Pitman Shorthand is a system of rapid writing developed by Sir Isaac Pitman (1813-1897). It was first presented in 1837. It is a phonetic system using symbols for various sounds in the language. Categories: Stub ... 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1897 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1837 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Phonetics (from the Greek word phone = sound/voice) is the study of speech sounds (voice). ...

One characteristic feature is that voiceless and voiced sounds (such as /p/ and /b/) are represented by the same symbol except for using darker lines for the voiced sound (this is usually accomplished by using light or heavy pressure on the page). Doing this requires a writing instrument which is responsive to the user's drawing pressure: specialist fountain pens (with a fine flexible nib) or pencils are often used. Phoneticians define phonation as use of the laryngeal system to generate an audible source of acoustic energy, i. ... Phoneticians define phonation as use of the laryngeal system to generate an audible source of acoustic energy, i. ... A fountain pen is a writing instrument, more specifically a pen, that contains a reservoir of water-based ink that is fed to a nib through a feed via a combination of gravity and capillary action. ... A couple of very simple pencils Colored pencils are usually used for drawing instead of writing. ...

Another feature is the distinction between symbols drawn on the line, over the line, or under the line. For example, a small circle drawn above the line translates to as/has and the same circle drawn on the line translates to is/his.

Vowels are generally indicated by dots or small dashes drawn close to the stroke of the previous consonant. The type of vowel is dependent on the relative position of the dot or dash to the stroke (beginning, middle, or end). Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ... See also consonance in music. ...

There are at least three "dialects" of Pitman's shorthand: the original Pitman's, Pitman's New Era, and Pitman's 2000. The later versions dropped certain symbols and introduced other simplifications to earlier versions. For example, strokes "rer" (heavy curved downstroke) and "kway", (hooked horizontal straight stroke) are present in Pitman's New Era, but not in Pitman's 2000.

Pitman's brother Benn settled in Cincinnati, Ohio in the United States of America, spreading Pitman's system to the U.S., and at one time Pitman was the most commonly used shorthand system all over the English-speaking world. In many regions (especially in the USA), it has been superseded by Gregg Shorthand, developed by John Robert Gregg. Cincinnati, The Queen City and also referred to as Cincy, is a city in Southwestern Ohio on the Ohio River and is the county seat of Hamilton County6. ... Shorthand is a writing method that can be done at speed because an abbreviated or symbolic form of language is used. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Gregg Shorthand is a form of shorthand that was invented by John Robert Gregg in 1888. ...

History

Writing

Consonants

Vowels

Grammalogues

Hooks

References

External links

• The Joy of Pitman Shorthand (http://pitmanshorthand.homestead.com)
• What is Pitman shorthand? (http://www.crazycolour.com/os/writing_06.shtml)