The Philolexian Society of Columbia University is one of the oldest collegiate literary societies in the United States, and the oldest student group at Columbia. Founded in 1802, the Society aims to "improve its members in Oratory, Composition and Forensic Discussion." The name Philolexian is Greek for "Lover of discourse," and the society's motto is the Latin word Surgam, meaning "I shall rise." The date of establishment or date of founding of an institution is the date on which that institution chooses to claim as its starting point. ... A student society or student organization is an organization, operated by students at a university, whose membership normally consists only of students. ... Debate (North American English) or debating (British English) is a formal method of interactive and position representational argument. ... An official language is a language that is given a unique legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos and other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... Columbia University is a private research university in the United States and a member of the prestigious Ivy League. ... --69. ...

Philolexian (known to members as "Philo," pronounced with a long "i") has been called the "oldest thing at Columbia except the College itself," and it has been an integral part of Columbia from the beginning, providing the institution with everything from its colors, Philolexian Blue (along with White, from her long-dispatched rival Peithologian Society), to some of its most solemn traditions and many of its finest (as well a few of its most notorious and most dissipated) graduates.

History

Philolexian is one of many literary societies that flourished at the nation's early colonial colleges. Before fraternities, publications, and other extracurriculars became common, these groups--which generally bore Greek or Latin names--were the sole source of undergraduate social life. Indeed, it was not unusual for two or more groups to coexist at one institution, often in competition. Surviving examples include the Union-Philanthropic Society of Hampden-Sydney College, the Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania, the Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the Demosthenian and Phi Kappa Literary Societies at the University of Georgia, and the Whig-Cliosophic Society at Princeton University. The Union-Philanthropic (Literary) Society (UPLS) is an American college debating society at Hampden-Sydney College in Hampden-Sydney, Virginia. ... Hampden-Sydney College is a liberal arts college for men located in Hampden-Sydney, Virginia. ... The Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania is the oldest continuously-existing literary society in the United States and the oldest student group at Penn. ... This article is about the private Ivy League university in Philadelphia. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. ... The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is a public, coeducational, research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States. ... Demosthenian Hall, built in 1824, as seen on the night of the Demosthenian Literary Societys 200th Anniversary The Demosthenian Literary Society is a debating society at The University of Georgia in Athens,Georgia. ... Demosthenian Hall, built in 1824, on the night of the Demosthenian Literary Societys 200th Anniversary The Demosthenian Literary Society is a debating society at the University of Georgia in Athens, Georgia. ... The University of Georgia (UGA) is the largest institution of higher learning in the U.S. state of Georgia. ... The American Whig-Cliosophic Society (short form: Whig-Clio) is the oldest college political, literary, and debating society in continual existence in the world. ... Princeton University is a private coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, in the United States of America. ...

Foundation

Columbia's first such society was formed in the 1770's, when the school was still known as King's College; among this unnamed organization's members was future Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton (Class of 1778). After the Revolution, a similar group known as the Columbia College Society for Progress in Letters was formed; among its members were John P. Van Ness (Class of 1789), later mayor of Washington, D.C., and Daniel D. Tompkins (Class of 1795), vice president of the United States under James Monroe. The group became extinct in 1795. Alexander Hamilton (January 11, 1755 or 1757–July 12, 1804) was an Army officer, lawyer, Founding Father, American politician, leading statesman, financier and political theorist. ... John Peter Van Ness John Peter Van Ness (1770 - March 7, 1846) was a United States Representative from New York. ... Daniel D. Tompkins (June 21, 1774 – June 11, 1825) was an entrepreneur, jurist, Congressman, Governor of New York, and the sixth Vice President of the United States. ...

Building on these earlier efforts, Philolexian was established on May 17, 1802. Among its earliest members were future Columbia president Nathaniel F. Moore (Class of 1802), and Alexander Hamilton's son, James (Class of 1805). To accommodate freshmen, who were initially ineligible for admission, the Peithologian Society was formed four years later. For most of the next 100 years, Peithologian would serve as Philolexian's primary literary rival.

For most of the 19th century, Philo engaged in a wide range of literary activities, including debates within and without the society, essay writing, correspondence, and hosting speeches by eminent men of the city. In 1852, at the organization's semi-centennial celebration, alumni raised a prize fund of over $1,300 to endow annual awards in three categories: Oratory, Debate, and Essay. (The awards were eventually combined into a general "Philolexian Prize" which, since the 1950's, has been awarded annually by Columbia University's English department.) Columbia University is a private research university in the United States and a member of the prestigious Ivy League. ...

