NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Platt Amendment

The Platt Amendment was a rider amended to the Army Appropriations Act, a United States federal law passed on March 2, 1901 that stipulated the conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba since the Spanish-American War, and defined the terms of Cuban-U.S. relations until 1934. Formulated by the U.S. Secretary of War Elihu Root, the amendment was presented to the Senate by, and named for, Connecticut Republican Senator Orville H. Platt (1827-1905). It replaced the earlier Teller Amendment. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... In legislative practice, a rider is an additional provision annexed to a bill under the consideration of a legislative assembly, having little connection with the subject-matter of the bill. ... The United States Code (U.S.C.) is a compilation and codification of the general and permanent federal Law of the United States. ... March 2 is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Combatants United States Republic of Cuba Philippine Republic Spain Commanders Nelson A. Miles William R. Shafter George Dewey MÃ¡ximo GÃ³mez Emilio Aguinaldo Patricio Montojo Pascual Cervera Casualties 3,289 U.S. dead (432 from combat); considerably higher although undetermined Cuban and Filipino casualties Unknown[1] The Spanishâ€“American... The Secretary of War was a member of the United States Presidents Cabinet, beginning with George Washingtons administration. ... Elihu Root Elihu Root (February 15, 1845 â€“ February 7, 1937) was an American lawyer and statesman, the son of Oren Root and Nancy Whitney Buttrick. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... The Republican Party, often called the GOP (for Grand Old Party, although one early citation described it as the Gallant Old Party) [1], is one of the two major political parties in the United States. ... Seal of the U.S. Senate Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal Senate composition following 2006 elections The United States Senate is... Orville Hitchcock Platt (July 19, 1827 - April 21, 1905) was a United States Senator from Connecticut. ... The Teller Amendment was an amendment to a joint resolution of the United States Congress, enacted on April 19, 1898, in reply to President McKinleys War Message. ...

The amendment ceded to to to to the United States the naval base in Cuba (Guantánamo Bay), stipulated that Cuba would not transfer Cuban land to any power other than the United States, mandated that Cuba would contract no foreign debt without guarantees that the interest could be served from ordinary revenues, ensured U.S. intervention in Cuban affairs when the United States deemed necessary, prohibited Cuba from negotiating treaties with any country other than the United States "which will impair or tend to impair the independence of Cuba" or "permit any foreign power or powers to obtain ... lodgement in or control over any portion" of Cuba, and provided for a formal treaty detailing all the foregoing provisions. For other titular locales, see GuantÃ¡namo (disambiguation). ... ). External debt is the part of a countrys debt owed to creditors outside the country. ...

Later in 1901, under U.S. pressure, Cuba included the amendment's provisions in its constitution. After U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt withdrew federal troops from the island in 1902, Cuba signed the Cuban-American Treaty (1903), which outlined U.S. power in Cuba and the Caribbean. Tomás Estrada Palma, who had earlier favored outright annexation of Cuba by the United States, became president on May 20, 1902. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... This article is about the office in the United States. ... Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. ... The Cuban-American treaty was signed on February 16, 1903 by the President of Cuba and on February 23, 1903 by the President of the United States. ... TomÃ¡s Estrada Palma (1835 - 1908) was a Cuban political figure, [[1]]. He served as the first president of Cuba between 1902 and 1906. ... May 20 is the 140th day of the year (141st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Following acceptance of the amendment, the United States ratified a tariff pact that gave Cuban sugar preference in the U.S. market and protection to selected U.S. products in the Cuban market. As a result of U.S. action, sugar production came into complete domination of the Cuban economy, while Cuban domestic consumption was integrated into the larger market of the United States. A tariff is a tax on foreign goods. ... Magnification of grains of sugar, showing their monoclinic hemihedral crystalline structure. ...

Except for U.S. rights to Guantánamo Bay, the Platt Amendment provisions, which many Cubans considered to be an imperialist infringement of their sovereignty,^[1] were repealed in 1934, when a new treaty with the United States was negotiated as a part of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's "Good Neighbor policy" toward Latin America. The long-term lease of Guantánamo Bay still continues, and according to the treaty that right can only be revoked by the consent of both parties. The Cuban government strongly denounces the treaty on grounds that article 52 of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties declares a treaty void if its conclusion has been procured by the threat or use of force. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Sovereignty is the exclusive right to exercise supreme political (e. ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882–April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States, the longest-serving holder of the office and the only man to be elected President more than twice, was one of the central figures of 20th century history. ... The Good Neighbor policy was the policy of the United States Administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in relation to Latin America and Europe during 1933-45. ... The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (or VCLT), adopted on May 22, 1969 and opened for signature on May 23, 1969, codified the pre-existing customary international law on treaties, with some necessary gap-filling and clarifications. ...

