|
In typography, a point is the smallest unit of measure, being a subdivision of the larger pica. It is commonly abbreviated as pt. The traditional printer's point, from the era of hot metal typesetting and presswork, varied between 0.18 and 0.4 mm depending on various definitions of the foot. Dot can refer to several different characters: full stop, or period, primarily used in writing to end a sentence. ...
In typography, a grapheme is the atomic unit in written language. ...
For other uses, see Full stop (disambiguation). ...
An interpunct · is a small dot used for interword separation in ancient Latin script, being perhaps the first consistent visual representation of word boundaries in written language. ...
The decimal separator is used to mark the boundary between the integer and the fractional parts of a decimal numeral. ...
Point can refer to: Look up Point in Wiktionary, the free dictionary // Mathematics In mathematics: Point (geometry), an entity that has a location in space but no extent Fixed point (mathematics), a point that is mapped to itself by a mathematical function Point at infinity Point group Point charge, an...
A specimen of roman typefaces by William Caslon Typography is the art and techniques of type design, modifying type glyphs, and arranging type. ...
Typographic units are the units of measurement used in typography or typesetting. ...
A pica (pronounced PIKE-ah, SAMPA /paIk@/) is a unit of measure traditionally used in document layout. ...
This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
The printing press is a mechanical device for printing many copies of a text on rectangular sheets of paper. ...
A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ...
A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ...
Today, the traditional point has been supplanted by the desktop publishing point (also called the PostScript point), which has been rounded to an even 72 points to the inch (1 point = 127 / 360 mm = 0.3527 mm). In either system, there are 12 points to the pica. For the literary term, see Postscript. ...
An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, ″ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ...
French printer's points - See French units of measurement for the definitions of the units used in this section.
A French law of 1799 defined the metre to be exactly 443.296 French lines — or 3 French feet, 0 French inches and 11.296 French lines. The Pied du Roi, or French Royal foot, is exactly 9 000 / 27 706 metres, or about 0.324 839 385 m. This value is used in the conversions below. In France, before the decimalised metric system of 1799, a well-defined old system existed, however with some local variants. ...
1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
This article is about the unit of length. ...
Truchet's point The modern typographic point was invented in France by the clergyman Sébastien Truchet (1657–1729). The size he chose was such that 1728 of these made one Pied du Roi — that is, 15 625 / 83 118 ≈ 0.187 985 755 2 mm.
Fournier's point Pierre Simon Fournier (1712–1768) used a typographic point of about 11 / 864 French Royal inches ≈ 0.345 mm. Fournier's point did not achieve lasting popularity. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
Didot's point François-Ambroise Didot (1730–1801) returned to Truchet's idea, but chose a size twice as large. Thus 864 of his points made one Pied du Roi — that is, 15 625 / 41 559 ≈ 0.375 971 510 4 mm. Didot is the name of a family of French printers and publishers. ...
This value — somewhat odd due to the divisor, which has the prime factorization 3 × 7 × 1979 — was not very flexible for use by typesetters and printers. Though the general size of the Didot point continued to be preferred to that of Truchet, several other printers each chose his or her own value for the point. These are compared below: In mathematics, the integer prime-factorization (also known as prime decomposition) problem is this: given a positive integer, write it as a product of prime numbers. ...
- 0.376 065 mm (0.0249% larger than Didot's point) — the traditional value in European printers' offices
- 0.376 000 mm (0.0076% larger) — used by Hermann Berthold (1831–1904) and many others
- 0.375 940 mm (0.0084% smaller) — Jan Tschichold (1902–1974), who used 266 points in 100 mm
- 0.375 000 mm (0.2584% smaller) — proposed in 1975, but never adopted
Note that the French National Print Office adopted a point of 0.4 mm exactly, and continues to use this measurement today. Titlepage for Typographische Gestaltung written and designed by Jan Tschichold using City Medium and Bodoni. ...
