Daniel Berrigan at College of the Holy Cross, September 28, 2005.

Daniel Berrigan (born May 9, 1921) is an internationally renowned peace activist and Roman Catholic priest. Daniel and his brother Philip performed non-violent actions against war and were for a time on the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list. Image File history File linksMetadata Daniel_berrigan. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Daniel_berrigan. ... May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (130th in leap years). ... 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... A peace activist is a political activist who strives for peace, and against war. ... This article considers Catholicism in the broadest ecclesiastical sense. ... Philip Berrigan Philip Berrigan (October 5, 1923 – December 6, 2002) was an internationally renowned peace activist, Christian anarchist and former Roman Catholic priest. ... Nonviolence (or non-violence) is a set of assumptions about morality, power and conflict that leads its proponents to reject the use of violence in efforts to attain social or political goals. ... On March 14, 1950, the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) began its Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list to increase law enforcements ability to capture dangerous fugitives. ...

History

Daniel Berrigan was born in Virginia, Minnesota, a Midwestern working class town. His father, Thomas Berrigan, was second-generation Irish-Catholic and proud Union man. Tom left the Catholic Church, but Berrigan remained attracted to the Church throughout his youth. He joined a strict Jesuit seminary directly out of high school, where he spent the next twenty years studying theology. Virginia is a city located in St. ... The Midwest is a common name for a region of the United States of America. ... The term working class is used to denote a social class. ... A union (labor union in American English; trade union, sometimes trades union, in British English; either labour union or trade union in Canadian English) is a legal entity consisting of employees or workers having a common interest, such as all the assembly workers for one employer, or all the workers... The Society of Jesus (Latin: Societas Iesu), commonly known as the Jesuits, is a Roman Catholic religious order. ... A seminary is a specialized university-like institution for the purpose of instructing students in religion, often in order to prepare them to become members of the clergy. ... Theology is reasoned discourse concerning God (Greek θεος, theos, God, + λογος, logos, word or reason). It can also refer to the study of other religious topics. ...

Protests against the War in Vietnam

Daniel Berrigan, his brother Philip Berrigan, and the famed Trappist monk Thomas Merton founded an interfaith coalition against the Vietnam War, and wrote letters to major newspapers arguing for an end to the war. Philip Berrigan Philip Berrigan (October 5, 1923 – December 6, 2002) was an internationally renowned peace activist, Christian anarchist and former Roman Catholic priest. ... Trappist can refer to: a religious order - see Trappists some of the products, made by the order - see Trappist beer This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... A Roman Catholic monk A monk is a person who practices monasticism, adopting a strict religious and ascetic lifestyle, usually in community with others following the same path. ... Thomas Merton (January 31, 1915 – December 10, 1968) was an American Trappist monk and author, born in Prades in the Pyrénées-Orientales département of France. ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) United States of America South Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand the Philippines Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) National Liberation Front (Viet Cong) Strength ~1,200,000 (1968) ~420,000 (1968) Casualties South Vietnamese dead: 1,250,000+ US dead: 58,226 US wounded...

In 1969, Philip Berrigan was arrested for non-violent protest actions and sentenced to six years in prison. Afterwards, Daniel Berrigan seriously considered taking more direct action against the war. Howard Zinn, professor emeritus at Boston University, invited Berrigan to accompany him on a trip to Hanoi to negotiate the release of three [U.S.] pilots held prisoner by the North Vietnamese. Although the mission had a high chance of success, it was opposed by the FBI on the grounds that it violated their policy of non-negotiation with North Vietnam. J. Edgar Hoover went so far as to publicly call Zinn and Berrigan "traitors". U.S. planes even bombed locations where they were scheduled to be. Despite the opposition, three pilots were returned home. They were the first American POWs released unharmed by the North Vietnamese. The lack of acknowledgement and appreciation by the U.S. government helped to radicalize Berrigan. 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... Howard Zinn Howard Zinn (born August 24, 1922) is a U.S. historian and political scientist, and the author of 20 books. ... (For the unrelated similarly-named Jesuit-associated university in Chestnut Hill, see Boston College. ... Hanoi (Vietnamese: Quốc Ngữ Hà Nội; Chữ Nôm 河内), estimated population 3,083,800 (2004), is the capital of Vietnam and was the capital of North Vietnam from 1954 to 1976. ... The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN), or less commonly, Vietnamese Democratic Republic (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa), also known as North Vietnam, was proclaimed by Ho Chi Minh in Hanoi, September 2nd1945 and was recognized by the Peoples Republic of China and the... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a Federal police force which is the principal investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ... Hoover in 1961 John Edgar Hoover (January 1, 1895 – May 2, 1972) was the founder of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in its present form and its director from May 10, 1924 until his death in 1972. ... Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ...

