Pierce Butler
U.S. Senator, South Carolina
In office 1789–1796, 1802-1804
Preceded by	None (first term), John E. Colhoun (second term)
Succeeded by	John Hunter (first term), John Gaillard (second term)
Born	July 11, 1744(1744-07-11) County Carlow, Ireland
Died	February 15, 1822 (aged 77) Philadelphia, PA
Political party	Federalist, Democratic-Republican
Profession	soldier, planter
Religion	Episcopalian

Pierce Butler (July 11, 1744 - February 15, 1822) was a soldier, planter, and statesman, recognized as one of United States' Founding Fathers. He represented South Carolina in the Continental Congress and the U.S. Senate. Miniature of Pierce Butler by unknown artist, unknown date; National Archives and Records Administration. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston(1670-1789) Columbia(1790-present) Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Columbia Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32° 2′ N to 35° 13′ N  - Longitude... Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1796 (MDCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... --69. ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... John Ewing Colhoun (1750 – October 26, 1802) was a United States senator and lawyer from South Carolina. ... Several people are known by the name John Hunter: John Hunter (surgeon), (1728 - 1793), was a surgeon and anatomist. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... is the 192nd day of the year (193rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events The third French and Indian War, known as King Georges War, breaks out at Port Royal, Nova Scotia The First Saudi State founded by Mohammed Ibn Saud Prague occupied by Prussian armies Ongoing events War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) Births January 10 - Thomas Mifflin, fifth President... Statistics Province: Leinster County Town: Carlow Code: CW Area: 896 km² Population (2006) 50,471 Website: www. ... is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1822 (MDCCCXXII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... This article refers to the largest city of Pennsylvania. ... The Federalist Party (or Federal Party) was an American political party in the period 1793 to 1816, with remnants lasting into the 1820s. ... The Democratic-Republican Party, founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison as the Republican party (not related to the present-day Republican Party) in 1792, was the dominant political party in the United States from 1800 until the 1820s, when it split into competing factions, one of which became the... This article is about a military rank. ... A plantation is an intentional planting of a crop, on a larger scale, usually for uses other than cereal production or pasture. ... This article is about the Episcopal Church in the United States. ... is the 192nd day of the year (193rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events The third French and Indian War, known as King Georges War, breaks out at Port Royal, Nova Scotia The First Saudi State founded by Mohammed Ibn Saud Prague occupied by Prussian armies Ongoing events War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) Births January 10 - Thomas Mifflin, fifth President... is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1822 (MDCCCXXII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States, by Howard Chandler Christy. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston(1670-1789) Columbia(1790-present) Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Columbia Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32° 2′ N to 35° 13′ N  - Longitude... The Continental Congress was the first national government of the United States. ... Type Upper House President of the Senate Richard B. Cheney, R since January 20, 2001 President pro tempore Robert C. Byrd, D since January 4, 2007 Members 100 Political groups Democratic Party Republican Party Last elections November 7, 2006 Meeting place Senate Chamber United States Capitol Washington, DC United States...

Introduction

He was born in County Carlow, Ireland and came to America in 1758 as an officer in the British Army. Butler represented South Carolina at the Constitutional Convention, was a man of startling contrasts. As late as 1772 he was a ranking officer in those British units charged with suppressing the growing colonial resistance to Parliament. In fact, a detachment from his unit, the 29th Regiment of Foot, had fired the shots in the "Boston Massacre" of 1770, thereby dramatically intensifying the confrontation between the colonies and England. But by 1779 Butler, now an officer in South Carolina's militia and a man with a price on his head, was organizing American forces to fight the invading Redcoats. Butler lost his considerable estates and fortune during the British occupation of South Carolina, but at the end of the Revolutionary War he was among the first to call for reconciliation with the Loyalists and a renewal of friendly relations with the former enemy. Although an aristocrat to the manor born, Butler became a leading spokesman for the frontiersmen and impoverished western settlers. Finally, this Patriot, always a forceful and eloquent advocate of the rights of the common man during the debate over the Constitution, was a large planter and among the political and social elite of the Southern colonies. In 1793 he held 500 enslaved African-Americans, who worked on his MARIJUANA plantation at Butler Island and cotton plantation at St. Simons Island. Statistics Province: Leinster County Town: Carlow Code: CW Area: 896 km² Population (2006) 50,471 Website: www. ... Year 1758 (MDCCLVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston(1670-1789) Columbia(1790-present) Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Columbia Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32° 2′ N to 35° 13′ N  - Longitude... Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States, by Howard Chandler Christy. ... Year 1772 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... // Early History The 29th Regiment of Foot was raised in 1694 by Colonel Thomas Farrington, an officer of the Coldstream Guards during War of the Grand Alliance known in America as King Williams War. ... Engraving by Paul Revere that sold widely in the colonies The Boston Massacre was an incident involving the deaths of five American civilians at the hands of British troops on March 5, 1770, the legal aftermath of which helped spark the American Revolutionary War. ... For the village in Queensland, see 1770, Queensland. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... 1779 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Red coat or redcoat may refer to the following: A soldier of the British Army. ... The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a war fought primarily between Great Britain and revolutionaries within thirteen of her North American colonies. ... [[ This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...

