Certain political parties or positions have become associated with different colours at different times.

Colours

• Black is primarily associated with anarchism (see anarchist symbolism).
  • In the countries with a history of anti-clericalism in Europe and elsewhere in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the officials of the Catholic Church, because their vestments are often black, were called the Black International.
  • In Germany, it is the colour of Christian democrats, along with orange.
  • Black is sometimes associated with fascism (see blackshirts)
  • In the Islamic world, black flags (often with a white shahada) are sometimes used by Islamist groups.

• Blue, particularly dark blue, is often associated with Conservative parties, originating from its use by that party of the UK.
  • Light blue (azure) is used for the field of the flag of the United Nations. Though it was idealistically chosen to represent peace and hope, one use of the colour has appeared that refers to dealings with the UN in realpolitik terms, namely bluewashing. In politics, light blue is often attributed to liberalism in the same way the dark blue is the colour of political conservatism.
  • However, for much of the nineteenth century, the 'blues' in both France and Italy were moderate reforming conservatives, while the absolutist monarchists were whites.
  • Another anomaly is that, in the USA, since the 2000 presidential election, blue is associated with the liberal Democratic Party instead of the conservative Republican Party (see red state vs. blue state divide) [1].
  • In 2006, students of the prestigious Jesuit-run university in the Philippines, the Ateneo de Manila University, began wearing blue shirts on which was written "Blue: The New Color of the Revolution." Blue is the school colour.

• Brown has been associated with working class Nazism, because the Sturmabteilung (commonly known as the SA) were called "brownshirts". In Europe and elsewhere in the twentieth century, fascists were sometimes called the Brown International.

• Gray was chosen by the German political writer Paul de Lagarde as the symbol of liberals in the nineteenth-century sense (or current European one), which he called the Gray International.
  • Gray is also historically associated with the Confederate States of America because of the gray Confederate uniforms.

• Green is the colour for green parties worldwide.
  • Sea green was used as a symbol by members of the Levellers in 17th century Britain; for this reason, it is occasionally used to represent radical liberalism or libertarianism.
  • Green has sometimes also been linked to agrarian movements, such as the Populist Party in the US in the 1890s.
  • Green, considered the holy colour of Islam, is also used by some Islamists, such as Hamas.
• Orange is sometimes associated with Christian Democratic parties and sometimes various kinds of populistic parties. Such is the case in Germany, France, Switzerland, Finland, Hungary, Bolivia, Canada. Following the Ukrainian 'Orange Revolution', the colour has been used by groups and organizations in the Middle East, such as in Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt and Bahrain.
  • In the UK and Ireland orange is associated with Unionism and the Orange Order.
  • In The Netherlands orange is linked to various right-wing and monarchist parties, because of the name Orange of the royal house, and the national association with the colour.

• Red is traditional colour of socialism and communism, see Red flag.
  • In several Latin American countries, Red is associated with liberal parties.
  • In the United States since 2000, it is associated with the conservative Republican Party.

• White has been linked to pacifism (as in the surrender flag) and to independent politicians like Martin Bell.
  • Historically, it was associated with support for absolutist monarchists, first for supporters of the Bourbon dynasty of France, because it was the dynasty's colour. Later it was used by the Czarist Whites in the Russian Revolution of 1917, because their purpose was similar. In the civil war following the independence of Finland in 1917, white was used by the conservative and democratic forces which stood against the socialist red forces.
  • In Italy it is the colour, with red, of Catholic parties, because of the symbol of the blazon Argent, a cross Gules.

• In much of Europe, yellow is the colour associated with liberalism/libertarianism, including the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe and the Liberal Party.
  • Yellow is also associated with Judaism and the Jewish people (see also Yellow badge). In the nineteenth century in Europe, anti-Semites sometimes referred to Jews collectively as the Yellow International. This derives from the name of a German book, The Golden International.
  • Saffron is the colour used to represent Hindutva.^[1]

