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Encyclopedia > Pike's Peak Gold Rush
Miners at Pikes Peak
Miners at Pikes Peak

The Pike's Peak Gold Rush (later known as the Colorado Gold Rush) was the boom in gold prospecting and mining in the Pike's Peak Country of northwestern Kansas Territory and southwestern Nebraska Territory of the United States that began in July 1858 and lasted until roughly the creation of the Colorado Territory on February 28, 1861. An estimated 100,000 gold seekers took part in the greatest gold rush in North American history.[1] The participants in the gold rush were known as Fifty-Niners after 1859, the peak year of the rush. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1045x814, 82 KB) Summary Taken From: Alpenrose Press Web Site http://www. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1045x814, 82 KB) Summary Taken From: Alpenrose Press Web Site http://www. ... Pikes Peak (formerly Pikes Peak, see below) is a mountain in the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, 10 miles (16 km) west of Colorado Springs, Colorado, in El Paso County. ... GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... Pikes Peak Country was the common name for what is now Colorado before the land was ever organized or widely settled. ... map of Kansas Territory Kansas Territory was an organized territory of the United States that existed from May 30, 1854 to January 29, 1861, when Kansas became the 34th U.S. state admitted to the Union. ... Nebraska Territory was a historic, organized territory of the United States from May 30, 1854 until March 1, 1867 when Nebraska became the 37th U.S. state. ... July is the seventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Kansas, Nebraska, Utah, and New Mexico territories in 1860 The Colorado Territory was a historic, organized territory of the United States that existed between 1861 and 1876. ... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1861 (MDCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link with display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar) // January 1 - Benito Juárez captures Mexico City January 2 - Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia dies and is succeeded by... A California Gold Rush handbill A gold rush is a period of feverish migration of workers into the area of a dramatic discovery of commercial quantities of gold. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... The Fifty-Niners trace to 1859, during the Colorado Gold Rush. ... 1859 (MDCCCLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ...

Contents

Overview

The Pike's Peak Gold Rush, which followed the California Gold Rush by approximately one decade, produced a dramatic but temporary influx of immigrants into the Pike's Peak Country of the Southern Rocky Mountains. The rush was exemplified by the slogan "Pike's Peak or Bust", a reference to the prominent mountain at the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains that guided many early prospectors to the region westward over the Great Plains. The prospectors provided the first major European-American population in the region. The rush created a few mining camps such as Denver City and Boulder City that would develop into cities. Many smaller camps such as Auraria and Saint Charles City were absorbed by larger camps and towns. Scores of other mining camps have faded into ghost towns, but a few camps such as Central City, Black Hawk, and Idaho Springs survive. The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) began in January 1848, when gold was discovered at Sutters Mill. ... Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ... Pikes Peak Country was the common name for what is now Colorado before the land was ever organized or widely settled. ... Confectionary Company, see Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory. ... Pikes Peak or Bust! was a popular slogan of the estimated 100,000 gold seekers who streamed into the Pikes Peak Country of western Kansas Territory and southwestern Nebraska Territory during the Pikes Peak Gold Rush of 1858-1861. ... The Great Plains covers much of the central United States, portions of Canada and Mexico. ... Prospecting is the act of searching for minerals or ore deposits. ... The origins from which white Americans may come. ... : The Mile-High City United States Colorado Denver (coextensive) 154. ... The City of Boulder ( , Mountain Time Zone) is a home rule municipality located in Boulder County, Colorado, United States. ... Auraria was a small mining settlement in the Kansas Territory in the United States. ... : The Mile-High City United States Colorado Denver (coextensive) 154. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Central City is the county seat of Gilpin County, Colorado. ... Restored historic buildings in downtown Black Hawk Black Hawk is a city in Gilpin County, Colorado, United States. ... Idaho Springs is a city located in Clear Creek County, Colorado. ...


Discovery

For millennia, Native Americans observed the wide variety of minerals in and around the Rocky Mountains. The people of the Chaco Culture mined turquoise at Los Cerrillos in New Mexico and traded the beautiful gem with the great civilizations of México, Yucatán, and Guatemala.[2] Native Americans considered gold, silver, and other metals to be far less valuable and mining for metals did not begin north of México until English colonists began mining iron ore in 1619.[3] Native Americans are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States, including parts of Alaska. ... Confectionary Company, see Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory. ... Kiva at Pueblo Del Arroyo Chaco Culture National Historical Park is a United States National Historical Park and World Heritage Site which contains the densest and most exceptional concentration of large pueblos in the American Southwest. ... Turquoise (or turquois) is opaque, blue-to-green hydrated copper aluminium phosphate mineral according to the chemical formula CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·5H2O. It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been enjoyed as a gem and ornamental stone for thousands of years owing to its unique... Los Cerrillos is a census-designated place located in Santa Fe County, New Mexico. ... Capital Santa Fe Largest city Albuquerque Area  Ranked 5th  - Total 121,665 sq mi (315,194 km²)  - Width 342 miles (550 km)  - Length 370 miles (595 km)  - % water 0. ... This article is about the country in North America. ... Yucatán is the name of one of the 31 states of Mexico, located on the north of the Yucatán Peninsula. ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Capital London (de facto) Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi  Population    - 2006 est. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This heap of iron ore pellets will be used in steel production. ... Events May 13 - Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after having been accused of treason. ...


