Petrus Leonardus Rijke (July 11, 1812 – April 7, 1899) was a Dutch physicist, and a professor in experimental physics at the University of Leiden. Rijke spent his scientific career exploring the physics of electricity, and is known for the Rijke tube. On July 1, 1852 he was married to Johanna Hamaker. They had 6 sons and 6 daughters. July 11 is the 192nd day (193rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 173 days remaining. ... For the overture by Tchaikovsky, see 1812 Overture; For the wars, see War of 1812 (USA - United Kingdom) or Patriotic War of 1812 (France - Russia) For the Siberia Airlines plane crashed over the Black Sea on October 4, 2001, see Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 1812 was a leap year starting... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... ... Experimental physics is the part of physics that deals with experiments and observations pertaining to natural/physical phenomena, as opposed to theoretical physics. ... Leiden University in the city of Leiden, is the oldest university in the Netherlands. ... Lightning strikes during a night-time thunderstorm. ... Rijkes tube turns heat into sound, by creating a self-amplifying standing wave. ... July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

Early years and education

Rijke was born in Hemmen, (municipality Valburg), Netherlands. His father, Dirk Rijke, was a pastor. His mother was Elisabeth Pieternella Beausar. Overbetuwe is a municipality in the eastern Netherlands. ... Overbetuwe is a municipality in the eastern Netherlands. ...

From 1830 Rijke studied physics under P.J. Uijlenbroek at the University of Leiden, where he obtained his Ph.D. in 1836. His thesis was on "Specimen physicum inaugurale de origine electricitatis Voltaicae". Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Leiden University in the city of Leiden, is the oldest university in the Netherlands. ... Year 1836 (MDCCCXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Academic career

In 1835 he was appointed professor of physics at the Royal Athenaeum in Maastricht. In 1845 he became extraordinary professor and in 1854 he was promoted to full professor of physics at the University of Leiden. Coordinates: Country Netherlands Province Limburg Area (2006)  - Municipality 60. ... 1845 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The meaning of the word professor (Latin: one who claims publicly to be an expert) varies. ... 1854 (MDCCCLIV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Leyden redirects here. ...

There he started a physics laboratory with a large collection of scientific instruments. His most important students were H.A. Lorentz and J.D. van der Waals. He retired in 1882, and was succeeded by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes as professor of experimental physics at the University of Leiden. Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (July 18, 1853, Arnhem – February 4, 1928, Haarlem) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for the discovery and elucidation of the Zeeman effect. ... van der Waals Johannes Diderik van der Waals (November 23, 1837 – March 8, 1923) was a Dutch scientist famous for his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids, for which he won the Nobel Prize in physics in 1910. ... Year 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (September 21, 1853 – February 21, 1926) was a Dutch physicist. ... Experimental physics is the part of physics that deals with experiments and observations pertaining to natural/physical phenomena, as opposed to theoretical physics. ... Leiden University in the city of Leiden, is the oldest university in the Netherlands. ...

Publications

1831 P.L. Rijke. Responsio ad quaestionem mathematicam qua quaeritur : “Commentatio de projectione stereographica ejusqu usu in geographia et pahasbus defectus solaris delineandis. Leiden, Annal. Acad.

1832 P.L. Rijke. Praecipuae naturae leges, quae in Luminis diffractione observantur, earumque nexus cum aliis optices phaenomenis. Leiden, Annal. Acad.

1836 P.L. Rijke Specimen physicum inaugurale de orginen electricitatis Voltaicae. Leiden.

1845 P.L. Rijke. Oratio de meritis Petri Johannis Uyllenbroek. Universiteit Leiden .

1853 P.L. Rijke. Erklarung der verstarkung die das durch einen galvanischen Funken verursachte Gerausch erleidet, wenn der strom unter gewissen umstanden unterbrochen wird. Poggendorf Annal 84, 166-172.

1856 P.L. Rijke. Notiz uber die schlagweite desRuhmkorff’schen apparat. Poggendorf Annal 97, 67-76.

1856 P.L. Rijke.Von der Electricitats-Erregung, welche man beobachtet wenn eine flussigkeit den spaharoidalen zustand verlasst. Poggendorf Annal 97, 500-508.

1858 P.L. Rijke. Ueber die extrastrome. Poggendorf Annal 102, 481-529.

1859 P.L. Rijke. On the vibration of the air in a tube open at both ends. Phil. Mag. 17. 419-422.

1859 P.L. Rijke. Ueber die schalgweite der electrischen batterie. Poggendorf Annal 106, 411-453.

1860 P.L. Rijke. Note on the inductive spark. Phil. Mag. 20. 441-446.

1861 P.L. Rijke. On the duration of a spark which accompanies the discharge of an electrical conductor. Phil. Mag. 21. 365-369.

1862 P.L. Rijke. Note on the inductive spark. Phil. Mag. 24. 249-262.

1874 P.L. Rijke. Over de drukking, waaronder het gas door gasbranders gevoerd moet worden. Amsterdam, Akad. Versl en Meded., 9, 1874 127-132.

1875 P.L. Rijke. Over den ijk van Gasmeters. Leiden .

1879 P.L. Rijke. Iets over den microphoon. Amsterdam, Akad. Versl en Meded., 14, 1879. 1-26.

1882 P.L. Rijke Bijdragen tot de geschiedneis van het gasonderzoek te Leiden. Leiden .

???? P.L. Rijke. Betrekking het drinkbaar maken van zeewater door den toestel van de heer Louis Roulet. Tijdschrift der Nederlandse maatschappij tot bevordering van der geneeskunde

See also

• Rijke tube

Rijkes tube turns heat into sound, by creating a self-amplifying standing wave. ...

External links

• H.A.M. Snelders, Rijke, Petrus Leonardus (1812-1899), in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland. (In Dutch).
• Vasco Verlaan, P.L. Rijke: Een Bron van degelijkheid., master's thesis, University of Utrecht, 2003 (In Dutch).