Black cat, thought by some to cause bad luck (see superstition) Black is the shade of objects that do not reflect light in any part of the visible spectrum. ... Anarchism is a political philosophy or group of doctrines and attitudes centered on rejection of any form of (compulsory) government (cf. ... This article discusses various anarchist symbols, including the circle-A and the black flag. ... Anti-clericalism is a historical movement that opposes religious (generally Catholic) institutional power and influence in all aspects of public and political life, and the encroachment of religion in the everyday life of the citizen. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The Blackshirts (Italian: camicie nere or squadristi) were Fascist paramilitary groups in Italy during the period immediately following World War I and until the end of World War II. The term was later applied to a similar group serving the British Union of Fascists before the War. ... There is also a town called Shāhāda, which is now in Nandurbār district (formerly in Dhule district) in the northwest corner of Maharashtra state in India. ... YOU SUCK!!!!! ... This article deals with conservatism as a political philosophy. ... The term Azure (from Persian لاژورد lazhward) can refer to any of the following: The blueish color of the sky. ... The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ... Realpolitik (German: real (realistic, practical or actual) and Politik (politics)) is a term that is synonomous to Machiavellianism and is used to describe politics based on strictly practical rather than ideological notions, and practiced without any sentimental illusions. Realpolitik is usually used pejoratively as a term to imply politics imposed... This article is considered orphaned, since there are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Liberalism is an ideology, philosophical view, and political tradition which holds that liberty is the primary political value. ... This article deals with conservatism as a political philosophy. ... White is the combination of all the colors of the visible light spectrum. ... Presidential electoral votes. ... The Democratic Party is one of the two major United States political parties. ... The Republican Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States of America, along with the Democratic Party. ... Map of results by state of the 2004 U.S. presidential election, representing states won by the Democrats as blue and those won by the GOP as red. ... The brown and orange disks of color are objectively identical, in identical gray surrounds, in this image; their perceived color categories depend on what white they are compared to. ... The seal of SA SA propaganda poster. ... Gray (Gy) is the derived SI unit for absorbed dose, specific energy and kerma (kinetic energy in matter). ... Paul Anton de Lagarde (2 November 1827 - 22 December 1891) was a German biblical scholar and orientalist. ... Look up liberal on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Liberal may refer to: Politics: Liberalism American liberalism, a political trend in the USA Political progressivism, a political ideology that is for change, often associated with liberal movements Liberty, the condition of being free from control or restrictions Liberal Party, members of... Motto Deo Vindice (Latin: Under God, Our Vindicator) Anthem (none official) God Save the South (unofficial) The Bonnie Blue Flag (unofficial) Dixie (unofficial) Capital Montgomery, Alabama (until May 29, 1861) Richmond, Virginia (May 29, 1861–April 2, 1865) Danville, Virginia (from April 3, 1865) Language(s) English (de facto) Religion... Mossy, green fountain in Wattens, Austria. ... Green parties around the world are formally organized political parties based on the principles of Green politics. ... Sea Green is a shade of green that resembles the sea floor. ... The Levellers were a mid 17th century English political movement, who came to prominence during the English Civil Wars. ... This article does not adequately cite its references. ... Agrarian has two meanings: It can mean pertaining to Agriculture It can also refer to the ideology of Agrarianism and Agrarian parties. ... The Peoples Party, Popular Party, or Populist Party, is any of several political parties claiming to speak for the people; see Populism. ... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... Islamism is a political ideology derived from the conservative religious views of Muslim fundamentalism. ... Hamas (Arabic: ; acronym: Arabic: , or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement,[1]) is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization. ... The orange, a fruit from which the modern name of the orange colour comes. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Christian Democratic Party (disambiguation). ... Look up Populism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Orange-clad supporters of Viktor Yushchenko gather in Independence Square in Kiev. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... Palestinian National Initiative (Arabic, al-Mubadara al-Wataniyya al-Filistiniyya) is a Palestinian political movement or party led by Dr. Mustafa Barghouti. ... Unionism, in the context of Ireland, is a belief in the continuation of the Act of Union 1800 (as amended by the Government of Ireland Act 1920) so that Northern Ireland (created by the 1920 Act) remains part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. ... Orange parade in Glasgow (1 June 2003) The Orange Institution, more commonly known as the Orange Order, is a Protestant fraternal organisation based predominantly in Northern Ireland and Scotland with lodges throughout the Commonwealth and in the United States. ... Motto: Je Maintiendrai (Dutch: Ik zal handhaven, English: I Shall Uphold) Anthem: Wilhelmus van Nassouwe Capital Amsterdam1 Largest city Amsterdam Official language(s) Dutch2 Government Parliamentary democracy Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Beatrix  - Prime minister Jan Peter Balkenende Independence Eighty Years War   - Declared July 26, 1581   - Recognised January 30, 1648 (by Spain... In politics, right-wing, the political right, or simply the right, are terms which refer, with no particular precision, to the segment of the political spectrum in opposition to left-wing politics. ... Monarchism is the advocacy of the establishment, preservation, or restoration of a monarchy. ... Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 625–750 nm. ... Socialism refers to a broad array of ideologies and movements which aim to improve society through collective and egalitarian action; and to a socio-economic system in which property and the distribution of wealth are subject to control by the community. ... Communism is an ideology that seeks to establish a classless, stateless social organization based on common ownership of the means of production. ... Historically, and most generally, the red flag is an international symbol for the blood of angry workers. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... The Republican Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States of America, along with the Democratic Party. ... White is the combination of all the colors of the visible light spectrum. ... Pacifism is the opposition to war or violence as a means of settling disputes. ... For the British skier of the same name, please see Martin Bell (skier). ... This article or section should include material from France: Wars of Religion - Bourbon Dynasty The House of Bourbon dates from at least the beginning of the 13th century, when the estate of Bourbon was ruled by a Lord, vassal of France. ... The White movement, whose military arm is known as the White Army (Белая Армия) or White Guard (Белая Гвардия, белогвардейц&#1099... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The Finnish declaration of independence was adopted by the Parliament of Finland on December 6, 1917. ... ==Criminal Life == AL-Hamad is a Homosexual petifile with 135. ... A yellow Tulip. ... Liberalism is an ideology, philosophical view, and political tradition which holds that liberty is the primary political value. ... This article does not adequately cite its references. ... ALDE logo The Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (French: Alliance des Démocrates et des Libéraux pour lEurope) is a Group in the European Parliament. ... This article is about the historic Liberal Party. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The word Jew (Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or a member of the Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ... Compulsory Jewish badge under the Nazi occupation of Europe: the Star of David with the word Jew inside (this one in German) A yellow badge, also referred to as a Jewish badge, was a mandatory mark or a piece of cloth of specific geometric shape, worn on the outer garment... Saffron is a shade of yellow resembling the spice saffron. ... For Veer Savarkars book Hindutva, see Hindutva. ...