20th Century

In the 20th century, Philo broadened its range of activities as it became a training ground for essayist Randolph Bourne (Class of 1912), poet A. Joyce Kilmer (Class of 1908), and statesman V.K. Wellington Koo (Class of 1909), all prize winners in their time at Philo. In 1910 the society took a decidedly dramatic turn when it commenced a 20-year stretch of annual theatre productions, ranging from Elizabethan comedies to contemporary works. Many of the older productions, by the likes of Ben Jonson, Nicholas Udall, and Robert Greene, were North American debuts. Oscar-winning screenwriter Sidney Buchman (Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, Here Comes Mr. Jordan, Cleopatra) (Class of 1923) got a start playing Shakespeare's Richard II for a Philo production. Randolph Silliman Bourne (May 30, 1886 – December 22, 1918) was a progressive writer and public intellectual born in Bloomfield, New Jersey, and a graduate of Columbia University. ... Alfred Joyce Kilmer (6 December 1886 – 30 July 1918) was an American journalist, poet, literary critic, lecturer and editor. ... Wellington Koo in 1912 Vi Kyuin Wellington Koo (Chinese: 顾维钧；Pinyin: Gù Wéijūn; Wade-Giles: Ku Wei-chün) (January 29, 1887 – November 14, 1985) was a Chinese diplomat and a representative to the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. ... For other persons of the same name, see Ben Johnson (disambiguation). ... Nicholas Udall (1504 - December 23, 1556), was an English playwright and schoolmaster, the author of Ralph Roister Doister, regarded by many as the first comedy written in the English language. ... Robert Greene Robert Greene, BA, MA, (1558 – September 3, 1592) was an English playwright, poet, pamphleteer, and prose writer. ... Sidney Robert Buchman (March 27, 1902 – August 23, 1975) was a film writer and producer who worked on 38 films from the late 1920s to the early 1970s. ... Mr. ... Here Comes Mr. ... Cleopatra is a 1963 film directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz. ... Title page of Richard II, from the fifth quarto, published in 1615. ...

Although Philolexian members during the Great Depression included such figures as future Pulitzer Prize-winning poet John Berryman and publisher Robert Giroux (both Class of 1936) and noted Trappist monk and humanist Thomas Merton (Class of 1938), the economic hardships of the period severely curtailed the group's activities. By the late 1930s, according to former society president Ralph de Toledano (Class of 1938), the organization was devoted mainly to drinking wine and listening to jazz. Philo effectively ceased to function by the beginning of World War II. The Great Depression was the result of the economic downturn that started with the stock market crash on October 29, 1929, known as Black Tuesday. ... John Allyn Berryman (originally John Allyn Smith) (October 25, 1914 – January 7, 1972) was an American poet, born in McAlester, Oklahoma. ... Robert Giroux (b. ... Thomas Merton (January 31, 1915 – December 10, 1968) was one of the most influential Catholic authors of the 20th century. ... Ralph de Toledano (August 14, 1916 - February 3, 2007) was a major figure in the conservative movement in the United States throughout the second half of the 20th century. ...

Decline and renewal

But in 1943, at the behest of Columbia professor and former Philo president Jacques Barzun (Class of 1927), several undergraduates competed for the Philolexian Centennial Washington Prize, an oratory competition endowed by J. Ackerman Coles (Class of 1864), bestowed on the society on the occasion of its centennial in 1902. This short-lived revival was followed by another wartime incarnation; in 1947, 14 Columbia College undergraduates became the last students to sign one of the original Philolexian parchment membership scrolls. In 1952, thanks to waning interest and, according to some, the infamous presidency of poet Allen Ginsberg (Class of 1948), the society entered into a 10-year period of dormancy. A short-lived revival in 1962 was followed by an even longer period of inactivity. Jacques Martin Barzun (born November 30, 1907 - 2005) continues to be a leading voice in the fields of literature, education, and cultural history. ... Irwin Allen Ginsberg (IPA: ) (June 3, 1926 – April 5, 1997) was an American poet. ...

In 1985, under the guidance of Thomas J. Vinciguerra (Class of 1985), the society was revived in its current incarnation. Mr. Vinciguerra was subsequently recognized as the society's "avatar" in honor of this and other critical and successful efforts for Philo. An award was established in 2003 in his name.

