arab.

Despite the festive atmosphere, discontent in the legions was growing. Decius (249–251) was proclaimed Emperor by the Danubian armies in the spring of 249 and immediately marched to Rome. Philip's army met the usurper near modern Verona that summer. Decius won the battle and Philip was killed, either in the fighting or assassinated by his own soldiers who were eager to please the new ruler. When the news of Decius' success reached Rome, Philip's eleven-year-old son and heir was also murdered. Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... ISO 4217 Code SYP User(s) Syria Subunit 1/100 piastre Symbol S£ [] Coins 1, 2, 5, 10, 25 pounds Banknotes 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 pounds Central bank Central Bank of Syria Website www. ... Bust of Traianus Decius. ... This page is about the city in Italy; for other uses, see Verona (disambiguation). ...


Religious beliefs

Later tradition, including the historian Eusebius in his Ecclesiastical History, stated that Philip was the first Christian Roman emperor. This is doubtful because non-Christian writers do not mention the fact, and throughout his reign Philip continued to follow the state religion. Eusebius' claim is probably due to the tolerance Philip showed towards Christians. Eusebius of Caesarea Eusebius of Caesarea (c. ... Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... The term Roman religion may refer to: Ancient Roman religion Imperial cult (Ancient Rome), Sol Invictus Mithraism Roman Christianity Category: ...


Notes

  1. ^ Graham, T. (Writer and Director). (2000). The Fall [Television series episode]. In T. Graham (Producer), Rome: Power and Glory. Military Channel.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Philip the Arab
Preceded by
Gordian III
Roman Emperor
244–249
Succeeded by
Decius

  Results from FactBites:
 
Philip the Arab - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (694 words)
Philip was not willing to repeat the mistakes of previous usurpers, and was aware that he had to return to Rome in order to secure his position with the senate.
The uprising was crushed and Philip nominated Gaius Messius Quintus Decius as governor of the province.
In April 248, Philip had the honour of leading the celebrations of the one thousandth birthday of Rome, founded in 753 BC by Romulus.
Arab - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2094 words)
Following the Islamic conquest of the 8th century, however, the language of the nomadic Arabs came to be regarded as preserving the highest purity by the grammarians following Abi Ishaq, and the term kalam al-ʿArab "language of the Arabs" came to denote the uncontaminated language of the Bedouins.
During the 8th and 9th centuries, the Arabs (specifically the Umayyads, and later Abbasids) forged an empire whose borders touched southern France in the west, China in the east, Asia Minor in the north, and the Sudan in the south.
Efforts to reconcile the Biblical and Arab genealogies later led to conflicting attempts to trace Adnan to Ishmael (Ismail), the eldest son of Abraham and Hagar.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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