Exceptions and variations

Notable exceptions and variations to the above colour schemes are:

• In Australia, the Australian Labor Party will typically use red, and the Liberal Party of Australia typically blue, however this does conform to the above colour scheme as the "liberal" party is in reality conservative and the ALP has historically identified itself as a social-democratic party. The use is essentially the same as the use of blue and red by the British Conservative and Labour Parties. The Australian Greens use green, while a green-and-gold combination is used both by the National Party of Australia and the Australian Democrats. The colours for the latter, however, are not ideological in nature, but are derived from the fact that Australia's national colours are green and gold.

• In Austria, the Social Democrats are traditionally branded red while the conservative Austrian People's Party is associated with black. The far-right nationalist Freedom Party of Austria is blue and the Green's colour is green.

• In Belgium, the Liberal Democrats (VLD and MR) are blue and the Christian Democrats (CD&V and CDH) are orange. The colour of the Flemish nationalists (N-VA) is yellow. No consistent colour is used for the right-wing nationalist Vlaams Belang, colour used in media or campaigns include white, purple, brown and yellow.

• In Canada, the official colour for the social-democratic New Democratic Party is orange, while the Liberal Party of Canada uses red, the Conservative Party of Canada uses blue, and the Bloc Québécois uses light blue.

• In Germany, the Social Democrats (SPD) are traditionally branded red while the conservative Christian Democrats (CDU) are black. The liberal Free Democratic Party is yellow, Alliance '90/The Greens are unsurprisingly green and the socialist Left Party.PDS are red. In East Germany, the youth association of the communist party used a blue flag. The Bavarian CSU, regional sister party of the CDU, uses light blue.

• In Mexico, the leftist PRD uses yellow. The Right-Wing PAN uses blue and white, the colours of the Virgin of Guadalupe, symbol of Mexican Catholicism.

• In the Netherlands, three parties use green; the centre-left D66 use light green and both the Christian Democrats (CDA) and the animal-rights party Partij voor de Dieren use a darker green. Additionally, Green Left uses both green and red to represent its blend of ecologism and leftism. There are two socialist parties, that use red, the PvdA (Labour) and [SP]] (Socialist Party). SP uses a brighter red, the colour of their logo, a tomato. PvdA uses the darker red of their logo, a stylised rose.

• In Northern Ireland, the Unionist parties in the Northern Ireland Assembly are called the "orange block" and the Nationalist parties are the "green block".

• In Portugal, the moderate conservatives (Social-Democrat Party, whose name may cause confusion, since it is not a traditional social-democrat party, but much more right-leaning) are orange and the socialists are pink.

• In Taiwan, the leading groups of parties are the more Chinese nationalist Pan-Blue Coalition and the more Taiwanese independence Pan-Green Coalition. The New Party uses yellow as its party colour even though its policies are conservative; the Democratic Progressive Party uses green even though its international alignment is with the Liberal International and not the Green parties.

• In the UK (excluding Northern Ireland), where electoral rosettes are commonly worn for campaigns, the Conservatives use dark blue; Labour, red; and the Liberal Democrats, yellow. The Labour Party has recently used bold red with yellow lettering in areas of majority Labour support but also more purple tones in marginal Conservative areas. With many other smaller parties choosing their own colour schemes, Independents unsurprisingly use white. Notably the single issue UK Independence Party has chosen to use the non-aligned colour purple with yellow.
  • Additionally some of the established political parties use or have used colour variations in their own locality. For instance the traditionally colour of the Penrith & the Border Conservatives is yellow, and not dark blue. Also the traditionally colour of the Warwickshire Liberals was green, and not orange/yellow.