In 1969, Berrigan decided to participate in a more radical non-violent protest. A local high-school physics teacher helped to concoct homemade napalm. Nine activists, who later became known as the Catonsville Nine, walked into the draft board of Catonsville, Maryland, and removed 378 draft files, which they brought outside and burned. The Catonsville Nine, who were all Catholic, issued a statement: 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... Secondary education - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... A Superconductor demonstrating the Meissner Effect. ... A teachers room in a Japanese middle school, 2005. ... A napalm airstrike during the Vietnam War Napalm, or jellied gasoline, is a flammable liquid fuel weapon invented in 1942. ... The Catonsville Nine were nine Roman Catholics who burned draft files to protest the Vietnam War. ... Catonsville is a census-designated place located in Baltimore County, Maryland. ... Official language(s) None Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 42nd 32,160 km² 145 km 400 km 21 37°53N to 39°43N 75°4W to 79°33W Population  - Total (2000)  - Density Ranked 19th 5,296,486 165...

"We confront the Catholic Church, other Christian bodies, and the synagogues of America with their silence and cowardice in the face of our country's crimes. We are convinced that the religious bureaucracy in this country is racist, is an accomplice in this war, and is hostile to the poor."

Berrigan was arrested and was sentenced to three years in prison, but he refused to serve his time. Instead, he went underground, living discreetly among like-minded individuals. The FBI, to its great embarrassment, was not immediately able to apprehend Berrigan, although he frequently showed up briefly at public events, made impromptu speeches, and went back into hiding. During this time Berrigan was also interviewed for a documentary titled "The Holy Outlaw," by Lee Lockwood. The name Catholic Church can mean a visible organization that refers to itself as Catholic, or the invisible Christian Church, viz. ... It has been suggested that Racism in Mass Media be merged into this article or section. ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a Federal police force which is the principal investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ...

Eventually, the FBI managed to find and arrest Berrigan. He was released from prison in 1972. 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1972 calendar). ...

The Plowshares Movement

On September 9, 1980, Berrigan, his brother Philip, and six others (the "Plowshares Eight") began the Plowshares Movement when they entered the General Electric Nuclear Missile Re-entry Division in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania where nose cones for the Mark 12A warheads were made. They hammered on two nose cones, poured blood on documents and offered prayers for peace. They were arrested and initially charged with over ten different felony and misdemeanor counts. On April 10, 1990, after nearly ten years of trials and appeals, the Plowshares Eight were re-sentenced and paroled for up to 23 and 1/2 months in consideration of time already served in prison. September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years). ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... Daniel Berrigan (Born May 9, 1921) is an internationally renowned peace activist and Roman Catholic priest. ... The General Electric Company, or GE (NYSE: GE) is a multinational technology and services company. ... King of Prussia is an unincorporated community located in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. ... April 10 is the 100th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (101st in leap years). ... This article is about the year. ... Parole can have different meanings depending on the context. ...

Since this action over seventy Ploughshares actions have taken place around the world against weapons of war, several involving Berrigan himself.

