Two weights used in the theatre and made of pig iron; because of this, they are dubbed 'pig weights' or simply "pigs."

Pig iron is raw iron, the immediate product of smelting iron ore with coke and limestone in a blast furnace. Pig iron has a very high carbon content, typically 3.5%, which makes it very brittle and not useful directly as a material except for limited applications. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... General Name, symbol, number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 8, 4, d Appearance lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge Standard atomic weight 55. ... Electric phosphate smelting furnace in a TVA chemical plant (1942) Chemical reduction, or smelting, is a form of extractive metallurgy. ... This heap of iron ore pellets will be used in steel production. ... Coke Coke is a solid carbonaceous material derived from destructive distillation of low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Blast furnace in Sestao, Spain. ... General Name, symbol, number carbon, C, 6 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 14, 2, p Appearance black (graphite) colorless (diamond) Standard atomic weight 12. ... A material is brittle if it is subject to fracture when subjected to stress i. ...

Pig iron is typically poured directly out of the bottom of the blast furnace through a trough into a ladle car for transfer to the steel plant in liquid form, referred to as "hot metal." The hot metal is then charged into a steel-making vessel to produce steel, typically with an electric arc furnace or basic oxygen furnace, by burning off the excess carbon in a controlled fashion and adjusting the alloy composition. Earlier processes for this included the Bessemer Process, open hearth furnace, finery forge, and the puddling furnace. Categories: Move to Wiktionary | Stub ... Steelmaking is the second step in producing steel from iron ore. ... The steel cable of a colliery winding tower. ... An electric arc furnace is a system that heats charged material by means of an electric arc. ... The basic oxygen furnace is the place within a foundry where molten iron from the blast furnace is changed into liquid steel. ... For specification language, see Alloy Analyzer. ... Bessemer converter, schematic diagram The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel from molten pig iron. ... Open hearth furnaces are one of a number of kinds of furnace where excess carbon and other impurities are burnt out of pig iron to produce steel. ... Iron tapped from the blast furnace is pig iron, and contains significant amounts of carbon and silicon. ... Schematic drawing of a puddling furnace The puddling furnace is a metalmaking technology to create wrought iron from the pig iron produced in a blast furnace. ...

The traditional shape of the molds used for these ingots was a branching structure formed in sand, with many individual ingots at right angles to a central channel or runner. Such a configuration is similar in appearance to a litter of piglets suckling on a sow. When the metal had cooled and hardened, the smaller ingots (the pigs) were simply broken from the much thinner runner (the sow), hence the name pig iron. As pig iron is intended for remelting, the uneven size of the ingots and inclusion of small amounts of sand was insignificant compared to the ease of casting and of handling. For other uses, see Sand (disambiguation). ... Piglet can refer to: Look up Piglet in Wiktionary, the free dictionary A juvenile pig. ...

Modern steel mills and direct-reduction iron plants transfer the molten iron to a ladle for immediate use in the steel making furnaces or cast it into pigs on a pig casting machine for reuse or resale. Modern pig casting machines produce stick pigs, which break into smaller 4-10 kg pieces at discharge. A steel mill at the turn of the century in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania A steel mill (British English and Australian English steelworks) is an industrial plant for the manufacture of steel. ... LADLE ...

The puddling process of smelting iron ore to make wrought iron from pig iron, the right half of the illustration (not shown) displays men working a blast furnace, Tiangong Kaiwu encyclopedia published in 1637, written by Song Yingxing (1587-1666).