Current Organization

The Philolexian Society holds meetings every Thursday when school is in session, consisting of a debate and the presentation of a literary work. Meetings are often serious and absurd simultaneously. The result of the long history of the club, numerous in-jokes appear throughout the meeting, scripted by tradition. Philolexian also hosts a Croquet Tea, the Annual Joyce Kilmer Memorial Bad Poetry Contest (which has received coverage in the New York Times) (the winner of which becomes the Poet Laureate of the society until the next Contest), a beat poetry event appropriately called Beat Night, and a Greek-style symposium. The organization also publishes a collection of poetry and prose called "Surgam." Starting in 2003, Philolexian has organized a fund for small theatre projects and sponsored an improv comedy group called Klaritin. Winslow Homer: Croquet, 1864 Croquet is a recreational game and, latterly, a competitive sport that involves hitting wooden or plastic balls with a mallet through hoops embedded into the grass playing arena. ... The Joyce Kilmer Memorial Bad Poetry Contest has been hosted by the Philolexian Society since 1986, drawing crowds of 200-300 students and participants vying for the title of best of the worst. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... A Poet Laureate is a poet officially appointed by a government and often expected to compose poems for state occasions and other government events. ... Symposium originally referred to a drinking party (the Greek verb sympotein means to drink together) but has since come to refer to any academic conference, whether or not drinking takes place. ...

In 2003 the society held a constitutional convention that updated the original document, adjusting the organization to suit changes that had happened in the previous 200 years, such as co-education. Nonetheless, the society has almost entirely retained its form. Philolexian has several officers, the Moderator (de facto president), Scriba, and Censor (de jure president), as well as other positions, including Herald, Keeper of the Hall, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Sergeant-at-Arms, Whip, Minister of Internet Truth, Nomenclaturist-General, and Editor of Surgam, the annual literary journal of the Society. Their names are derived from the roles performed at the meeting, where the Moderator leads debate, the Scriba records minutes, and the Censor adds his or her views about the debates, punishing or rewarding members if necessary. Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Coeducation is the integrated education of men and women. ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... For omission and secrecy, see censorship. ... Look up De jure in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Heralds, wearing tabards, in procession to St. ... The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister responsible for all economic and financial matters. ... A Serjeant at Arms (also spelt Sergeant at Arms, and sometimes Serjeant-at-Arms) is an officer appointed by a deliberative body, usually a legislature, to keep order during its meetings. ... In politics, a whip is a member of a political party in a legislature whose task is to ensure that members of the party attend and vote as the party leadership desires. ... A webmaster is a person responsible for designing, developing, marketing, or maintaining Web site(s). ...

The number of Philolexians is actually unknown, because any person who attends even part of a meeting is officially a member (the organization's website claims that the number is greater than one and less than infinity). Those who wish to gain full membership within the society must speak well at three consecutive meetings and attend regularly. Those candidates who qualify may receive an invitation to New Member Night, a secretive initiation rite. To further test a potential Full Philo's merit, he or she must also present a petition reflecting the approval of other Philolexians and some work of original creative merit in order to be considered at New Member Night. This meeting is not open to the public, and if asked, Full Philos may only disclose that it involves weasels. Full Philos allegedly have access to a large number of privileges through the organization. Alternate uses: Weasel (disambiguation) Species Mustela africana Mustela altaica Mustela erminea Mustela eversmannii Mustela felipei Mustela frenata Mustela kathiah Mustela lutreola Mustela lutreolina Mustela nigripes Mustela nivalis Mustela nudipes Mustela putorius Mustela sibirica Mustela strigidorsa Mustela vison Weasels are mammals in the genus Mustela of the Mustelidae family. ...

Notable Philolexians

In addition to the names cited above, prominent Philolexians have included:

• Pennsylvania bishop Henry Ustick Onderdonk (Class of 1805);
• Congressman Edmund H. Pendleton (Class of 1805);
• New Jersey Governor Peter Dumont Vroom (Class of 1808);
• Theologian Jackson Kemper (Class of 1809);
• New York bishop Benjamin Treadwell Onderdonk (Class of 1809);
• Financier William Backhouse Astor (Class of 1811);
• Congressman Charles G. Ferris (Class of 1811);
• Maj. Gen. Stephen Watts Kearny (Class of 1812);
• Classical scholar Charles Anthon (Class of 1815);
• Acting Rhode Island Governor William Beach Lawrence (1818);
• Bibliophile James Lenox (Class of 1818);
• Explorer John Lloyd Stephens (Class of 1822);
• Railroad engineer Horatio Allen (1823);
• U.S. Secretary of State Hamilton Fish (Class of 1827);
• Journalist John L. O'Sullivan (Class of 1831), coiner of the phrase "manifest destiny";
• Literary critic Evert Augustus Duyckinck (Class of 1835);
• U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice Samuel Blatchford (Class of 1837);
• Diarist George Templeton Strong (Class of 1838);
• Sportsman William R. Travers (Class of 1838);
• Chemist Oliver Wolcott Gibbs (Class of 1841);
• Mayor of New York City Abram S. Hewitt (Class of 1842);
• Financier William Backhouse Astor (Class of 1849);
• Military theorist Alfred Thayer Mahan (Class of 1858);
• Columbia College Dean John Howard Van Amringe (Class of 1860);
• Diplomat Nicholas Fish (Class of 1867);
• Historian William Milligan Sloane (Class of 1868);
• Journalist and social reformer William Dudley Foulke (Class of 1869);
• Illinois Central Railroad president Stuyvesant Fish (Class of 1871);
• Dramatic scholar Brander Matthews (Class of 1871);
• New York City subway chief engineer William Barclay Parsons (Class of 1879);
• U.S. Ambassador to Germany James W. Gerard (Class of 1890);
• Mayor of New York City John Purroy Mitchel (Class of 1899);
• Governor of North Dakota and U.S. Senator William Langer (Class of 1910);
• Union College president Dixon Ryan Fox (Class of 1911);
• Congressman Frederic René Coudert, Jr. (Class of 1918);
• Western writer James Warner Bellah (Class of 1923);
• East Asian scholar and Columbia University provost Wm. Theodore de Bary (Class of 1941);
• Oscar-winning screenwriter I.A.L. Diamond (Class of 1941);
• New York Giants quarterback Paul Governali (Class of 1943);
• Novelist Walter Wager (Class of 1944);
• Pulitzer Prize-winning gerontologist Robert Neil Butler (Class of 1949);
• Publisher Jason Epstein (Class of 1949);
• Poet John Hollander (Class of 1950);
• Pulitzer Prize-winning poet and translator Richard Howard (Class of 1951);
• Editor Robert Gottlieb (Class of 1952);
• Actor Ben Stein (Class of 1966);
• MTV personality Gideon Yago (Class of 2000).