• In the United States there is no official association between political parties and specific colours. The two major political parties use the national colours — red, white, and blue — to show their patriotism. The only common situation in which it has been necessary to assign a single colour to a party has been in the production of political maps in graphical displays of election results. In such cases, there has historically been no consistent association of particular parties with particular colours. In the weeks following the 2000 election, however, there arose the terminology of blue states and red states, in which the conservative Republican Party was associated with red and the liberal Democratic Party with blue. Political observers subsequently latched on to this association, which resulted from the use of red for Republican victories and blue for Democratic victories on the display map of a television network. This association has certainly not been consistently applied in the past: during previous presidential elections, about half of the television networks used the opposite association. In 2004, the association was mostly kept.
  There is some historical use of blue for Democrats and red for Republicans — in the late 19th century and early 20th century, Texas county election boards used colour coding to help Spanish speakers and illiterates identify the parties.[2] However, this system was not applied consistently in Texas and was not picked up on a national level.
  Maps for presidential elections produced by the U.S. government use the opposite system, with red for Democrats and blue for Republicans — for example, see U.S. presidential election, 1992. Nevertheless, since the 2000 election the news media have tended to use red for Republicans and blue for Democrats, especially as it relates to the electoral majority in each state, informally calling them the Red states and Blue states. The colour green is often used for the Green Party, and the colour yellow is often used for the Libertarian Party. A February 2004 article in the New York Times examined this issue.[3].

This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The Australian Greens, commonly known as The Greens, is the Green political party in Australia. ... The National Party of Australia is an Australian conservative political party, which claims to represent rural voters. ... The Australian Democrats, who are often known simply as The Democrats in Australia, are a progressive social liberal party. ... Social democracy is a political ideology emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from supporters of Marxism who believed that the transition to a socialist society could be achieved through democratic evolutionary rather than revolutionary means. ... The Austrian Peoples Party (de:Österreichische Volkspartei, or ÖVP) is an Austrian political party. ... The Austrian Freedom Party (Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs, abbreviated to FPÖ) is a far-right political party in Austria. ... The Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten or VLD (Flemish Liberals and Democrats) is a Flemish liberal party, created in 1992 from the former PVV and a few other politicians from other parties. ... The Mouvement Réformateur (MR) is a Belgian French-speaking liberal party, favoring a united Belgium. ... Blue (from Old High German blao shining) is one of the three primary additive colors; blue light has the shortest wavelength (about 470 nm) of the three primary colors. ... Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams (CD&V) (Christian Democratic and Flemish) is a political party in Belgium, formerly called Christelijke Volkspartij (CVP) (Christian Peoples Party). ... The Humanist Democratic Centre (French: Centre Démocrate Humaniste or CDH) is a centrist, Christian Democrat, Belgian French-speaking political party. ... The orange, a fruit from which the modern name of the orange colour comes. ... Flanders (Dutch: ) is a large historical region overlapping Belgium, France and the Netherlands. ... The Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie (New-Flemish Alliance) is a Belgian political party, founded in the autumn of 2001. ... A yellow Tulip. ... Vlaams Belang (English: Flemish Interest) is a Belgian political party. ... This article is about the Canadian political party. ... The orange, a fruit from which the modern name of the orange colour comes. ... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: ), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party. ... Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 625–750 nm. ... The Conservative Party of Canada (French: Parti conservateur du Canada), colloquially known as the Tories, is a conservative political party in Canada, formed by the merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in December 2003. ... YOU SUCK!!!!! ... The Bloc Québécois is a centre-left federal political party in Canada that is devoted to the promotion of sovereignty for Quebec. ... Social Democratic Party of Germany Spectral Power Density ... The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU - Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest conservative political party in Germany. ... Categories: Politics stubs | Liberal related stubs | German political parties | Liberal parties ... The Alliance 90/The Greens (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen), the German Green party, is a political party in Germany whose regional predecessors were founded in the late 1970s as part of the new social movements. ... The Left Party (In German: , officially with a period at the end), formerly Party of Democratic Socialism (Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus, PDS) is a left-wing socialist political party in Germany. ... GDR redirects here. ... The Free German Youth (Freie Deutsche Jugend or FDJ) was a youth movement in Germany, founded in 1936 to oppose Hitlers rule. ... YOU SUCK!!!!! ... The Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU – ) is a conservative political party in Germany. ... The Party of the Democratic Revolution (in Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática, PRD) is one of the three main political parties in Mexico. ... A yellow Tulip. ... Democraten 66 (D66), is a social liberal party in the Netherlands. ... The Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) (Dutch: Christen Democratisch Appèl) is a Dutch Christian-democratic political party. ... The Party for the Animals (Partij voor de Dieren) is a political party in the Netherlands without parliamentary representation. ... GroenLinks (GL, GreenLeft) is a political party in the Netherlands. ... For the Belgian political party of the same name, see Partij van de Arbeid (Belgium). ... Northern Ireland is an administrative region and one of four parts of the United Kingdom. ... Unionism, in the context of Ireland, is a belief in the continuation of the Act of Union 1800 (as amended by the Government of Ireland Act 1920) so that Northern Ireland (created by the 1920 Act) remains part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. ... The logo of the Northern Ireland Assembly, a six flowered linen or flax plant. ... Irish nationalism refers to political movements that desire greater autonomy or the independence of Ireland from Great Britain. ... The Pan-Blue Coalition (Traditional Chinese: 泛藍聯盟; Simplified Chinese: 泛蓝联盟; Hanyu Pinyin: ), or Pan-Blue Force (Traditional Chinese: 泛藍軍; Simplified Chinese: 泛蓝军; Hanyu Pinyin: ), is a political coalition in Taiwan, consisting of the Kuomintang (KMT), the People First Party (PFP), and the smaller New Party (CNP). ... The Pan-Green Coalition (Traditional Chinese: 泛綠聯盟; Simplified Chinese: 泛绿联盟; pinyin: ) or Pan-Green Force (Traditional Chinese: 泛綠軍; Simplified Chinese: 泛绿军; pinyin: ), is an informal political alliance in early 21st century Taiwan, consisting of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), Taiwan Solidarity Union (TSU), and the minor Taiwan Independence Party (TAIP). ... The New Party (新黨, xīndăng), formerly the Chinese New Party (CNP; 中華新黨, zhōnghúa xīndăng), is a political party in the Republic of China on Taiwan. ... A yellow Tulip. ... The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; abbreviated to or ; Hanyu Pinyin: MínjìndÇŽng) is a major political party in the Republic of China which has traditionally been associated with the pan-green coalition and Taiwan independence although it has moderated its stance as it has... Liberal International is a political international for international liberal parties. ... The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is the second largest political party in the United Kingdom in terms of sitting Members of Parliament (MPs), the largest in terms of public membership, and the oldest political party in the United Kingdom. ... The Labour Party is a political party in the United Kingdom. ... The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal political party based in the United Kingdom. ... Single-issue politics involves political campaigning or political support based on one essential policy area or idea. ... The United Kingdom Independence Party (commonly known as UKIP, pronounced you-kip) is a right-wing political party that aims at British withdrawal from the European Union. ... The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is the second largest political party in the United Kingdom in terms of sitting Members of Parliament (MPs), the largest in terms of public membership, and the oldest political party in the United Kingdom. ... A detailed map Stratford-upon-Avon Kenilworth Castle Warwickshire (pronounced // or //) is a landlocked non-metropolitan county in central England. ... ... ... The Republican Party, often called the GOP (for Grand Old Party, although one early citation described it as the Gallant Old Party) [1], is one of the two major political parties in the United States. ... The Democratic Party is one of two major political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... Official language(s) No official language See languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Largest metro area Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex Area  Ranked 2nd  - Total 261,797 sq mi (678,051 km²)  - Width 773 miles (1,244 km)  - Length 790 miles (1,270 km)  - % water 2. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... A U.S. state is any one of the 50 states which have membership of the federation known as the United States of America (USA or U.S.). The separate state governments and the U.S. federal government share sovereignty. ... ... ... Mossy, green fountain in Wattens, Austria. ... In American politics, the Green Party is a third party which has been active in some areas since the 1980s, but first gained widespread public attention for Ralph Naders presidential runs in 1996 and 2000. ... A yellow Tulip. ... The Libertarian Party is a United States political party created in 1971. ... 2004 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- → // February 29, 2004 Jean-Bertrand Aristide resigns as president of Haiti and flees the country for the Central African Republic. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ...