Cast iron is made by remelting pig iron, often along with substantial quantities of scrap iron, and removing undesirable contaminants, adding alloys, and adjusting the carbon content. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Puddle may refer to: Puddle, an acculmulation of water on a surface. ... General Name, symbol, number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 8, 4, d Appearance lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge Standard atomic weight 55. ... Iron ore (Banded iron formation) Manganese ore Lead ore Gold ore An ore is a volume of rock containing components or minerals in a mode of occurrence which renders it valuable for mining. ... It has been suggested that Wrought iron furniture be merged into this article or section. ... Blast furnace in Sestao, Spain. ... Brockhaus Konversations-Lexikon, 1902 An encyclopedia, encyclopaedia or (traditionally) encyclopædia[1] is a comprehensive written compendium that contains information on all branches of knowledge or a particular branch of knowledge. ... Song Yingxing (Traditional Chinese:宋應星; Simplified Chinese:宋应星; Wade Giles: Sung Ying-Hsing; 1587-1666 AD) was a Chinese scientist and encyclopedist who lived during the late Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). ... 1587 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1666 is often called Annus Mirabilis. ... Cast iron usually refers to grey cast iron, but can mean any of a group of iron-based alloys containing more than 2% carbon (alloys with less carbon are carbon steel by definition). ... A breakers yard in the UK, showing cars stacked on a metal grid to make it easier to find and remove usable parts. ...

The Chinese were making pig iron by the later Zhou Dynasty (1122 BC - 256 BC). In Europe, the process did not become common until the 14th century. Alternative meaning: Zhou Dynasty (690 CE - 705 CE) The Zhou Dynasty (周朝; Wade-Giles: Chou Dynasty) (late 10th century BC to late 9th century BC - 256 BC) followed the Shang (Yin) Dynasty and preceded the Qin Dynasty in China. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ...

Popular References

• The Lehigh Valley IronPigs, a AAA-level Minor league baseball team based in Allentown, Pennsylvania and affiliated with the Philadelphia Phillies, is named for pig iron. Allentown and its surrounding Lehigh Valley region of Pennsylvania have historically been a major manufacturing site for steel.
• Episode 7 of the spoof science BBC television show Look Around You showed pig iron as being manufactured by specially-trained pigs.
• In Leadbelly's song, "Rock Island Line" the train conductor was actually transporting Pig Iron, not livestock.

In the 1977 Clint Eastwood movie "The Gauntlet", Pat Hingle refers to the armour Eastwood has attached to a bus as pig iron. League International League Division North Division Year founded 2008 Major League affiliation Philadelphia Phillies Home ballpark Coca-Cola Park Previous home ballparks Lynx Stadium City Allentown, Pennsylvania Current uniform colors furnace blue, brick red, steel Previous uniform colors black, red Logo design A stylized pig head made of iron and... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Minor League Baseball. ... Nickname: Motto: Sic Semper Tyrannis Pennsylvanias location in the United States Allentowns location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Lehigh Founded 1762 Government  - Mayor Ed Pawlowski Area  - City  18. ... Major league affiliations National League (1883–present) East Division (1969–present) Current uniform Retired Numbers 1, 14, 20, 32, 36, 42 Name Philadelphia Phillies (1884–present) Philadelphia Quakers (1883-1889) (Also referred to as Blue Jays 1943-1945 despite formal name remaining Phillies) Other nicknames The Phils, The Phightin Phils... Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Area  Ranked 33rd  - Total 46,055 sq mi (119,283 km²)  - Width 280 miles (455 km)  - Length 160 miles (255 km)  - % water 2. ... In contemporary usage, a parody (or lampoon) is a work that imitates another work in order to ridicule, ironically comment on, or poke some affectionate fun at the work itself, the subject of the work, the author or fictional voice of the parody, or another subject. ... The British Broadcasting Corporation, which is usually known as the BBC, is the largest broadcasting corporation in the world in terms of audience numbers, employing 26,000 staff in the United Kingdom alone and with a budget of more than GB£4 billion. ... Look Around You is a BBC television comedy series devised and written by Robert Popper and Peter Serafinowicz, and, in the first series only, narrated by Nigel Lambert. ...

European producers of Pig iron

• Tinfos is a Norwegian firm that produces Pig iron.

Tinfos is a private Norwegian holding company. ...

See also

• Steelmaking
• Wrought iron

Steelmaking is the second step in producing steel from iron ore. ... It has been suggested that Wrought iron furniture be merged into this article or section. ...

External Links

• ironfurnaces.com - a free wiki dedicated to preserving iron furnaces (manufacturers of pig iron)