Other activism

Berrigan has spoken out on many issues since then, and has been involved in many protests. He has led protests against American destabilization of Central America, the 1991 Gulf War, the Kosovo War of 1999, the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan, and the 2003 invasion of Iraq. He is also a prominent anti-abortion activist. Map of Central America Central America is an area of the American continent in the Western Hemisphere. ... Combatants U.S.-led coalition Iraq Commanders Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr. ... The term Kosovo War or Kosovo Conflict is often used to describe two sequential and at times parallel armed conflicts (a civil war followed by an international war) in the southern Serbian province called Kosovo (officially Kosovo and Metohia), part of the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. ... Combatants al-Qaeda, Taliban Northern Alliance, United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, France, New Zealand, Italy, Germany Commanders Mohammed Omar Osama bin Laden Tommy Franks Mohammed Fahim Strength Casualties {{{notes}}} The United States invasion of Afghanistan occurred in October 2001, in the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks on... Combatants Coalition Forces (United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Poland) Iraq Commanders Tommy Franks Saddam Hussein Strength 263,000 375,000 The 2003 Invasion of Iraq began on March 20 and consisted mainly of United States and United Kingdom forces. ... The morality and legality of abortion is a highly controversial issue in the United States and United Kingdom —abortion referring to both the separate act as well as the social sanction for the practice of terminating the life of a fetal being While the abortion debate is typically within the...

Further reading

Berrigan later wrote the play The Trial of the Catonsville Nine, which ran on Broadway for 29 performances in 1971 and was made into a movie in 1972. 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1971 calendar). ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1972 calendar). ...

Berrigan also wrote many books, including Words Our Savior Gave Us (1978, ISBN 0872430812); Prison Poems (1982, ISBN 0877750491); Hole in the Ground: A Parable for Peacemakers (1987, ISBN 0961900318); And the Risen Bread: Selected Poems (1997, ISBN 082321821X); Daniel: Under the Siege of the Divine(1998, ISBN 0874869528); and Uncommon Prayer: A Book of Psalms (1998, ISBN 1570751935). Absurd Convictions, Modest Hopes. Geography of Faith. Time Without Number (won the Lamant Prize). Night Flight to Hanoi. Trial Writings (with Tom Lewis). 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ... 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII in Roman) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ...

Swords into Plowshares: A chronology of plowshares disarmament actions 1980-2003 Edited by Arthur J. Laffin (2003, ISBN 0-9636224-8-X); 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Awards and recognition

• 1974 War Resisters League Peace Award
• 1988 Thomas Merton Award
• Pacem in Terris Award
• 1989 Pax Christi USA Pope Paul VI Teacher of Peace Award
• The song "I Had No Right" by Dar Williams is about Berrigan and his trial.

See, too, Murray Polner and Jim O'Grady, "Disarmed and Dangerous: The Radical Life and Times of Daniel and Philip Berrigan," (Basic Books, 1997) and Westview (1998. Since 1958, the War Resisters League Peace Award has been awarded by the 1923 founded organization War Resisters League. The organization stipulates nonviolence in the sense of Mahatma Gandhi. ... The Thomas Merton Award has been awarded since 1972 by the Thomas Merton Center for Peace and Social Justice in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. It is named after Thomas Merton and is given annually to national and international individuals struggling for justice. ... The Pacem in Terris Award has been awarded annually since 1964 in commemoration of the Encyclical Pacem in Terris of Pope John XXIII by Davenport (Iowa) Diocese. ... The Pope Paul VI Teacher of Peace Award is given out annually by the organization Pax Christi USA, a Catholic peace organization, to an individual who has exlemplified Pope Paul VIs World Day for Peace message: To reach peace, teach peace. ... Dar Williams (full name Dorothy Snowden Williams, born April 19, 1967) is an American singer-songwriter specializing in what can be described as folk-pop. She frequents folk festivals across the nation, such, as the Falcon Ridge Folk Festival in Hillsdale, New York. ...

See also

• Christian anarchism

Christian anarchism (also known as Christian libertarianism) is the belief that the only source of authority to which Christians are ultimately answerable is God, embodied in the teachings of Jesus. ...

External links

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Daniel Berrigan

• Ploughshares Movement Chronology