 | Please expand this article.
This template may be found on the article's talk page, where there may be further information. Alternatively, more information might be found at Requests for expansion.
Please remove this message once the article has been expanded. |
Philosophical analysis is a general term for the techniques used by philosophers. These techniques vary across time and place. This article will examine philosophical techniques. Image File history File links Wiki_letter_w. ...
A philosopher is a person who thinks deeply regarding people, society, the world, and/or the universe. ...
The Philosopher (detail), by Rembrandt Philosophy is a study that includes various diverse subfields such as aesthetics, epistemology, ethics, logic, and metaphysics. ...
Arguments - Main article: Logical argument
The term 'argument' in logic is technical. Philosophers do not mean quarrel or fight when they speak of argument. An argument is simply a set of premises and a conclusion in a form such as the following: In logic, an argument is an attempt to demonstrate the truth of an assertion called a conclusion, based on the truth of a set of assertions called premises. ...
The word premise came from Latin praemisus meaning placed in front. See Premise (film) for an article discussing the use of the word in the film industry A premise (sometimes spelled premiss in philosophy) is a statement, usually put forth as part of a logical argument, that will be presumed...
A conclusion can have various specific meanings depending on the context. ...
- Premise 1: If it is raining I will take an umbrella.
- Premise 2: It is raining.
- Conclusion: I will take an umbrella
Valid logical arguments are truth preserving. This is to say that if the premises are true then the conclusion must be true. Certain words in English are truth functional. Some examples of truth functional words/expressions in English include and, or, not,if...then, and if and only if sometimes abbreviated as iff. Except not, all of these expressions are two-place. So, expressions like "p and q", "p or q", "if p then q", have two empty places where speakers or logicians can place meaningful names or descriptions. Two-place truth functions have four possible truth value combinations for the two inputs. All of the given truth functions are unique in the sense that each function gives a different output (combination of truth values). The truth functions are neatly illustrated with a truth table. In psychology a conclusion is said to be valid, if and only if, it is based on true premises. ...
Logic, from Classical Greek λόγος (logos), originally meaning the word, or what is spoken, (but coming to mean thought or reason) is most often said to be the study of criteria for the evaluation of arguments, although the exact definition of logic is a matter of controversy among philosophers. ...
Truth tables are a type of mathematical table used in logic to determine whether an expression is true or whether an argument is valid. ...
Meaning Main articles: Meaning and Philosophy of language The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...
Philosophy of language is the branch of philosophy that studies language. ...
Logic - Main article: Logic
Logic, from Classical Greek λόγος (logos), originally meaning the word, or what is spoken, (but coming to mean thought or reason) is most often said to be the study of criteria for the evaluation of arguments, although the exact definition of logic is a matter of controversy among philosophers. ...
See also Analytic philosophy is the dominant philosophical movement in University philosophy departments in English-speaking countries and in Scandinavia, although one of its founders, Gottlob Frege, was German, and many of its leading proponents, such as Ludwig Wittgenstein, Rudolf Carnap, Kurt Gödel and Karl Popper, were Austrian. ...
External links |
Feeds |
Contact