List of colours associated with different parties in various countries

Austria

• BZÖ: orange
• FPÖ: blue
• Die Grünen: green
• ÖVP: black
• SPÖ: red
• Liberales Forum: yellow (formerly light blue)

The Alliance for the Future of Austria (German: or BZÖ) is an Austrian political party founded by Jörg Haider, his sister Ursula Haubner, and other leading members of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) on April 4, 2005. ... The Austrian Freedom Party (Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs, abbreviated to FPÖ) is a far-right political party in Austria. ... The Austrian Green Party (de: Die Grünen - Die Grüne Alternative, or Die Grünen) is a political party in the Austrian parliament. ... The Austrian Peoples Party (de:Österreichische Volkspartei, or ÖVP) is an Austrian political party. ... The Social Democratic Party of Austria (German: Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs, or SPÖ) is one of the oldest political parties in Austria. ... This article is part of or related to the Liberalism series Categories: Politics stubs | Liberal related stubs | Liberal parties | Austrian political parties ...

Australia

• Australian Democrats: orange
• Australian Greens: green
• Country Liberal Party: orange, white, black
• Labor Party: red
• Liberal Party: blue
• National Party: green, gold
• One Nation Party: blue, yellow

The Australian Democrats, who are often known simply as The Democrats in Australia, are a progressive social liberal party. ... The Australian Greens, commonly known as The Greens, is the Green political party in Australia. ... In Australian politics, the Country Liberal Party (CLP) is the Northern Territory equivalent to the Liberal and National parties - the Country part of the partys name is a relic of when the National Party was called the Country Party. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The National Party of Australia is an Australian conservative political party, which claims to represent rural voters. ... One Nation is a nationalist and protectionist political group in Australia. ...

Bahrain

• Wa'ad: orange

The National Democratic Action logo The National Democratic Action Society - Waad (Arabic:جمعية العمل الوطني الديمقراطي - وعد) is Bahrains largest Leftist political party. ...

