 Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza in his version of "native" dress, photographed by Félix Nadar. Pietro Paolo Savorgnan di Brazzà, best known as Pierre Paul François Camille Savorgnan de Brazza (January 26, 1852 - September 14, 1905) was a Franco-Italian explorer, born in Italy and later naturalized French. He single-handedly opened up for France entry along the right bank of the Congo that eventually led to French colonies in West Africa. His easy manner and great physical charm and his pacific approach among Africans were his trademark. Image File history File links Pierre_Savorgnan_de_Brazza. ...
Image File history File links Pierre_Savorgnan_de_Brazza. ...
Nadar (self-portrait) Nadar (Gaspard-Félix Tournachon) - Self-portrait For the Tamil caste, see Nadar caste. ...
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This list of explorers is sorted by surname. ...
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Western Africa (UN subregion) Maghreb West Africa or Western Africa is the westernmost region of the African continent. ...
Biography
Born in Rome, Pietro Paolo di Brazzà he was the seventh son of Count Ascanio Savorgnan di Brazzà, a nobleman of Udine with many French connections. Pietro won entry to the French naval school at Brest, graduated as an ensign, and went on the Jeanne d'Arc to Algeria, where he was horrified to see French troops shooting down Kabyle insurgents. Nickname: The Eternal City Motto: SPQR: Senatus PopulusQue Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Mayor Walter Veltroni Area - City 1,285 km² (496. ...
Udine (Friulian Udin, Slovene Videm) is a city in the north-east of Italy, capital of the historical region of Friuli, in the middle of Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic sea and the Alps (Alpi Carniche), less than 40 km far from the Slovenian border. ...
Brest is a city in Brittany, or the Bretagne région, north-west France, sous-préfecture of the Finistère département. ...
Ensign is a junior rank of commissioned officer in the militaries of some countries, normally in the infantry or navy. ...
The Kabyles are a Berber people whose traditional homeland is Kabylie or Kabylia in northeastern Algeria. ...
His next ship was the Venus, which stopped at Gabon regularly, and in 1874 de Brazza made two trips, up the Gabon and Ogoue rivers. He then proposed to the government that he explore the Ogoue to its source, and with the help of friends in high places, including Jules Ferry and Leon Gambetta, he secured partial funding, the rest coming out of his own pocket. He also became a naturalized French citizen at this time, adopting the French spelling of his name. The Ogooué (or Ogowe) is the principal river of Gabon in west central Africa. ...
Jules Ferry, French statesman Jules François Camille Ferry (April 5, 1832 – March 17, 1893) was a French statesman. ...
Painting of Léon Gambetta by Léon Bonnat Léon Gambetta (April 2, 1838 - December 31, 1882), French statesman, was born at Cahors. ...
In this expedition, which lasted from 1875-1878, armed with cotton textiles and tools to use for barter, accompanied only by a doctor and a naturalist and a dozen Senegalese infantrymen, Brazza charmed and talked his way deep inland.
The French authorized a second mission, 1879-1882. Reaching the Congo River in 1880, Brazza proposed to King Makoko of the Batekes that he place his kingdom under the protection of the French flag. Makoko, interested in trade possibilities and in gaining an edge over his rivals, signed a treaty. Makoko also arranged for the establishment of a French settlement at Ncuna on the Congo's Malebo Pool, a place later known as Brazzaville. The Bateke are a Central African ethnic group. ...
The Pool Malebo (formerly Stanley Pool, also seen as Malebo Pool), is a lake-like widening in the lower reaches of the Congo River. ...
Image of Kinshasa and Brazzaville, taken by NASA. Brazzaville is the capital and largest city of the Republic of the Congo and is located on the Congo River. ...
In 1886 he was named governor-general of the French Congo. Journalists' reports of the contrast between the decent wages and humane conditions there contrasted with the personal regime of Belgian King Léopold on the opposite bank, in the Congo Free State, made him some important enemies, and a mounting smear campaign in the French press led to his dismissal in 1898. By 1905 he was asked to look into the colonial conditions, which had deteriorated during his absence, but the National Assembly voted to suppress his embarrassing report, a copy of which was found amongst his personal effects after his death. He died suddenly of a fever at Dakar. There were rumors that he had been poisoned. French Congo was the original French colony established in the present-day area of the Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and the Central African Republic. ...
King Léopold II His Majesty King Léopold II of the Belgians (Louis Philippe Marie Victor) (April 9, 1835–December 17, 1909), succeeded his father, Léopold I of Belgium, to the Belgian throne in 1865 and remained king until his death. ...
The Congo Free State was a kingdom privately and controversially owned by King Leopold II of Belgium that included the entire area now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo. ...
The Palais Bourbon, front The French National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale) is one of the two houses of the bicameral Parliament of France under the Fifth Republic. ...
(City of Dakar, divided into 19 communes darrondissement) City proper (commune) Région Dakar Département Dakar Mayor Pape Diop (PDS) (since 2002) Area 82. ...
The epitaph for his burial site in Algiers reads "une mémoire pure de sang humain" ('a memory untainted by human blood'). Nickname: al-Bahjah Location of Algiers within Algeria Algiers 944 A.D. Area - City 273 km² Population - City (2003) around 2. ...
A mausoleum has been built in his honour in Brazzaville. On 30 September 2006, his remains were exhumed in Algiers[1] to be reinterred in Brazzaville on 3 October, along with those of his wife and four children.[2] Image of Kinshasa and Brazzaville, taken by NASA. Brazzaville is the capital and largest city of the Republic of the Congo and is located on the Congo River. ...
September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
Mausoleum Controversy The decision to honor De Brazza as a founding father of the Republic of the Congo [hide] has elicited many protests. Mwinda Press, the journal of the Asociation of Congolese Democrats in France wrote articles depicting De Brazza as a colonizer and not a humanist. The honoring of a European colonizer, who is known to have raped a Congolese woman and pillaged villages, has raised questions as to why the colonizer should be revered as a national hero instead of nationalized Congolese who fought against colonization. For further reading please follow the links referencing the Mwinda.org article.
References - Richard West, Brazza of the Congo (1972)
- Thomas Pakenham, The Scramble for Africa (1991)
- Maria Petringa, Brazza, A Life for Africa (2006)
- Théophile Obenga - The rape by De Brazza, http://www.mwinda.org/article/obenga.html
- The Mausoleum of Shame - http://www.mwinda.org/article/honte.html
- De Brazza - A Congolese Point of View, http://www.mwinda.org/article/honte1.html
Thomas Francis Dermot Pakenham, 8th Earl of Longford (born 14 August 1933), known simply as Thomas Pakenham, is an Anglo-Irish historian and arborist who has authored several prize winning books on the diverse subjects of Victorian and post-Victorian British history and trees. ...
The Scramble for Africa: The White Mans Conquest of the Dark Continent from 1876 to 1912 is a comprehensive but popular history of the Scramble for Africa by Thomas Pakenham. ...
Notes The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ...
September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
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