The unifying force in this fascinating career was Butler's strong and enduring sense of nationalism. An Irish nobleman, he severed his ties with the old world to embrace the concept of a permanent union of the thirteen states. His own military and political experiences then led him to the conviction that a strong central government, as the bedrock of political and economic security, was essential to protect the rights not only of his own social class and adopted state but also of all classes of citizens and all the states. Eugène Delacroixs Liberty Leading the People, symbolising French nationalism during the July Revolution 1830. ... Central government or the national government (or, in federal states, the federal government) is the government at the level of the nation-state. ...

Patriot

Pierce Butler was the third son of Sir Richard Butler, the fifth Baronet of Cloughgrenan and a member of the Irish Parliament. Traditionally British gentry directed younger sons into the military or the church, and Butler's father was no exception. In the honored fashion of the times, he bought his son a commission in the 22nd Regiment of Foot (today's Cheshire Regiment).. Butler demonstrated both military skill and the advantages of powerful and wealthy parents in his subsequent career in the British Army. His regiment came to North America in 1758 to participate in the French and Indian War and served in the campaigns that resulted in the capture of Canada from the French. Butler later transferred to the 29th Foot (today's Worcestershire and Sherwood Foresters Regiment), before returning to Ireland in 1762. For the brush-footed butterfly species, see Euthalia nais. ... This article is about the legislature abolished in 1801. ... The 22nd (Cheshire) Regiment is an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Prince of Wales Division. ... The 22nd (Cheshire) Regiment is an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Prince of Wales Division. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... Year 1758 (MDCCLVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Combatants France First Nations allies: Algonquin Lenape Wyandot Ojibwa Ottawa Shawnee Great Britain American Colonies Iroquois Confederacy Strength 3,900 regulars 7,900 militia 2,200 natives (1759) 50,000 regulars and militia (1759) Casualties 3,000 killed, wounded or captured 10,040 killed, wounded or captured The French and... The Worcestershire and Sherwood Foresters Regiment (29th/45th Foot) is an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Prince of Wales Division. ... 1762 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

