| Philippines |
 This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the Philippines Image File history File links Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Philippines. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries ⢠Politics Portal The political system in the Philippines takes place in an organized framework of a...
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| | Government | Political history · Constitution
| | Executive | President (list) Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo Vice President (list) Noli de Castro The political history of the Philippines as a unified archipelago begins with the rule of the Spanish monarchs of the Philippines. ...
The President of the Philippines is the head of state and government of the Republic of the Philippines. ...
This a complete list of Presidents of the Philippines that consists of the 14 heads of state in the history of the Philippines. ...
The young Gloria Macapagal (far right) and her family; when this picture was taken, her father Diosdado was the President of the Philippines. ...
Seal of the Vice President of the Philippines The Vice President of the Philippines is the second highest executive official of the Philippine government. ...
This is a complete list of Vice Presidents of the Philippines. ...
Manuel Noli de Castro, Jr. ...
Executive Departments (The Cabinet) Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Executive Departments of the Philippines (also known as the Cabinet) are the...
In Philippine politics, The Cabinet consists of the heads of the largest part of the executive branch of the national government. ...
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| | Judiciary | | Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Philippine Congress Session Hall The legislative power is vested in Congress, which consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Political clans Other countriesAtlas Politics Portal The Thirteenth Congress of the Philippines is the current meeting of...
The Senate of the Philippines is the upper chamber of the bicameral legislature of the Philippines, the Congress of the Philippines. ...
Type Lower house Houses House of Representatives House Speaker Jose De Venecia, Jr. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice: Reynato Puno Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | 1984 1981 | 1978 | 1969 | 1965 1961 | 1957 | 1953 | 1949 1946 | 1941 | 1935 Foreign relations Human rights Other countries ⢠Politics Portal The President of the Senate of the Philippines is the presiding...
Manuel Manny Bamba Villar, Jr. ...
Jose de Venecia is the current Speaker of the House of Representatives The Speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives is the presiding officer of the lower house of Congress, the House of Representatives. ...
Jose de Venecia Jose C. de Venecia, Jr. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Supreme Court of the Philippines (Filipino: Kataas-taasang Hukuman ng Pilipinas) is the...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Chief Justice of the Philippines presides over the Supreme Court of the...
Reynato Puno Reynato S. Puno (born May 17, 1940) is the current Chief Justice of the Philippines, presiding the Supreme Court of the Philippines. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice: Reynato Puno Court of Appeals Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | 1984 1981 | 1978 | 1969 | 1965 1961 | 1957 | 1953 | 1949 1946 | 1941 | 1935 Foreign relations Human rights Other countries ⢠Politics Portal The Philippine Court...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice: Reynato Puno Court of Appeals Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | 1984 1981 | 1978 | 1969 | 1965 1961 | 1957 | 1953 | 1949 1946 | 1941 | 1935 Foreign relations Human rights Other countries ⢠Politics Portal The Sandiganbayan is...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice: Reynato Puno Court of Appeals Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | 1984 1981 | 1978 | 1969 | 1965 1961 | 1957 | 1953 | 1949 1946 | 1941 | 1935 Foreign relations Human rights Other countries ⢠Politics Portal The Philippine Court...
The Philippine Ombudsman is an ombudsman responsible for investigating and prosecuting government officials in the Philippines who are allegedly guilty of crimes. ...
| | Elections | | Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Philippines elects on national level a head of state: the President, and...
The Commission on Elections of the Philippines, or more commonly known as COMELEC is an independent government body responsible for running elections in the countrys democratic government. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Political clans Other countriesAtlas Politics Portal Legislative and local elections were held in the Philippines on May...
Presidential elections, legislative elections and local elections were held in the Philippines on May 10, 2004. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Political clans Other countries Politics Portal Legislative elections and local elections were held in the Philippines on...
Presidential elections, legislative elections and local elections were held in the Philippines on May 11, 1998. ...
Legislative elections and local elections were held in the Philippines on May 8, 1995. ...
Presidential elections, legislative elections and local elections were held in the Philippines on May 11, 1992. ...
Presidential and vice-presidential snap elections were held on February 7, 1986 in the Philippines. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Philippines elects on national level a head of state: the President, and...
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| Foreign relations Human rights Political clans Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats, also more popularly known as simply Lakas or...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino (KAMPI, formerly the Kabalikat ng Mamamayang Pilipino) is...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Political clans Other countriesAtlas Politics Portal The Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (Struggle of Democratic Filipinos) is a...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Political clans Other countriesAtlas Politics Portal The Nationalist Peoples Coalition or NPC is a political party...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (New Society Movement) is a political party in the...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Political clans Other countries Politics Portal Political parties in the Philippines are of diverse ideologies and are...
The Liberal Party (Filipino: Partido Liberal) is a liberal party in the Philippines, founded in 1945 by a breakaway from the Nacionalista Party. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries ⢠Politics Portal The Partido ng Masang Pilipino (Party of the Filipino Masses) is a populist political...
The Nacionalista Party logo with party motto, Ang Bayan Higit sa Lahat (Nation, Above All). ...