In 1849 and 1850, several parties of gold seekers bound for the California Gold Rush panned small amounts of gold from various streams in the South Platte River Valley at the foot of the Rocky Mountains. The Rocky Mountain gold failed to impress or delay men with visions of unlimited wealth in California, and the discoveries were not reported for several years.[4] 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1850 (MDCCCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) began in January 1848, when gold was discovered at Sutters Mill. ... A sluice box used in placer mining Placer mining (pronounced plass-er) is a open-pit or open-cast form of mining by which certain valuable minerals are extracted from the earth without tunneling. ... The South Platte River in Denver, Colorado The South Platte River is one of the two principal tributaries of the Platte River and itself a major river of the American West, located in the U.S. states of Colorado and Nebraska. ... Confectionary Company, see Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory. ...


As the hysteria of the California Gold Rush faded, many discouraged gold seekers returned home. Rumors of gold in the Rocky Mountains persisted and several small parties explored the region. In the summer of 1857, a party of Spanish-speaking gold seekers from New Mexico worked a placer deposit along the South Platte River about 5 miles (8 kilometers) above Cherry Creek in what is today Denver.[1] 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the international language known as Spanish. ... Capital Santa Fe Largest city Albuquerque Area  Ranked 5th  - Total 121,665 sq mi (315,194 km²)  - Width 342 miles (550 km)  - Length 370 miles (595 km)  - % water 0. ... A sluice box used in placer mining Placer mining (pronounced plass-er) is a open-pit or open-cast form of mining by which certain valuable minerals are extracted from the earth without tunneling. ... Cherry Creek in Denver in 2003 Cherry Creeks location in the western part of the Missouri River watershed, highlighted in light blue Cherry Creek is a tributary of the South Platte River, 64 mi (103 km) long, in Colorado in the United States. ... : The Mile-High City United States Colorado Denver (coextensive) 154. ...


William Greeneberry "Green" Russell was a Georgian who worked in the California gold fields in the 1850s. Russell was married to a Cherokee woman, and through his connections to the tribe, he heard about a 1849 discovery of gold along the South Platte River. Green Russel organized a party to prospect along the South Platte River, setting off with his two brothers and six companions in February 1858. They rendezvoused with Cherokee tribe members along the Arkansas River in present-day Oklahoma and continued westward along the Santa Fe Trail. Others joined the party along the way until their number reached 107.[4] William Greeneberry Green Russell was born in 1818. ... For other uses, see Cherokee (disambiguation). ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Arkansas River flows through Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas. ... Official language(s) None Capital Oklahoma City Largest city Oklahoma City Area  Ranked 20th  - Total 69,960 sq mi (181,196 km²)  - Width 230 miles (370 km)  - Length 298 miles (480 km)  - % water 1. ... Trail logo The Santa Fe Trail was a historic 19th century transportation route across southwestern North America connecting Missouri with Santa Fe, New Mexico. ...


Upon reaching Bent's Fort, they turned to the northwest, reaching the confluence of Cherry Creek and the South Platte on on May 23. The site of their initial explorations is in present-day Confluence Park in Denver. They began prospecting in the river beds, exploring Cherry Creek and nearby Ralston Creek but without success. In the first week of July 1858, Green Russell and Sam Bates found a small placer deposit near the mouth of Little Dry Creek that yielded about 20 troy ounces (622 grams) of gold, the first significant gold discovery in the Rocky Mountain region. The site of the discovery is in the present-day Denver suburb of Englewood, just north of the junction of U.S. Highway 285 and U.S. Highway 85.[4] For information concerning Bents New Fort, visit the National Park Services website at: [1] ... Cherry Creek in Denver in 2003 Cherry Creeks location in the western part of the Missouri River watershed, highlighted in light blue Cherry Creek is a tributary of the South Platte River, 64 mi (103 km) long, in Colorado in the United States. ... May 23 is the 143rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (144th in leap years). ... Ralston Creek is a tributary of Clear Creek, approximately 15 miles (24 km) long, in central Colorado in the United States. ... July is the seventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Little Dry Creek is a short tributary of the South Platte River, approximately 6 miles (10 km), in Arapahoe County, Colorado in the United States. ... Englewood is a city located in Arapahoe County, Colorado. ... United States Highway 285 is a north-south United States highway. ... United States Highway 85 is a north-south United States highway that runs for 1,479 miles from the Canadian border in North Dakota to the Mexican border in El Paso, Texas. ...