The overwhelming success of the forces of the British Empire and its allies ended French territorial claims in North America and brought about profound changes in the nature of the mother country's relationship with its American colonies. To occupy Canada and other new lands won during the war, Parliament for the first time ordered the permanent stationing of large British garrisons in North America. Because the government had incurred heavy war debts, Parliament chose to support these troops by levying new taxes on the colonists. Americans generally disagreed with Parliament over the need for the garrisons, arguing that their local militias could handle the defense of the colonies. They also opposed the new taxes that began with the Stamp Act of 1765. The British Empire in 1897, marked in pink, the traditional colour for Imperial British dominions on maps. ... A stamp act is a law enacted by a government that requires a tax to be paid on the transfer of certain documents. ... Year 1765 (MDCCLXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Butler's regiment was serving on garrison duty in Nova Scotia at the time, but he could not long escape becoming embroiled in the growing controversy. In 1768 the intensity of protests over Parliament's taxes in Massachusetts led London to order the 29th Foot, along with a second infantry regiment the 14th Regiment of Foot, to Boston to maintain the King's peace. In 1771, the year after the "Massacre," Butler, now a major, married Mary Polly Middleton on January 10th. She was the daughter of wealthy South Carolina planter and colonial leader Henry Middleton. Marriage led him to seek new directions, for when the 29th received orders to return to Britain in 1773, he decided to leave the army. He sold his commission and used the proceeds to purchase a plantation in the coastal region of South Carolina, adapting to the lifestyle of a southern landowner with apparent ease. Management skills learned in the military undoubtedly proved useful as he increased his land holdings to over 10,000 acres (40 square km). He also began to accumulate a small fleet of coastal vessels to support his expanding business ventures.Pierce Butler like playing the piano and guitar on his free time, he loved playing soccer too. Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit(Latin) One defends and the other conquers Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English, Canadian Gaelic Government - Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis - Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 11 - Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867... 1768 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... The Prince of Waless Own Regiment of Yorkshire is an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Kings Division. ... “Boston” redirects here. ... 1771 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Engraving by Paul Revere that sold widely in the colonies The Boston Massacre was an incident involving the deaths of five American civilians at the hands of British troops on March 5, 1770, the legal aftermath of which helped spark the American Revolutionary War. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston(1670-1789) Columbia(1790-present) Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Columbia Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32° 2′ N to 35° 13′ N  - Longitude... Henry Middleton (1717 – June 13, 1784) of South Carolina was the second President of the Continental Congress, and thus the leader of what was to become the United States, from October 22, 1774 until Peyton Randolph was able to resume his duties briefly beginning on May 10, 1775. ... 1773 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

When war broke out between Great Britain and the colonies in 1775, Butler joined several other former British officers (including the future generals Horatio Gates, Charles Lee, and Richard Montgomery) in casting his lot with the American cause. In Butler's case the success of his business interests as well as the important role played by the Middleton family in the Patriot movement in South Carolina clearly influenced his decision. Butler's father-in-law had been the president of the First Continental Congress, and a brother-in-law would soon sign the Declaration of Independence. Butler himself lost little time in expressing his patriotic sentiments by standing for local election. He began his public service in 1776 when his neighbors elected him to a seat in the South Carolina legislature, a post that he continued to hold until 1789. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Charles Lee Charles Lee (1732–1782) was a British soldier turned Virginia planter who was a Major General of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War. ... An engraving depicting the death of General Montgomery at the Battle of Quebec. ... The First Continental Congress was a body of representatives appointed by the legislatures of twelve North American colonies of Great Britain in 1774. ... A declaration of independence is an assertion of the independence of an aspiring state or states. ... Year 1776 (MDCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Soldier

Although bad health prevented Butler from assuming an active combat role, he offered his military talents to his state, and in early 1779 Governor John Rutledge turned to the former Redcoat to help reorganize South Carolina's defenses. Butler assumed the post of the state's adjutant general, a position that carried the rank of brigadier general, although he continued to prefer to be addressed as major, his highest combat rank. 1779 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... John Rutledge (September 17, 1739 – July 18, 1800) was Governor of South Carolina, delegate to the Constitutional Convention, signer of the United States Constitution, and served on the U.S. Supreme Court (Chief Justice from August to December 1795). ...

The decision to reorganize South Carolina's defenses followed in the wake of a shift in Britain's war strategy. By 1778 the King and his ministers found themselves faced with a new military situation. Their forces in the northern and middle states had reached a stalemate with Washington's continentals, now more adequately supplied and better trained after Valley Forge. The British also faced the prospect of France entering the war as an active partner of the Americans. In response, they adopted a "southern strategy." Assuming that the many Loyalists in the southern states would rally to the Crown if supported by regular troops, they planned a conquest of the rebellious colonies one at a time, moving north from Georgia. They launched their new strategy with the capture of Savannah in December 1778. 1778 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... “George III” redirects here. ... George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799)[1] led Americas Continental Army to victory over Britain in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), and in 1789 was elected the first President of the United States of America. ... Illustration depicting uniforms and weapons used during the 1779 to 1783 period of the American Revolution by showing four soldiers standing in an informal group General George Washington, was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army on June 15, 1775. ... This article is about the American Revolutionary War winter encampment. ... [[ This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedias quality standards. ...