This is a list of current and former national capital cities in the Philippines, which includes during the time of the Spanish colonization, the First Philippine Republic, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Second Republic of the Philippines (Japanese-Sponsored Republic), the Third Republic of the Philippines, the Fourth Republic...
Map of the Philippines showing the regions and their provinces (click for larger version). ...
Map of the Philippines showing the regions and provinces (click for larger version). ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal A city (lungsod, sometimes siyudad, in Filipino and Tagalog) is a tier of local...
A municipality (bayan, sometimes munisipalidad, in Filipino) is a local government unit in the Philippines. ...
A barangay (Tagalog: baranggay , pronounced as ba-rang-gai, gai as in guy), also known by its former name, the barrio, is the smallest local government unit in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district or ward. ...
// Foreign policy The fundamental Philippine attachment to democracy and human rights is reflected in its foreign policy and is also a staunch and a close ally of the United States. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice: Reynato Puno Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | 1984 1981 | 1978 | 1969 | 1965 1961 | 1957 | 1953 | 1949 1946 | 1941 | 1935 Foreign relations Human rights Other countries ⢠Politics Portal According to a U.S. Department of State report released in...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Political clans Other countries Politics Portal This is an updated list of traditional political families or trapo...
| Other countries ·Atlas Politics Portal view • talk • edit | This article on elections in the Philippines give information on election and election results in the Philippines. Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ...
An election is a decision making process where people choose people to hold official offices. ...
Legislative elections for new members of re-establised Philippine Congress under the new 1987 Constitution on May 11, 1987. Ramon V. Mitra was made Speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives while Jovito Salonga was made President of the Senate of the Philippines. The Senatorial Race resulted with 22 Administration Senators and 2 Opposition Senators. The Congress of the Philippines is the primary legislature of the Philippines. ...
May 11 is the 131st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (132nd in leap years). ...
1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Ramon Mitra Jr. ...
Jose de Venecia is the current Speaker of the House of Representatives The Speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives is the presiding officer of the lower house of Congress, the House of Representatives. ...
Jovito R. Salonga also known as Ka Jovy Born poor in a remote barrio in Pasig, Rizal on June 22, 1920. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice: Reynato Puno Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | 1984 1981 | 1978 | 1969 | 1965 1961 | 1957 | 1953 | 1949 1946 | 1941 | 1935 Foreign relations Human rights Other countries ⢠Politics Portal The President of the Senate of the Philippines is the presiding...
Background Lakas ng Bayan coalition composed of PDP-LABAN, Liberal Party-Salonga Wing, National Union of Christian Democrats, Philippine Democratic Socialist Party, Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino, BANDILA and Pinaghiusa. Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) coalition composed of the Nacionalista Party, Kilusang Bagong Lipunan, Partido Nacionalista ng Pilipinas, Liberal Party-Kalaw Wing, Mindanao Alliance , Muslim Federal Party and other opposition groups. The Nacionalista Party logo with party motto, Ang Bayan Higit sa Lahat (Nation, Above All). ...
Major Senatorial Candidates Administration coalition | Main opposition coalition | Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Edgardo Javier Angara, Jr. ...
Joseph Ejercito Estrada (born José Marcelo Ejército on April 19, 1937) widely known as Erap is a popular film actor in the Philippines and was the 13th President of the Philippines from June 30, 1998 to January 20, 2001. ...
Teofisto Guingona, Jr. ...
Raul Manglapus (1918-1999) - Co-founder of the reformist Progressive Party of the Philippines. ...
Aquilino Q. Pimentel, Jr. ...
Alberto Romulo (born 1933) is a politician in the Philippines. ...
Jovito R. Salonga also known as Ka Jovy Born poor in a remote barrio in Pasig, Rizal on June 22, 1920. ...
The Nacionalista Party logo with party motto, Ang Bayan Higit sa Lahat (Nation, Above All). ...
Juan Ponce Enrile (born February 14, 1924) is a political figure in the Philippines. ...
Vicente Magsaysay (born January 20, 1940) is a Filipino politician currently serving as Governor of the province of Zambales. ...
Blas F. Ople (February 3, 1927 â December 14, 2003) was a Filipino political figure. ...
Zosimo Jesus Jess Paredes Paredes II is a Filipino government official currently running for the Philippine Senate. ...
Tatad. ...
Arturo M. Tolentino Arturo M. Tolentino (September 19, 1910 â August 2, 2004) was a prominent political figure in the Philippines. ...
Other notable candidates | Independent | | Jose "Ramon Revilla" Bautista | Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (New Society Movement) is a political party in the...