Gold rush

When word got back east, the Pike's Peak Gold Rush was on. By 1859, large numbers of prospective miners and settlers had come up the South Platte River to the Cherry Creek Diggings (Denver). At first, there was only the slight showing in Cherry Creek and the South Platte River, but soon hard rock deposits of gold were discovered at Idaho Springs and Central City. By 1860, Central City had a population of 60,000 people, and Denver City, Golden City, and Boulder City were substantial towns serving the mines. The South Platte River in Denver, Colorado The South Platte River is one of the two principal tributaries of the Platte River and itself a major river of the American West, located in the U.S. states of Colorado and Nebraska. ... : The Mile-High City United States Colorado Denver (coextensive) 154. ... Underground hard rock mining refers to various underground mining techniques used to excavate hard minerals such as those containing metals like gold, copper, zinc, nickel and lead or gems such as diamonds. ... Downtown Golden, Colorado Golden, Colorado lies at the mouth of Clear Creek at the edge of the foothills of the Front Range. ...


The first decade of the boom was largely concentrated along the South Platte River at the base of the mountains, the canyon of Clear Creek in the mountains west of Golden City, and South Park. As prospectors flooded the region in search of quick riches, the rapid population growth led to the creation of the Colorado Territory in 1861 and to the U.S. state of Colorado in 1876. The easy-to-reach gold deposits were largely played out by 1863 until another major strike was made in 1891 in the Cripple Creek area. Cripple Creek became a powerful center of union activity organized by the Western Federation of Miners primarily as a result of the successful strike of 1894. A subsequent strike of mill workers in 1903 led to the Colorado Labor Wars. Clear Creek is a tributary of the South Platte River, approximately 40 mi (64 km) long, in north central Colorado in the United States. ... View of South Park along U.S. Route 285 looking eastward toward the Front Range For other uses: see South Park (disambiguation). ... The Kansas, Nebraska, Utah, and New Mexico territories in 1860 The Colorado Territory was a historic, organized territory of the United States that existed between 1861 and 1876. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties Libertarian Party State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... Downtown Cripple Creek Cripple Creek, is a city in Teller County, Colorado; it is the county seat. ... Western Federation of Miners famous flyer entitled Is Colorado in America? The Western Federation of Miners (WFM) was a radical labor union that gained a reputation for militancy in the mine fields of the western United States. ... View of Cripple Creek, circa 1900 Cripple Creek miners strike of 1894 was a successful five-month strike by the Western Federation of Miners (WFM) in Cripple Creek, Colorado. ... Colorados most significant battles between labor and capital occurred primarily between miners and mine operators. ...


Hard rock mining followed exhaustion of the easy-to-reach surface deposits in all those areas, and the region continues to produce gold ore and many other minerals, although gold has been a minor mining effort for decades. The railroad lines built to haul gold from the mountains were a major part in creating the economic base of the region in the following decades, especially as Colorado experienced a companion mining boom in 1879 with the Colorado Silver Boom. Iron ore (Banded iron formation) Manganese ore Lead ore Gold ore An ore is a volume of rock containing components or minerals in a mode of occurrence which renders it valuable for mining. ... This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Colorado Silver Boom was a dramatic expansionist period of silver mining activity in the U.S. state of Colorado in the late 19th century. ...


References

  1. ^ a b Noel, Thomas J. (December 19, 2006). Denver History - The Arapaho Camp (ASP/HTML). Mile High City. City and County of Denver. Retrieved on 2006 December 19.
  2. ^ Turquoise Mining History; The Cerrillos Mining District - 03: Milford (HTML). The History of Turquoise in the Cerrillos Hills, New Mexico. New Mexico Abandoned Mine Land Bureau (November 15, 1995). Retrieved on 2006 December 20.
  3. ^ Timeline of Casting Technology (HTML). Birmingham District of the American Foundry Society (2006). Retrieved on 2006 December 20.
  4. ^ a b c Gehling, Richard (2006). The Pike's Peak Gold Rush (HTML). The Pike's Peak Gold Rush. Richard Gehling. Retrieved on 2006 December 19.


 

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