Butler joined in the effort to mobilize South Carolina's citizen-soldiers to repulse the threatened British invasion and later helped prepare the state units used in the counterattack designed to drive the enemy from Georgia. During the operation, which climaxed with an attempted investiture of Savannah, Butler served as a volunteer aide to General Lachlan McIntosh. The hastily raised and poorly prepared militia troops were no match for the well-trained British defenders, and the effort to relieve Savannah ended in failure. Lachlan McIntosh (March 17, 1725 – February 20, 1806) was an American military and political leader during the American Revolution and the early United States. ...

In 1780 the British captured Charleston, and with it most of South Carolina's civil government and military forces. Butler, as part of a command group deliberately left outside the city, escaped. During the next two years he employed his considerable military talents in developing a counterstrategy to defeat the enemy's southern operations. He and his fellow South Carolinians, along with their neighbors in occupied portions of Georgia and North Carolina, refused to submit to London's demand that they surrender. Instead, they organized a resistance movement. Butler, as adjutant general, worked with former members of the militia and Continental Army veterans such as Francis Marion and Thomas Sumter to integrate their various partisan efforts into a unified campaign, in conjunction with the operations of the Southern Army under the command of Horatio Gates and later Nathanael Greene. Nickname: Motto: Aedes Mores Juraque Curat (She cares for her temples, customs, and rights) Location of Charleston in South Carolina. ... Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest City = Charlotte Largest city {{{LargestCity}}} Area  Ranked 28th  - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²)  - Width 150 miles (240 km)  - Length 560[1] miles (901 km)  - % water 9. ... Francis Marion (February 26, 1732–February 27, 1795) was a lieutenant colonel in the Continental Army and later Brigadier General in the South Carolina Militia during the American Revolutionary War. ... General Thomas Sumter (August 14, 1734 - June 1, 1832) was a hero of the American Revolution and went on to become a longtime member of the Congress of the United States. ... Charles Willson Peale painted a portrait of General Greene from life in 1783, which was then copied several times by C.W. Peale and his son, Rembrandt Peale. ...

These partisan tactics involved considerable expense and personal risk for Butler who, as a former Royal officer, remained a special target for the British occupation forces. Several times he barely avoided capture. Once, surprised by the sudden arrival of enemy dragoons in the middle of the night, he escaped by sneaking from his home dressed only in his nightshirt. On another occasion, a British regiment, repeatedly denounced by Butler for plundering civilian properties — he called it a "band of jailbirds" — placed a bounty on his head. Throughout the closing phases of the southern campaign he personally contributed cash and supplies to help sustain the American forces and also assisted in the administration of prisoner-of-war facilities.

Statesman

Military operations in the latter months of the Revolution left Butler a poor man. Many of his plantations and ships were destroyed, and the international trade on which the majority of his income depended was in shambles. These economic realities forced him to travel to Europe when the war ended in an effort to secure loans and establish new markets. Betraying a singular tolerance for a foe who had caused him much personal harm, Butler took the occasion to enroll his son in a London school and to engage a new minister from among the British clergy for his church in South Carolina. In late 1785 he returned home, where he became an especially outspoken advocate of reconciliation with former Loyalists and equal representation for the residents of the backcountry. Testifying to his growing political influence, the South Carolina legislature asked Butler to represent the state at the Constitutional Convention that met in Philadelphia in 1787. 1785 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States, by Howard Chandler Christy. ... Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Quaker City Motto: Philadelphia maneto (Let brotherly love continue) Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Philadelphia Founded October 27, 1682 Incorporated October 25, 1701 Mayor John F. Street (D) Area    - City 369. ... Year 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

Butler's experiences as a soldier and planter-legislator influenced his forceful support for a strong union of the states at the Convention. As a military leader during the campaigns in the south he had come to appreciate the need for a national approach to defense. As a planter and merchant, especially after his trip to Europe, he came to understand that economic growth and international respect depended upon a strong central government. At the same time, he energetically supported the special interests of his region.