Belgium

• Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten: navy blue, gold
• Socialist Party - Different: red (and black)
• Spirit: purple
• Christian Democratic and Flemish: gold
• Socialist Party (francophone Belgium): red
• Vlaams Blok: yellow and black
• Reformist Movement: blue, yellow and magenta
• Humanist Democratic Centre: maroon and orange red
• New-Flemish Alliance: black and gold
• Ecolo and Agalev: green
• National Front: Belgium flag colours
• Vivant: gold and sea-green

The Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten or VLD (Flemish Liberals and Democrats) is a Flemish liberal party, created in 1992 from the former PVV and a few other politicians from other parties. ... Socialist Party - Different or Social Progressive Alternative (Dutch: Socialistische Partij - Anders or Sociaal Progressief Alternatief (sp. ... Categories: Politics stubs | Liberal related stubs | Liberal parties | Belgian political parties-Flanders ... Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams (CD&V) (Christian Democratic and Flemish) is a political party in Belgium, formerly called Christelijke Volkspartij (CVP) (Christian Peoples Party). ... The Parti Socialiste or PS of Belgium is a French-speaking social democratic political party. ... Note that Flemish Block turned themselves into Flemish Interest (Vlaams Belang) since their condamnation in 2004 The Flemish Block (Dutch: Vlaams Blok) was a Flemish far-right nationalist political party which rejects the state of Belgium, calling for political independence for the Flemish half of the country. ... The Mouvement Réformateur (MR) is a Belgian French-speaking liberal party, favoring a united Belgium. ... The Humanist Democratic Centre (French: Centre Démocrate Humaniste or CDH) is a centrist, christian-democrat, Belgian French-speaking political party. ... The Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie (New-Flemish Alliance) is a Belgian political party, founded in the autumn of 2001. ... Ecolo (standing for Ecologistes Confédérés pour lorganisation de luttes originales) is a French-speaking Belgian green political party (Wallonia and Brussels). ... Green! (Groen!) is the Flemish green party in Belgium. ... The National Front (French: Le Front National) is a small Belgian neo-Nazi political party. ... Vivant is a small Belgian social liberal party founded by millionaire Roland Duchâtelet. ...

Bulgaria

• Union of Democratic Forces (Bulgaria): blue
• National Movement Simeon II: yellow
• Bulgarian Socialist Party: red
• National Union Attack: black
• Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria: dark blue

The Union of Democratic Forces (Bulgarian: Съюз на демократичните сили, Saiuz na demokratichnite sili) is a political party in Bulgaria, founded in December 1989 as a union of eleven political ogranizations in opposition to the Communist government. ... Simeon is one of the last living heads of state from the pre-World War II-era and he is also the only monarch in history who became head of the state through democratic nation-wide elections, after 55 years of exile imposed on his family by the communists. ... The Bulgarian Socialist Party (Bulgarian: Bălgarska Socialističeska Partija or Българска социалистическа партия) (BSP or БСП) is a political party in Bulgaria and successor to the Bulgarian Communist Party. ... The National Union Attack (Национален съюз Атака, Nacionalen Sayuz Ataka; also[citation needed] translated as the Attack Coalition) is a nationalist political party in Bulgaria. ... The Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria (Demokrati za Silna Balgarija) is a political party in Bulgaria established by former Bulgarian Prime Minister Ivan Kostov (1997-2001). ...

Canada

• Bloc Québécois: light blue
• Canadian Action Party: blue, red
• Canadian Alliance (now defunct): green, blue
• Christian Heritage Party: purple
• Communist Party: red
• Conservative Party: blue, red
• Green Party: Green
• Liberal Party: red
• Libertarian Party: green, white
• Marijuana Party: brown, green
• Marxist-Leninist Party: violet
• New Democratic Party: orange, green
• Progressive Canadian Party: blue, red
• Progressive Conservative Party of Canada (now defunct): blue and red

The Bloc Québécois is a centre-left federal political party in Canada that is devoted to the promotion of sovereignty for Quebec. ... The Canadian Action Party (CAP) is a Canadian federal political party founded in 1997. ... The Canadian Alliance, formally the Canadian Reform Conservative Alliance, was a Canadian conservative political party that existed from 2000 to 2003. ... The Christian Heritage Party of Canada is a federal political party that advocates the governance of Canada according to the inspired, inerrant written Word of God. [1] This socially and fiscally conservative party held its founding convention in Hamilton, Ontario in November 1987, where Ed Vanwoudenberg was elected its first... The Communist Party of Canada is a communist political party in Canada. ... The Conservative Party of Canada (French: Parti conservateur du Canada), colloquially known as the Tories, is a conservative political party in Canada, formed by the merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in December 2003. ... The Green Party of Canada is a Canadian federal political party founded in 1983. ... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: ), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party. ... The Libertarian Party of Canada is a minor political party in Canada that adheres to the philosophy of libertarianism. ... The Marijuana Party is a Canadian federal political party that aims to end prohibition of cannabis. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... This article is about the Canadian political party. ... The Progressive Canadian Party (PC Party) is a minor federal political party in Canada. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Denmark

