NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Poecilostomatoida

Poecilostomatoida are plankton-sized crustaceans that are one of two major orders of parasitic copepods previously included in the Cyclopoida.^[1]^[2] This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Classes & Subclasses Branchiopoda Phyllopoda Sarsostraca Remipedia Cephalocarida Maxillopoda Thecostraca Tantulocarida Branchiura Pentastomida Mystacocarida Copepoda Ostracoda Myodocopa Podocopa Malacostraca Phyllocarida Hoplocarida Eumalacostraca The crustaceans (Crustacea) are a large group of arthropods, comprising approximately 52,000 described species [1], and are usually treated as a subphylum [2].They include various familiar animals... Scientific classification or biological classification refers to how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... A parasite is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life in or on the living tissue of a host organism and which causes harm to the host without immediately killing it. ... Orders Calanoida Cyclopoida Gelyelloida Harpacticoida Misophrioida Monstrilloida Mormonilloida Platycopioida Poecilostomatoida Siphonostomatoida Copepods are a group of small crustaceans found in the sea and nearly every freshwater habitat. ... Families Archinotodelphyidae Ascidicolidae Buproridae Chordeumiidae Cucumaricolidae Cyclopidae Cyclopinidae Fratiidae Lernaeidae Mantridae Notodelphyidae Oithonidae Ozmanidae Speleoithonidae Thaumatopsyllidae (From ) Cyclopoida is an order of small crustaceans from the subclass Copepoda. ...

The classification of these copepods has been established on the basis of the structure of the mouth. In poecilostomatoids the mouth is represented by a transverse slit, partially covered by the overhanging labrum which resembles an upper lip. Although there is variability in the form of the mandible among poecilostomatoids, it can be generalized as being falcate (sickle-shaped).^[1]^[2] A labrum (Latin for lip) is the large vessel of a warm bath in the Roman thermae. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with jaw. ... Using a sickle A Adam is a curved, hand-held agricultural tool typically used for harvesting grain crops before the advent of modern harvesting machinery. ...

The antennules frequently are reduced in size and the antennae modified to terminate in small hooks or claws that are used in attachment to host organisms.^[1]^[2] Insects display a wide variety of antennal shapes. ... In biology, antenna (plural: antennae) refers to the sensing organs of several arthropods. ...

As with many crustaceans, larval development is metamorphic with immature forms differing greatly from those of adults. Embryos are carried in paired or single sacs attached to first abdominal somite (as seen in the illustration of the female Sapphirina darwinii above right).^[3]^[4] Orders Calanoida Cyclopoida Gelyelloida Harpacticoida Misophrioida Monstrilloida Mormonilloida Platycopioida Poecilostomatoida Siphonostomatoida Copepods are a group of small crustaceans found in the sea and nearly every freshwater habitat. ... A larva (Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of animal with indirect development, undergoing metamorphosis (for example, insects or amphibians). ... Transformation, or changing shape, from the Greek prefix meta-, equivalent to the English prefix trans-, and morph, meaning form. ...

Most poecilostomatoid copepods are ectoparasites of saltwater fish or invertebrates (including among the latter mollusks and echinoderms). They usually attach to the external surface of the host, in the throat-mouth cavity, or the gills.^[1]^[2]^[5]^[6] A parasite is an organism that lives in or on the living tissue of a host organism at the expense of that host. ... For information on water from a sea or ocean, see sea water. ... A giant grouper at the Georgia Aquarium Fish are aquatic vertebrates that are typically cold-blooded; covered with scales, and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. ... Invertebrate is a term coined by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck to describe any animal without a spinal column. ... Classes Caudofoveata Aplacophora Polyplacophora - Chitons Monoplacophora Bivalvia - Bivalves Scaphopoda - Tusk shells Gastropoda - Snails and Slugs Cephalopoda - Squids, Octopuses, etc. ... Classes Asteroidea Blastoidea (extinct) Concentricycloidea Crinoidea Echinoidea Holothuroidea Ophiuroidea Echinoderms (Phylum Echinodermata, from the Greek for spiny skin) are a phylum of marine animals found at all depths. ... gills of a Smooth Newt Gills inside of a tuna head In aquatic organisms, gills are a respiratory organ for the extraction of oxygen from water and for the excretion of carbon dioxide. ...