This dual emphasis on national and state concerns puzzled his fellow delegates, just as other apparent inconsistencies would bother associates throughout the rest of his political career. For example, Butler favored ratification of the Constitution, yet absented himself from the South Carolina convention that approved it. Later, he would serve three separate terms in the United States Senate, but this service was marked by several abrupt changes in party allegiance. Beginning as a Federalist, he switched to the Jeffersonian party in 1795, only to become a political independent in 1804. These changes confused the voters of his state, who rejected his subsequent bids for high public offices, although they did elect him three more times to the state legislature as an easterner who spoke on behalf of the west. Type Upper House President of the Senate Richard B. Cheney, R since January 20, 2001 President pro tempore Robert C. Byrd, D since January 4, 2007 Members 100 Political groups Democratic Party Republican Party Last elections November 7, 2006 Meeting place Senate Chamber United States Capitol Washington, DC United States... The Federalist Party (or Federal Party) was an American political party in the period 1793 to 1816, with remnants lasting into the 1820s. ... The Democratic-Republican Party, founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison as the Republican party (not related to the present-day Republican Party) in 1792, was the dominant political party in the United States from 1800 until the 1820s, when it split into competing factions, one of which became the... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Butler retired from politics in 1805 and spent much time in Philadelphia where he had previously established a summer home. He continued his business ventures, becoming one of the wealthiest men in America with huge land holdings in several states. Like other Founding Fathers from his region, Butler also continued to support the institution of slavery. But unlike Washington or Thomas Jefferson, for example, Butler never acknowledged or grasped the fundamental inconsistency in simultaneously defending the rights of the poor and supporting slavery. 1805 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Thomas Jefferson (13 April 1743 N.S.–4 July 1826) was the third President of the United States (1801–09), the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and one of the most influential Founding Fathers for his promotion of the ideals of Republicanism in the United States. ...

The contradictions in this fascinating man led associates to label him an "eccentric" and an "enigma." Within his own lights, however, he followed a steady path along lines which were intended to produce the maximum of liberty and respect for those individuals whom he classed as citizens. His later political maneuverings were animated by his desire to maintain a strong central government, but a government that could never ride roughshod over the rights of the private citizen. He opposed the policies of the Federalists under Alexander Hamilton because he decided that they had sacrificed the interests of westerners and had sought to force their policies on the opposition; he later split with Jefferson and the Democrats for the same reason. Butler never wavered from his central emphasis on the role of the common man. Late in life he summarized his view: "Our System is little better than [a] matter of Experiment.... much must depend on the morals and manners of the people at large." This was certainly an interesting view, coming as it did from a former member of the British hereditary aristocracy. Alexander Hamilton (January 11, 1755 or 1757–July 12, 1804) was an Army officer, lawyer, Founding Father, American politician, leading statesman, financier and political theorist. ... The Democratic-Republican Party, founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison as the Republican party (not related to the present-day Republican Party) in 1792, was the dominant political party in the United States from 1800 until the 1820s, when it split into competing factions, one of which became the...

South Carolina ratified the Constitution on May 23, 1788. ... Ralph Izard Ralph Izard (January 23, 1741 or 1742–May 30, 1804) was a U.S. politician. ... Jacob Read (1752–July 17, 1816) was an American lawyer from Charleston, South Carolina. ... John Hunter (1732–1802) was an American farmer from Newberry, South Carolina. ... John Ewing Colhoun (1750 – October 26, 1802) was a United States senator and lawyer from South Carolina. ... South Carolina ratified the Constitution on May 23, 1788. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... --69. ... is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... General Thomas Sumter (August 14, 1734 - June 1, 1832) was a hero of the American Revolution and went on to become a longtime member of the Congress of the United States. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