See also

Image File history File links Flag_of_Cuba. ... Cuba and the United States of America have had a mutual interest in one another since well before either of their independence movements. ...

External links

Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... The original Wikisource logo. ...

References

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Cuba-United States relations

Bay of Pigs Invasion • Brothers to the Rescue • Cuban American • Cuban-American lobby • Cuban Five • Cuban Missile Crisis • Elián González • Guantanamo Bay Naval Base • Helms-Burton Act • List of Cuba-US aircraft hijackings • Luis Posada Carriles • Mariel boatlift • Opposition to Fidel Castro • Platt Amendment • Spanish-American War • United States embargo against Cuba • United States Interests Section in Havana • United States Ambassadors to Cuba • Image File history File links Flag_of_Cuba. ... Cuba and the United States of America have had a mutual interest in one another since well before either of their independence movements. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Combatants Cubans trained by Soviet advisers Cuban exiles trained by the United States Commanders Fidel Castro JosÃ© RamÃ³n FernÃ¡ndez Francisco Ciutat de Miguel Grayston Lynch Pepe San Roman Erneido Oliva Strength 51,000 1,500 Casualties various estimates; over 1,600 dead (Triay p. ... Brothers to the Rescue (Spanish: Hermanos al Rescate) is a Miami-based organization headed by JosÃ© Basulto. ... A Cuban-American is an immigrant to the United States from Cuba. ... The Cuban-American lobby is a general term for the various groups largely made up by Cuban emigrants to the USA and their descendants who pressure the U.S. government over its policy toward Cuba. ... This poster from a Swedish-Cuban friendship organization says: Free the 5 Cubans, political prisoners in the USA The Cuban Five are Gerardo HernÃ¡ndez, Antonio Guerrero, RamÃ³n LabaÃ±ino, Fernando GonzÃ¡les, and RenÃ© GonzÃ¡les. ... President Kennedy leans over the table in a crowded Cabinet Room during the Cuban Missile Crisis. ... EliÃ¡n GonzÃ¡lez reunited with his father EliÃ¡n GonzÃ¡lez (born December 6, 1993) was at the center of a heated custody and immigration battle in 2000 involving the Cuban and United States governments, his father, his Miami and Cuban relatives, and the Cuban American community of Miami. ... For other titular locales, see GuantÃ¡namo (disambiguation). ... The Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (Libertad) Act of 1996 (better known as the Helms-Burton Act) is a United States federal law which strengthens and continues the United States embargo against Cuba. ... Aircraft hijacking incidents between the United States and Cuba reached their peak in 1969. ... Arrest photograph of Luis Posada Carriles Luis Clemente Faustino Posada Carriles (born February 15, 1928) is a Cuban-born Venezuelan terrorist. ... Cuban refugees arriving in crowded boats during the Mariel Boatlift crisis. ... Or Opposition to a Participatory Democracy (of Only Party) created by the Popular Socialist Revolution, named The Cuban Revolution The Opposition to Fidel Castros Cuban government is largely unofficial and illegal within Cuba due to the political system led by Fidel Castro being a one party state. ... Combatants United States Republic of Cuba Philippine Republic Spain Commanders Nelson A. Miles William R. Shafter George Dewey MÃ¡ximo GÃ³mez Emilio Aguinaldo Patricio Montojo Pascual Cervera Casualties 3,289 U.S. dead (432 from combat); considerably higher although undetermined Cuban and Filipino casualties Unknown[1] The Spanishâ€“American... Billboards carrying messages attacking the United States government (this one compares it with fascism) can be seen all over Cuba. ... The United States Interests Section of the Embassy of Switzerland in Havana, Cuba or USINT Havana (for the State Department telegraphic address) represents US interests in Cuba. ... This is a list of United States ambassadors to Cuba. ...