Plasticine, a brand of modelling clay, is a putty-like modelling material made from calcium salts, petroleum jelly and aliphatic acids. The name is trademarked but tends to be used as a generic description in Britain and the Commonwealth, in Chile, Uruguay, Portugal and Brazil as plasticina in many countries of Latin America and Spain as plastilina, in Lithuania as plastelinas, in Estonia plasteliin in Bulgaria and Albania as plastelin. In the United States the term modelling clay is much more widely used and, although the Plasticine brand is available, it is not well known.^{[citation needed]} The Pleistocene epoch (IPA: ) on the geologic timescale is the period from 1,808,000 to 11,550 years BP. The Pleistocene epoch had been intended to cover the worlds recent period of repeated glaciations. ... Clay has been used for modelling from the beginning of civilisation. ... PuTTY is a free software SSH, Telnet, rlogin, and raw TCP client. ... General Name, Symbol, Number calcium, Ca, 20 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 4, s Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 40. ... Petroleum jelly, vaseline, petrolatum or soft paraffin [3] is a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons, originally promoted as a topical ointment for its healing properties. ... In chemistry, especially biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid often with a long unbranched aliphatic tail (chain), which is either saturated or unsaturated. ... “(TM)” redirects here. ... The Commonwealth of Nations as of 2006 Headquarters Marlborough House, London, UK Official languages English Membership 53 sovereign states Leaders  -  Queen Elizabeth II  -  Secretary-General Don McKinnon (since 1 April 2000) Establishment  -  Balfour Declaration 18 November 1926   -  Statute of Westminster 11 December 1931   -  London Declaration 28 April 1949  Area  -  Total... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ...

History

Plasticine was formulated by art teacher William Harbutt of Bathampton, near Bath, England in 1897. He wanted a non-drying clay for use by his sculpture students. Although the exact composition is a secret, Plasticine is composed of calcium salts (principally calcium carbonate, i.e. chalk), petroleum jelly, and long-chain aliphatic acids (principally stearic acid). It is non-toxic, sterile, soft, malleable, and does not dry on exposure to air (unlike superficially similar products such as Play-Doh, which is based on flour, salt and water). It cannot be hardened by firing; in fact, it is flammable and attempts to harden it by heating may be dangerous. This article is about the philosophical concept of Art. ... William Harbutt (13 February 1844 - 1 June 1921) was the inventor of Plasticine. ... Bathampton - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... Bath is a city in Somerset, England most famous for its baths fed by three hot springs. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... A sculpture is a three-dimensional object, which for the purposes of this article is man-made and selected for special recognition as art. ... Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound, with the chemical formula CaCO3. ... The Needles,situated on the Isle Of Wight, are part of the extensive Southern England Chalk Formation. ... Stearic acid, also called octadecanoic acid, is one of the useful types of saturated fatty acids that comes from many animal and vegetable fats and oils. ... Green Play-Doh with can and accessory toy Play-Doh is a commercial plastic modeling compound similar in texture to bread dough that has been sold as a childrens toy around the world for a half century. ... Charcoal Kilns, California Gold Kiln, Victoria, Australia Hop kiln. ... Flammable or Flammability refers to the ease at which a substance will ignite, causing fire or combustion. ...

A patent was awarded in 1899, and in 1900 commercial production started at a factory in Bathampton. The original Plasticine was grey, but the product initially sold to the public came in four colours. It was soon available in a wide variety of bright colours. Plasticine was popular with children, widely used in schools for teaching art, and found a wide variety of other uses (moulding for plaster casts, for example). The Harbutt company promoted Plasticine as a children's toy by producing modelling kits in association with companies responsible for popular children's characters such as Noddy, the Mr Men and Paddington Bear. For other uses, see Noddy (disambiguation). ... , 1971 Mr. ... Paddington Station-Bronze of Paddington Bear Paddington Bear is a fictional character in childrens literature. ...

The original Plasticine factory was destroyed by fire in 1963 and replaced by a modern building. The Harbutt company continued to produce Plasticine in Bathampton until 1983. It is still manufactured today, but in smaller quantities, and is marketed once more as an art material.

Uses

Plasticine is used in animation, one of its main exponents being Nick Park who used characters modelled in Plasticine to win Oscars for his short films The Wrong Trousers (1992) and A Close Shave (1995). This technique is known as claymation, and is a form of stop motion animation. Plasticine is appealing to animators because it can be used with ease: it is moldable enough to create a character, flexible enough to allow that character to move in many ways, and dense enough that it can retain its shape easily when combined with a wire armature. Nicholas Wulstan Park, CBE (b. ... The Wrong Trousers is a 1993 animated film directed by Nick Park at Aardman Animations in Bristol, featuring his characters Wallace and Gromit. ... A Close Shave is a 1995 animated film directed by Nick Park at Aardman Animations in Bristol, featuring his characters Wallace and Gromit. ... The term Claymation is a registered trademark created by Will Vinton Studios to describe their clay animated movies; the more generic term is clay animation, but the portmanteau claymation has entered the English language as a genericized trademark. ... Armature for a classical pose of a figure holding a lyre. ...

Plasticine is also used in party games such as Cranium, Rapidough and Barbarossa. Trivial Pursuit is a popular party game. ... Craniumâ„¢ is a party board game, invented by Whit Alexander and Richard Tait in 1998 and manufactured by Cranium, Inc. ... This article is about the board game. ...

A similar product, "Kunst-Modellierton" (known as Plastilin), was invented by Franz Kolb of Munich, Germany in 1880. This product is still available, known as "Münchner Künstler Plastilin" (Munich artists' plasticine). Franz Kolb was a German pharmacien and the inventor of the modelling paste Plastilin. ... For other uses, see Munich (disambiguation). ...

See also

• Milliput
• Sculpey
• Play-Doh
• Stop Motion

There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Sculpey (often misspelled as Sculpy) is the brand name for a type of polymer clay that can be molded and put into a conventional oven to harden, as opposed to typical modelling clays, which require a much hotter oven, such as a kiln. ... Green Play-Doh with can and accessory toy Play-Doh is a commercial plastic modeling compound similar in texture to bread dough that has been sold as a childrens toy around the world for a half century. ... Stop motion is an animation technique which makes things that are static appear to be moving. ...

External links

• Animated history of Plasticine
• Discussion on plasticine recipes