External links

• Initial article adapted from public domain U.S. military text. [1]
• Pierce Butler at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

v • d • e United States Senators from South Carolina

Class 2: P. Butler • Hunter • Pinckney • Sumter • Taylor • W. Smith • R. Hayne • Calhoun • Huger • Calhoun • Elmore • Barnwell • Rhett • De Saussure • Evans • A. Hayne • Chesnut • Robertson • M. Butler • Tillman • Benet • Pollock • Dial • Blease • Byrnes • Lumpkin • Peace • Maybank • Daniel • Thurmond • Wofford • Thurmond • Graham Class 3: Izard • Read • Colhoun • P. Butler • Gaillard • Harper • W. Smith • Miller • Preston • McDuffie • A. Butler • Hammond • Sawyer • Patterson • Hampton • Irby • Earle • McLaurin • Latimer • Gary • E. Smith • Hall • Johnston • Russell • Hollings • DeMint

Parkwells 19:15, 16 September 2007 (UTC) The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a biographical dictionary of all members of both houses of the United States Congress, past and present. ... South Carolina ratified the Constitution on May 23, 1788. ... John Hunter (1732–1802) was an American farmer from Newberry, South Carolina. ... Charles Pinckney Charles Pinckney (October 26, 1757–October 29, 1824) was an American politician who was a signer of the United States Constitution, Governor of South Carolina, a Senator and a member of the House of Representatives. ... General Thomas Sumter (August 14, 1734 - June 1, 1832) was a hero of the American Revolution and went on to become a longtime member of the Congress of the United States. ... John Taylor was the Democratic-Republican governor of South Carolina from 1826 to 1828. ... William Smith (September 6, 1762-June 26, 1840) was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the U.S. Senate representing South Carolina in 1816. ... Robert Young Hayne (November 10, 1791–September 24, 1839) was an American political leader. ... John Caldwell Calhoun (March 18, 1782 – March 31, 1850) was a leading United States Southern politician and political philosopher from South Carolina during the first half of the 19th century, best known as a spokesman for slavery, nullification and the rights of electoral minorities, such as slave-holders. ... Daniel Elliott Huger (June 28, 1779 - August 21, 1854) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... John Caldwell Calhoun (March 18, 1782 – March 31, 1850) was a leading United States Southern politician and political philosopher from South Carolina during the first half of the 19th century, best known as a spokesman for slavery, nullification and the rights of electoral minorities, such as slave-holders. ... Franklin Harper Elmore (October 15, 1799 - May 29, 1850) was a United States Representative and Senator. ... Robert W. Barnwell Robert Woodward Barnwell (1801-1882) was an American planter, lawyer, and educator from South Carolina who served as a Senator in both the United States Senate and that of the Confederate States of America. ... Robert Barnwell Rhett of South Carolina was a lawyer, state legislator, state attorney general (1832), U.S. representative (1837-49), and senator (1850-52). ... William Ford De Saussure (February 22, 1792 - March 13, 1870) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... Josiah James Evans (November 27, 1786 - May 6, 1858) was a United States Senator from South Carolina from 1853 to 1858. ... Arthur Perronneau Hayne (March 12, 1788 or 1790 – January 7, 1867) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... James Chesnut, Jr. ... Thomas J. Robertson Thomas James Robertson (August 3, 1823 - October 13, 1897) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... Matthew Calbraith Butler (March 8, 1836 – April 14, 1909) was an American military commander and politician from the state of South Carolina. ... Benjamin Tillman Benjamin Ryan Tillman (August 11, 1847 - July 3, 1918) was an American politician who served as governor of South Carolina from 1890 to 1894 and as a United States Senator from 1895 until his death. ... Christie Benet (1879-1951) was a Democratic politician who briefly represented the state of South Carolina in the U.S. Senate in 1918. ... Senator William P. Pollock William Pegues Pollock (December 9, 1870 - June 2, 1922) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... Nathaniel Barksdale Dial (April 24, 1862 - December 11, 1940) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... Coleman Livingston Blease (October 8, 1868–January 19, 1942) was a politician from the U.S. state of South Carolina known for his populist appeals and racism. ... James Francis Byrnes (May 2, 1879 – April 9, 1972) was an American politician from the state of South Carolina. ... Alva Moore Lumpkin (November 13, 1886 - August 1, 1941) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... Roger Craft Peace (May 19, 1899 - August 20, 