• Liberalisterne: Orange
• Venstre: Blue
• Det Konservative Folkeparti: Green
• Enhedslisten (De Rød-Grønne): Red and Green
• Socialdemokraterne: Red
• Socialistisk Folkeparti: Red

Liberalisterne (The Liberals) is a Danish political party founded in 2005 to campaign for a more liberal societal order in Denmark. ... Venstre[1] (IPA: , in Danish literally: Left), full name: Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti (Venstre, Liberal Party of Denmark) is the largest political party in Denmark, founded with a basis on free market Liberalism, now a right-of-centre party. ... The Conservative Peoples Party (Danish Det Konservative Folkeparti) is a Danish political party. ... The Unity List (Enhedslisten or Ø), also called the Danish Red-Green Alliance, is a political party in Denmark. ... The Social Democrats (Socialdemokraterne), is a Danish political party. ... The Socialist Peoples Party (Danish: Socialistisk Folkeparti, SF) is a Danish socialist and Green politicial party. ...

Finland

• National Coalition Party (Kansallinen Kokoomus/Nationella Samlingspartiet): Blue
• Christian Democrats (Kristillisdemokraatit/Kristdemokraterna): Blue and White
• The Liberals (Liberaalit/Liberalerna): Yellow
• Centre Party (Suomen Keskusta/Centern i Finland): Green
• Social Democratic Party of Finland (Suomen Sosialidemokraattinen Puolue/Finlands Socialdemokratiska Parti): Red
• Swedish People's Party (Ruotsalainen Kansanpuolue/Svenska Folkpartiet): Red and Yellow
• Left Alliance (Vasemmistoliitto/Vänsterförbundet): Red
• Green League (Vihreä liitto|Gröna Förbundet): Green

The National Coalition Party (Kansallinen Kokoomus or Samlingspartiet) is a political party in Finland. ... The Christian Democrats (Kristillisdemokraatit or Kristdemokraterna) is a political party in Finland. ... Liberals (Liberaalit) is a free market liberal party in Finland. ... The Centre Party (in Finnish: Suomen Keskusta, ) is a centrist political party in Finland. ... The Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) is one of the most influential political parties in Finland, along with the Centre Party and the Coalition Party. ... Swedish Peoples Party can mean: Swedish Peoples Party - a political party in Finland Liberal Peoples Party - a political party in Sweden This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Left Alliance (in Finnish: Vasemmistoliitto, ; in Swedish: Vänsterförbundet) is a political party in Finland. ... The Green League (Finnish: Vihreä liitto, Swedish: Gröna förbundet), is a green political party in Finland. ...

France

• Front National: brown or black
• Les Verts: green
• Ligue Communiste Révolutionnaire: dark red
• Lutte Ouvrière: dark red
• Mouvement National Républicain: brown
• Parti Communiste Français: red
• Parti des Travailleurs: dark red
• Parti Radical de Gauche: light pink, gold
• Parti Socialiste: pink
• Alternative Libérale: purple
• Mouvement Démocrate: orange
• Union pour la Démocratie Française: orange, light blue
• Union pour un Mouvement Populaire: blue

The National Front (FN, French: ) is a French far-right, nationalist [1] political party, founded in 1972 by Jean-Marie Le Pen. ... Les Verts (or The Greens) are an ecologist political party to the left of the political spectrum in France. ... LCR protesters marching in a workforce demonstration in favour of public services and against privatisation The Revolutionary Communist League (Ligue communiste révolutionnaire) (LCR) is a French Trotskyist political party. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The National Republican Movement (Mouvement National Républicain or MNR) is a French far-right political party, created by Bruno Mégret as a split from Jean-Marie Le Pens National Front. ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... The Party of the Workers (Parti des Travailleurs or PT), is a French socialist party. ... The Left Radical Party (French: or PRG) is a minor French centre-left, social-liberal party with moderate views, formed in 1972 by a split from the Radical, Republican and Radical-Socialists Party, once the dominant party of the French left. ... The emblem of the French Socialist Party The Socialist Party (Parti Socialiste or PS), founded in 1969, is the main opposition party in France. ... The Liberal Alternative (French: Alternative Libérale) is a French political party created on March 1, 2006. ... The Democratic Movement (Mouvement démocrate, MoDem) is a centrist and pro-European French political party that was founded by centrist politician François Bayrou to succeed his Union for French Democracy and to contest the 2007 parliamentary election, after his strong showing in the 2007 presidential election. ... The Union for French Democracy, also known by its French acronym UDF (Union pour la Démocratie Française), is a French centrist political party. ... The Union for a Popular Movement (Union pour un Mouvement Populaire, UMP), is the main French centre-right political party. ...