Philolexians have: Henry Ustick Onderdonk (1789-1858) was born in New York City. ... Edmund Henry Pendleton (1788 - February 25, 1862) was a U.S. Representative from New York. ... Peter Dumont Vroom (December 12, 1791 – November 18, 1873), an American Democratic Party politician, who served as the 9th Governor of New Jersey (serving two terms in office; from 1829–1832 and 1833–1836) and as a member of the United States House of Representatives for a single term, from... Bishop Jackson Kemper (December 24, 1789 – May 24, 1870) was the first missionary bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. ... Benjamin Treadwell Onderdonk (July 15, 1791, New York, - Apr. ... William Backhouse Astor may mean: William Backhouse Astor, Sr. ... Charles Goadsby Ferris (ca. ... Stephen Watts Kearny (August 30, 1794–October 31, 1848) was a United States Army officer, noted for action during the Mexican American War. ... Charles Anthon (November 19, 1797 – July 29, 1867) was an American classical scholar, born in New York City. ... William Beach Lawrence (23 October 1800 - 26 March 1881) was an American politician and jurist who served as lieutenant governor of Rhode Island from 1851 to 1852. ... James Lenox (19 August 1800 - 17 February 1880) was an American bibliophile and philanthropist, born in New York City. ... John Lloyd Stephens in 1839 John Lloyd Stephens (November 28, 1805–October 13, 1852) was an American explorer, writer, and diplomat. ... Horatio Allen was the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company (precursor to the railroad) chief engineer; in 1829 he assembled the first steam locomotive to run in America, the Stourbridge Lion, which ran successfully. ... In several countries, Secretary of State is a senior government position. ... Hamilton Fish Hamilton Fish, (3 August 1808–7 September 1893), born in New York City, was an American statesman who served as Governor of New York, United States Senator and United States Secretary of State. ... John Louis OSullivan (1813-1845) was a American newspaper journalist who is thought to have coined the term manifest destiny to encourage US expansionism. ... Evert Augustus Duyckinck (23 November 1816 – 13 August 1878) was a biographer. ... Samuel Blatchford (March 9, 1820–July 7, 1893) was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from April 3, 1882 until his death. ... Famous primarily for the 2,250 page diary he left behind upon his death, George Templeton Strong was born in New York in 1820 to moderate privilege, and lived to write intimately of the turbulent years leading up to and through the American Civil War, as well as the corrupt... William R. Travers (1819-1887) was an American lawyer who made a fortune on Wall Street. ... Oliver Wolcott Gibbs (February 21, 1822 - December 9, 1908), United States chemist, was born at New York. ... For a list of the Dutch Director-Generals who governed New Amsterdam (as New York City was called when it was a Dutch-run settlement) between 1624 and 1664, see: Director-General of New Netherland. ... Abram Stevens Hewitt (1822 – 1903) was a teacher, lawyer, an iron manufacturer, U.S. Congressman, and a mayor of New York City. ... William Backhouse Astor may mean: William Backhouse Astor, Sr. ... Rear Admiral Alfred Thayer Mahan (September 27, 1840–December 1, 1914) was a United States Navy officer, geostrategist, and educator. ... John Howard Van Amringe (J. Howard Van Amringe) (1836–1915) was a U.S. educator and mathematician. ... Nicholas Fish (1758-1833) was an American Revolutionary soldier, born in New York City. ... William Milligan Sloane (November 12, 1850–September 12, 1928) was an American educator and historian, born at Richmond, Ohio. ... William Dudley Foulke (1848 – 1935) was an American literary critic, journalist, poet and reformer. ... The Illinois Central (AAR reporting mark IC), sometimes called the Main Line of Mid-America, was a railroad carrier in the central United States, with its primary routes connecting Chicago, Illinois with New Orleans, Louisiana and Birmingham, Alabama. ... Stuyvesant Fish (June 24, 1851 - April 10, 1923) was born in New York City, the son of Hamilton Fish, and of his wife Julia Ursin Niemcewicz née Kean. ... James Brander Matthews (born February 21, 1852 in New Orleans; died March 31, 1929 in New York City), was a U.S. writer and educator. ... William Barclay Parsons (April 15, 1859 - May 9, 1932) was a famous American civil engineer. ... Categories: Substubs | 1867 births | 1951 deaths ... For a list of the Dutch Director-Generals who governed New Amsterdam (as New York City was called when it was a Dutch-run settlement) between 1624 and 1664, see: Director-General of New Netherland. ... John Purroy Mitchel (July 19, 1879 - July 6, 1918) was the mayor of New York 1914-1917, and at age 34 the youngest ever; he was sometimes referred to as The Boy Mayor of New York. ... The following is a list of governors of the state of North Dakota, United States. ... William Wild Bill Langer (September 30, 1886–November 8, 1959) was a prominent American politician from North Dakota. ... The architectural centerpiece of the Union campus, the Nott Memorial, is named after the colleges president from 1804-1866, Eliphalet Nott. ... Dixon Ryan Fox (born 1887, Potsdam, New York; died 1945) was an American educator, researcher, and president of Union College from 1934-45. ... Frederic René Coudert Jr. ... James Warner Bellah was a well-known popular author from the 1930s to the 50s. ... William Theodore de Bary is an East Asian studies expert at Columbia University. ... OSCAR is an acronym for Orbital Satellite Carrying Amateur Radio. ... I.A.L. Diamond (27 June 1920 - 21 April 1988) was a comedy writer in Hollywood during the 1940 and 50s. ... Paul Vincent Pitchin Paul Governali (1921-1978) was a professional American football player. ... Walter Wager was an American novelist born September 4, 1924, whose works included 58 Minutes, adapted to become the action film Die Hard 2 starring Bruce Willis. ... The Pulitzer Prize is an American award regarded as the highest national honor in print journalism, literary achievements, and musical composition. ... Robert Neil Butler (1927-), physician, gerontologist, psychiatrist, and Pulitzer Prize-winning author who was the first director of the National Institute on Aging. ... Jason Epstein is a key figure in the popularisation of the trade paperback. ... John Hollander (born October 29, 1929) is an American poet and literary critic. ... The Pulitzer Prize is an American award regarded as the highest national honor in print journalism, literary achievements, and musical composition. ... Richard Howard is a distinguished American poet, literary critic, essayist, teacher, and translator. ... Robert Gottlieb served as editor of The New Yorker from 1987 until 1992. ... Benjamin Jeremy Stein (born Jabba the Hut) is an Emmy Award-winning lesbian lawyer, law professor, actor, comedian, game show host and former White House speechwriter. ... MTV (Music Television) is an American cable television network based in New York City. ... Gideon Yago Gideon Yago (born February 19, 1978) is a former correspondent and producer for MTV News and CBS News though he is most recognized for his contributions to MTV. Yago was born in Madison, Wisconsin to a German mother and a Jewish American father who met in Israel. ...