1968) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... Burnet Rhett Maybank (March 7, 1899 - September 1, 1954) was a U.S. Senator and governor of South Carolina. ... Charles Ezra Daniel (November 11, 1895 - September 13, 1964) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... James Strom Thurmond (December 5, 1902 – June 26, 2003) was an American politician who served as governor of South Carolina and as a United States Senator representing that state. ... Thomas Albert Wofford (September 27, 1908 - February 25, 1978) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... James Strom Thurmond (December 5, 1902 – June 26, 2003) was an American politician who served as governor of South Carolina and as a United States Senator representing that state. ... Lindsey Olin Graham (born July 9, 1955) is an American politician from South Carolina. ... Ralph Izard Ralph Izard (January 23, 1741 or 1742–May 30, 1804) was a U.S. politician. ... Jacob Read (1752–July 17, 1816) was an American lawyer from Charleston, South Carolina. ... John Ewing Colhoun (1750 – October 26, 1802) was a United States senator and lawyer from South Carolina. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... William Harper (January 17, 1790 in Antigua and Barbuda-October 10, 1847) was a US Senator from South Carolina in the 1800s. ... William Smith (September 6, 1762-June 26, 1840) was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the U.S. Senate representing South Carolina in 1816. ... Stephen Decatur Miller (May 8, 1787 - March 8, 1838) was an American politician. ... William C. Preston William Campbell Preston was a senator from the United States and a member of the Nullifier, and later Whig Parties. ... George McDuffie (1788 - 11 March 1851) was a Governor of South Carolina and a member of the United States Senate. ... Andrew Pickens Butler (November 18, 1796-May 25, 1857, was an American statesman and one of the authors of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. ... James Henry Hammond (November 15, 1807 – November 13, 1864) was a politician from South Carolina. ... Frederick Adolphus Sawyer (December 12, 1822 - July 31, 1891) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... John J. Patterson John James Patterson (August 8, 1830 - September 28, 1912) was a businessman and United States Senator from South Carolina. ... Wade Hampton during the Civil War Wade Hampton III (March 28, 1818 – April 11, 1902) was a Confederate cavalry leader during the American Civil War and afterwards a politician from South Carolina, representing it as governor and U.S. Senator. ... John Laurens Manning Irby (September 10, 1854 - December 9, 1900) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... Joseph Haynsworth Earle (April 30, 1847 - May 20, 1897) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... John Lowndes McLaurin (May 9, 1860 - July 29, 1934) was a United States Representative and Senator from South Carolina; born in Red Bluff, South Carolina, he attended schools at Bennettsville, South Carolina and Englewood, New Jersey as well as Bethel Military Academy (near Warrenton, Virginia) and Swarthmore College (in Pennsylvania. ... Asbury Churchwell Latimer (July 31, 1851 - February 20, 1908) was a United States Representative and Senator from South Carolina. ... Frank Boyd Gary (March 9, 1860 - December 7, 1922) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... Ellison Durant Cotton Ed Smith (August 1, 1864 - November 17, 1944) was a Politician from the U.S. State of South Carolina. ... Wilton Earle Hall (March 11, 1901 - February 25, 1980) was a United States Senator from South Carolina. ... Olin DeWitt Talmadge Johnston (November 18, 1896 - April 18, 1965) was a Politician from the U.S. State of South Carolina. ... Donald Stuart Russell (February 22, 1906-February 22, 1998) was Democratic Senator from South Carolina. ... Ernest Frederick Fritz Hollings (born January 1, 1922) was a Democratic United States Senator from South Carolina from 1966 to January 3, 2005. ... James Warren DeMint (born September 2, 1951) has been a U.S. Senator from South Carolina since 2005. ... Image File history File links Senate_cap. ... is the 192nd day of the year (193rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events The third French and Indian War, known as King Georges War, breaks out at Port Royal, Nova Scotia The First Saudi State founded by Mohammed Ibn Saud Prague occupied by Prussian armies Ongoing events War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) Births January 10 - Thomas Mifflin, fifth President... Statistics Province: Leinster County Town: Carlow Code: CW Area: 896 km² Population (2006) 50,471 Website: www. ... is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1822 (MDCCCXXII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... This article refers to the largest city of Pennsylvania. ...