One family of poecilostomatoid copepods, however, have evolved an endoparasitic mode of life and live deep within their hosts' bodies rather than merely attaching themselves to exterior and semi-exterior surface tissue.^[1]^[2] A parasite is an organism that lives in or on the living tissue of a host organism at the expense of that host. ... Look up Tissue on Wiktionary, the free dictionary The word tissue has several meanings: Aerial tissu is an acrobatic art form, and is one of the circus arts. ...

In addition to typical marine environments, poecilostomatoid copepods may be found in such very particular habitats as anchialine caves and deep sea vents (both hydrothermal vents and cold seeps). Here, many primitive associated copepods belonging to the orders Poecilostomatoida and Siphonostomatoida and have been found.^[6] Look up habitat in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Hydrothermal vents are fissures in a planets surface from which geothermally heated water issues. ... Tubeworms, soft corals and chemosynthetic mussels at a seep located 3,000 metres down on the Florida Escarpment. ... Families There are 45 families: Artotrogidae Ascomyzontidae Asterocheridae Brychiopontiidae Caligidae Calverocheridae Calvocheridae Cancerillidae Catlaphilidae Cecropidae Choniostomatidae Dichelesthiidae Dinopontiidae Dirivultidae Dissonidae Dyspontiidae Entomolepidae Eudactylinidae Euryphoridae Hatschekiidae Herpyllobiidae Hyponeoidae Kroyeriidae Lernaeoceridae Lernaeopodidae Lernanthropidae Megapontiidae Micropontiidae Myzopontiidae Nanaspididae Naobranchiidae Nicothoidae Pandaridae Pennellidae Pontoeciellidae Pseudocycnidae Rataniidae Saccopsidae Sphyriidae Spongiocnizontidae Stellicomitidae Tanypleuridae Trebiidae Ventriculinidae Xenocoelomatidae...

Finally, representatives of one Poecilostomatoida family have successfully made the transition to freshwater habitats and the host animals therein.^[1]^[2] For the village on the Isle of Wight, see Freshwater, Isle of Wight. ...

List of families

There are over sixty families currently recognized within the group:^[7] In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is 1) a rank or 2) a taxon in that rank. ...

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Humes, A. G. & G. A. Boxshall (1996). A revision of the lichomolgoid complex (Copepoda: Poecilostomatoida), with the recognition of six new families. Journal of Natural History 30: 175–227.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Martin, J. W. & Davis, G. E. (2001). An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 132 pp..
^ Lowry, J. K. (1999-10-02). Crustacea, the Higher Taxa: Description, Identification, and Information Retrieval.
^ Introduction to Copepods. University of Connecticut.:

The possession of egg sacs is probably not the ancestral condition of the Copepoda since several important groups lack true egg sacs. However, most of the highly transformed parasitic copepods that lack recognisable appendages and external body segmentation belong to the orders Siphonostomatoida, Poecilostomatoida and Cyclopoida all three of which primitively possessed paired egg sacs. The presence of such paired egg sacs constitutes another extremely useful character in identifying secondarily simplified parasites as copepods. This criterion is not infallible because egg sacs are secondarily lost in some highly derived parasitic genera, such as Pectenophilus Nagasawa, an internal parasite of scallops. 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... October 2 is the 275th day (276th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 90 days remaining. ... It has been suggested that Torrey Life Science be merged into this article or section. ... Genera See text. ...
^ Dojiri, Masahiro. Revision of the Taeniacanthidae (Copepoda–Poecilostomatoida) parasitic on fishes and sea urchins.
^ ^a ^b Introduction to Copepods. University of Connecticut.
^ Poecilostomatoida. Tree of Life Web Project (2002-01-01).

List of families GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

References

List of families