The Didot point has been replaced by the DTP point in France and throughout the world.
Traditional American point system By the (Kasson) Metric Act of 1866 (Public Law 39-183), the U.S. Survey foot is 1 200 / 3 937 m. This is 0.0002% more than the Anglo-Saxon compromise foot of 1959, used below. - Nelson C. Hawks, in 1879, used a printer's foot of an Anglo-Saxon foot decreased by 0.375%. Therefore, the traditional ratio 7200 : 7227 (which reduces to 800 : 803) places Hawks' point at 0.013 837 inch, or about 0.351 46 mm.
- A second definition was proposed whereby there were exactly 996 printer's points in 350 mm, which made the printer's point about 0.013 848 867 inch ≈ 0.351 405 622 mm.
- Finally, Lawrence Johnson stated in a third definition of printer's foot that it should be 249 / 250 (Anglo-Saxon) foot. This means that the Johnson's typographical point — the later approved one — was 0.01383 inch, and was then converted by the 1959 value to 0.35136 mm.
In 1886, the Fifteenth Meeting of the Type Founders Association of the United States approved the so-called "Johnson pica" be adopted as the official standard. This makes the traditional American printer's foot measure 11.952 inches, or 303.5808 mm exactly, giving a point size of approximately 1/72.27 of an inch, or 0.3515 mm. Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ...
This is the size of the point in the TeX computer typesetting system by Donald Knuth, which predates PostScript slightly. Thus the latter unit is commonly called the TeX point. TeX (IPA: as in Greek, often in English; written with a lowercase e in imitation of the logo) is a typesetting system created by Donald Knuth. ...
Donald Ervin Knuth ( or Ka-NOOTH[1], Chinese: [2]) (b. ...
Like the French Didot point, the traditional American printer's point was replaced in the 1980s by the current computer-based DTP point system.
Current DTP point system The desk-top publishing point (DTP point) is defined as 1/72 of the anglo-saxon compromise inch of 1959 (25.4 mm), it is approximately 0.0139 inch or 0.3528 mm. Twelve points make up a pica, and six picas make an inch. An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, ″ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ...
The point is the standard unit for measuring font size and leading and other minute items on a printed page. This system was notably promoted by John Warnock and Charles Geschke, the inventors of Adobe PostScript, and therefore it is sometimes also called PostScript point. “Font†redirects here. ...
In typography, leading (IPA , rhymes with heading) refers to the amount of added vertical spacing between lines of type. ...
John Warnock John Warnock (b. ...
Charles Geschke Charles M. Chuck Geschke (b. ...
Adobe Systems (pronounced a-DOE-bee IPA: ) (NASDAQ: ADBE) (LSE: ABS) is an American computer software company headquartered in San Jose, California, USA. Adobe was founded in December 1982[1] by John Warnock and Charles Geschke, who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell...
For the literary term, see Postscript. ...
In metal type, the point size of the font described the size (height) of the metal body on which the typeface's characters were cast. In digital type, the body is now an imaginary design space, but is used as the basis from which the type is scaled (see em). “Font†redirects here. ...
“Font†redirects here. ...
An em is a unit of measurement in the field of typography, equal to the pt size of the current font. ...
A measurement in picas is usually represented by placing a lower case p after the number, such as "10p" means "10 picas". Points are represented by placing the number of points after the p, such as 0p5 for "5 points," 6p2 for "6 picas and 2 points", or 1p1 for "13 points" which is converted to a mixed fraction of 1 pica and 1 point. (An alternate nomenclature is described in the pica article.) A pica (pronounced PIKE-ah, SAMPA /paIk@/) is a unit of measure traditionally used in document layout. ...
A pica (pronounced PIKE-ah, SAMPA /paIk@/) is a unit of measure traditionally used in document layout. ...
See also A pica (pronounced PIKE-ah, SAMPA /paIk@/) is a unit of measure traditionally used in document layout. ...
External links |
Feeds |
Contact