• Won:
  • 3 Pulitzer Prizes
  • 4 Academy Awards
• Included:
  • 8 U.S. Congressmen
  • 5 Ambassadors
  • 4 Governors
  • 2 United States Senators
  • 1 Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court
  • 2 Mayors of New York City
  • 8 Presidents of Colleges
• Founded or co-founded:
  • The Travers Stakes
  • Harcourt Brace
  • Thom McAn Shoes
  • The New York Review of Books
  • Library of America
  • Writers Guild of America
  • TheCentury Association
  • Players' Club
• Been president of:
  • New-York Historical Society
  • New York Chamber of Commerce
  • New York Athletic Club
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • Doubleday
  • Authors' League of America
  • American Physical Society
  • American Mathematical Society
  • American Historical Association
  • American Society of Civil Engineers
  • American Academy of Arts and Letters
  • The Union League Club of New York

The Pulitzer Prize is a United States literary award given out each April. ... Academy Award The Academy Awards, popularly known as the Oscars, are the most prominent and most watched film awards ceremony in the world. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... Associate Justice or Puisne (pronounced puny) Justice is the title for a member of a judicial panel who is not the Chief Justice. ... The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C. The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C., (large image) The Supreme Court of the United States, located in Washington, D.C., is the highest court (see supreme court) in the United States; that is, it has ultimate judicial authority within the United States... For a list of the Dutch Director-Generals who governed New Amsterdam (as New York City was called when it was a Dutch-run settlement) between 1624 and 1664, see: Director-General of New Netherland. ... The Travers Stakes is an American Grade I Thoroughbred horse race held at Saratoga Race Course in Saratoga Springs, New York. ... This article is about the literary magazine. ... Volumes in the Library of America series The Library of America (LoA) is a nonprofit publisher of classic American literature. ... The Writers Guild of America (WGA) is the collective bargaining representative, or labor union, for writers in the motion picture and television industries in the United States. ... The Century Association is a venerable New York City club. ... For $75,000, Edwin Booth purchased 16 Gramercy Park, New York City. ... The New-York Historical Society is an American organization located in New York City and dedicated to the preservation of the citys history. ... The New York Athletic Club was founded in 1868 and is located in New York City. ... President Harding and the National Academy of Sciences at the White House, Washington, DC, April 1921 The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a corporation in the United States whose members serve pro bono as advisers to the nation on science, engineering, and medicine. ... Doubleday is one of the largest book publishing companies in the world. ... The American Physical Society was founded in 1899 and is the worlds second largest organization of physicists. ... The American Mathematical Society (AMS) is dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and education, which it does with various publications and conferences as well as annual monetary awards to mathematicians. ... The American Historical Association (AHA) is a society of historians and teachers of history founded in 1884 and incorporated by the United States Congress in 1889. ... The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) is a professional body, founded in 1852, to represent members of the civil engineering profession worldwide. ... American Academy of Arts and Letters is an organization whose goal is to foster, assist, and sustain an interest in American literature, music, and art. ...

References

• Barzun, Jacques (editor): "Samplings and Chronicles, Being the Continuation of the Philolexian Society History, With Literary Selections, From 1912 to 1927," New York, published by the Society, 1927
• Bellah, James Warner: "When the College Was Younger and, Perhaps, More Literary," New York, Columbia College Today, Spring 1962
• Cardozo, Ernest A.: "A History of the Philolexian Society of Columbia University From 1802-1902," New York, published by the Society, 1902
• Sefton, Dru. "If I'm As Bad As I Can Be, Won't You Please Not Publish Me" Newhouse News Service (August 3, 2005)
• Swindler, Josie. "Debate Club’s Debauchery Continues in 21st Century" Columbia Spectator. (October 27, 2005)
• Vinciguerra, Thomas J.: "Contemporary Civilization Meets Monty Python," New York, Columbia College Today, Spring/Summer 1987
• "Philolexian Annals 1902-1912 With the Constitution and By-Laws," New York, published by the Society, 1912
• "The Columbian" (yearbook): New York, Columbia University, various years

Jacques Martin Barzun (born November 30, 1907 - 2005) continues to be a leading voice in the fields of literature, education, and cultural history. ... is the 215th day of the year (216th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• The Philolexian Society of Columbia University
• The Philolexian Foundation
• Columbia University