Cicero consciously modeled his own attack on Antony, in 44 BC, on Demosthenes's speech and called it a "philippic." Cicero thereby established the philippic as a standard form of oratory and rhetoric.
One of the classic places to eat in Los Angeles, Philippe is the home of the "French dipped" sandwich, and seems to be as popular today as it was when owner Philippe Mathieu invented the famous sandwich after he accidentally dropped a sliced French roll into a roasting pan, or so the story goes.
Cole's Pacific Electric Buffet, also in downtown lays its claim to having originated the dish, but no matter who did it first, the sandwich is the same: the cut surfaces of a French roll are dipped into hot meat juices, filled with sliced meat and served.
In other regions, French dipped seems to be synonymous with roast beef, but at Philippe you can order chicken, lamb, ham, pork or beef.
In the July Revolution of 1830, Louis Philippe was made lieutenant general of the realm and, with the support of the marquis de Lafayette, was chosen “king of the French.” His reign, known as the July Monarchy, marked the triumph of the wealthy bourgeoisie and a return to influence of many former Napoleonic officials.
In the early years of his reign, Louis Philippe’s basically conservative outlook was strengthened by a number of workers’ demonstrations and by several attempts on his life, notably that of Giuseppe Fieschi (1835).
Louis Philippe was known as the “citizen king” because of his bourgeois manner and dress, and he and his regime were satirized by Honoré Daumier.
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