Results Tally of votes | Rank | Candidate | Party | Votes | | 1 | Salonga | LABAN | 12,988,360 | | 2 | Aquino | LABAN | 12,426,432 | | 3 | Mercado | LABAN | 11,901,673 | | 4 | Osmeña | GAD | 11,299,102 | | 5 | Angara | LABAN | 11,288,407 | | 6 | Romulo | LABAN | 11,119,193 | | 7 | Ramos-Shahani | LABAN | 11,089,340 | | 8 | Saguisag | LABAN | 10,871,850 | | 9 | Gonzales | LABAN | 10,855,796 | | 10 | Lina | LABAN | 10,679,150 | | 11 | Tañada | LABAN | 10,420,831 | | 12 | Alvarez | LABAN | 10,288,113 | | 13 | Laurel | GAD | 10,278,729 | | 14 | Estrada | LABAN | 10,029,978 | | 15 | Guingona | LABAN | 9,957,591 | | 16 | Manglapus | LABAN | 9,910,244 | | 17 | Paterno | LABAN | 9,647,680 | | 18 | Ziga | LABAN | 9,489,132 | | 19 | Maceda | GAD | 9,381,682 | | 20 | Pimentel | LABAN | 9,042,696 | | 21 | Herrera | LABAN | 8,474,297 | | 22 | Tamano | GAD | 8,102,231 | | 23 | Rasul | LABAN | 7,966,882 | | 24 | Enrile | GAD | 7,964,966 | | | | | | 25 | Sanchez | LABAN | 7,891,932 | | 26 | Defensor | LABAN | 7,865,702 | | 27 | Kalaw | GAD | 6,922,810 | | 28 | Puyat-Reyes | GAD | 6,859,307 | | 29 | Almendras | GAD | 6,317,107 | | 30 | Ople | GAD | 5,736,911 | | 31 | Tolentino | GAD | 5,725,189 | | 32 | Magsaysay | GAD | 5,500,447 | | 33 | Bautista | Independent | 5,203,982 | | 34 | Espina | GAD | 5,107,313 | | 35 | Tatad | GAD | 4,743,678 | | 36 | Adaza | GAD | 6,922,810 | | 37 | Golez | LABAN | 4,657,782 | | 38 | Recto | KBL | 3,277,088 | | 39 | Jalosjos | GAD | 3,131,226 | | 40 | Gamboa | GAD | 2,450,523 | | 41 | Rodriguez | GAD | 2,326,937 | | 42 | Lagumbay | GAD | 2,168,086 | | 43 | Alonto | GAD | 1,998,261 | | 44 | Palmares | GAD | 1,974,023 | | 45 | Teves | GAD | 1,790,962 | | 46 | Paredes | GAD | 1,786,271 | | 47 | Fariñas | GAD | 1,668,147 | | 48 | Veloso | GAD | 1,660,100 | | 49 | Rabat | GAD | 1,655,065 | | 50 | Perez | KBL | 1,559,353 | | 51 | Montemayor | GAD | 1,522,413 | | 52 | Pritanico | KBL | 1,501,159 | | 53 | Yñiguez | KBL | 1,429,910 | | 54 | Abbas | GAD | 1,372,920 | Source: COMELEC. Final and official list. This list is partial as records show more than 100 candidates ran for the 1987 senate race. Jovito R. Salonga also known as Ka Jovy Born poor in a remote barrio in Pasig, Rizal on June 22, 1920. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Former Senator John Henry Sonny Renner Osmeña is known as the âLone Rangerâ and a traditional politician (TRAPO) for his independent mindedness and taking fearless stance despite overwhelming odds. ...
Edgardo Javier Angara, Jr. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Alberto Romulo (born 1933) is a politician in the Philippines. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Joseph Ejercito Estrada (born José Marcelo Ejército on April 19, 1937) widely known as Erap is a popular film actor in the Philippines and was the 13th President of the Philippines from June 30, 1998 to January 20, 2001. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Teofisto Guingona, Jr. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Raul Manglapus (1918-1999) - Co-founder of the reformist Progressive Party of the Philippines. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Aquilino Q. Pimentel, Jr. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Juan Ponce Enrile (born February 14, 1924) is a political figure in the Philippines. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Senator Eva Estrada-Kalaw, born in the Philippines, served as a congresswoman in the Congress of the Philippines for 7 years. ...
Blas F. Ople (February 3, 1927 â December 14, 2003) was a Filipino political figure. ...
Arturo M. Tolentino Arturo M. Tolentino (September 19, 1910 â August 2, 2004) was a prominent political figure in the Philippines. ...
Vicente Magsaysay (born January 20, 1940) is a Filipino politician currently serving as Governor of the province of Zambales. ...
Tatad. ...
Laban is: A character in the Bible. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (New Society Movement) is a political party in the...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (New Society Movement) is a political party in the...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (New Society Movement) is a political party in the...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries Politics Portal The Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (New Society Movement) is a political party in the...
See also The Commission on Elections of the Philippines, or more commonly known as COMELEC is an independent government body responsible for running elections in the countrys democratic government. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Other countries ⢠Politics Portal The political system in the Philippines takes place in an organized framework of a...
Elections in Philippines gives information on election and election results in Philippines. ...
Judiciary Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman Elections Commission on Elections 2007 | 2004 | 2001 | 1998 1995 | 1992 | 1987 | 1986 | All Foreign relations Human rights Political clans Other countriesAtlas Politics Portal The Eighth Congress of the Philippines is the current meeting of...
External links - Official website of the Commission on Elections
- Official website of the House of Representatives
- G.R. No. 83767 October 27, 1988
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