Germany

• Bündnis '90/Die Grünen: green
• Christlich Demokratische Union in Deutschland: black
• Christlich Soziale Union in Bayern: blue
• Freie Demokratische Partei: yellow (or yellow and blue)
• Linkspartei: purple, magenta or dark red
• Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands: red

The Alliance 90/The Greens (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen), the German Green party, is a political party in Germany whose regional predecessors were founded in the late 1970s as part of the new social movements. ... The Christian Democratic Union (CDU - Christlich-Demokratische Union) is a political party in Germany. ... The Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU – ) is a conservative political party in Germany. ... Categories: Politics stubs | Liberal related stubs | German political parties | Liberal parties ... The Left Party (In German: , officially with a period at the end), formerly Party of Democratic Socialism (Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus, PDS) is a left-wing socialist political party in Germany. ... SPD redirects here. ...

Greece

• ND (Nea Dimokratia): blue
• PASOK (Panellinion Sosialistikon Kinima): green
• KKE (Kommounistikon Komma Ellados): red
• SYN (Synaspismos): multiple colours
• LAOS (Laikos Orthodoxos Synagermos: blue, white
• Oikologoi: green

ND, Nd or nD can mean: Air Niger IATA code And (short form), as used in instant message clients. ... For the Canadian political party that ran in the 1940 Canadian election see New Democracy (Canada) Party logo New Democracy or ND (Greek: Νέα Δημοκρατία, Nea Dhimokratia), founded in 1974, is one of the main conservative political parties in... Party logo The Panhellenic Socialist Movement, better known as PASOK (Greek: Πανελλήνιο Σοσιαλιστικό Κίνημα, Panellinio Sosialistiko Kinima, ΠΑΣΟΚ), is a Greek social democratic political party. ... KKE sticker The Communist Party of Greece, better known by its acronym KKE (Greek: Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Kommunistiko Komma Elladas), is the major communist party in Greece. ... SYN can stand for: The SYN (TCP) synchronize packet in transmission control protocol (TCP) Synchronous Idle — control character in the C0 set. ... Party logo The Coalition of the Left, of Movements and Ecology (Shorter: Coalition, Greek: Synaspismos, Συνασπισμός) is a Greek political party of the radical left. ... Laikos Orthodoxos Synagermos (LAOS) is a political party in Greece. ...

Guinea

• PUP: Green
• RPG: Yellow
• UFP: Blue

Hungary

• Fidesz: orange
• MSZP: red
• SZDSZ: blue, blue-white
• MDF: green, green-white

The Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Union (in Hungarian: Fidesz – Magyar Polgári Szövetség) is a large conservative centre-right political party in Hungary; as of 2004 the most important one in the opposition. ... The Hungarian Socialist Party (Hungarian: Magyar Szocialista Párt, MSZP) is a socialist party in Hungary. ... Stylized party logo Simple party logo The Alliance of Free Democrats - the Hungarian Liberal Party (Hungarian: Szabad-Demokraták szövetsége - a Magyar Liberális Párt, abbreviation SZDSZ) is a liberal party in Hungary, led by Gábor Kuncze. ... The Hungarian Democratic Forum (Hungarian: Magyar Demokrata Fórum), or MDF, is a conservative / Christian democrat political party in Hungary, led by Ibolya Dávid. ...

India

• Communists (CPI, CPI(M), etc.): red
• Hindu nationalists (Bharatiya Janata Party, RSS, Shiv Sena, etc.): saffron^[1]
• Indian National Congress (and split-offs like NCP, NTC, etc.): orange-white-green
• Bahujan Samaj Party, Republican Party of India (parties representing dalits): blue
• Rashtriya Janata Dal: green
• Janata Dal (Secular): green
• Telugu Desam Party: yellow
• Jammu and Kashmir National Conference: red
• Telangana Rashtra Samithi: pink
• Gorkha National Liberation Front: green
• Indigenous Nationalist Party of Twipra: green-white

The Communist Party of India (CPI) is a political party in India. ... The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (usually abbreviated to CPI(M) or CPM) is a political party in India. ... Hindu nationalism is a nationalist ideology that sees the modern state of the Republic of India as a Hindu nation (Hindu Rashtra), and seeks to preserve the Hindu heritage. ... The Bharatiya Janata Party [BJP] (Hindi: , English: ), created in 1980, is a major Indian political party. ... The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (Hindi: , English: ), also known as the Sangh or the RSS, is a Hindu nationalist organization in India. ... SS election symbol Shiv Sena or शिव सेना (meaning Army of Shiva, referring to Shiva) is a political party in India founded on June 19, 1966 by Bal Thackeray, who is the president of the party. ... Indian National Congress (also known as the Congress Party and abbreviated INC) is a major political party in India. ... This January 2007 needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... Nationalist Trinamool Congress is a political party in India. ... For the Nepalese party, see Bahujan Samaj Party, Nepal. ... Executive President Vice-President Prime Minister Deputy Prime Minister The Union Ministries Legislative Parliament Rajya Sabha Chairman of the Rajya Sabha Lok Sabha Speaker of the House Judicial Supreme Court Chief Justice of the Supreme Court High Courts District Courts Constitution Fundamental Rights and Directive principles Regions States and territories... In South Asias caste system, an untouchable, dalit, or achuta is a person outside of the four castes, and considered below them. ... RJD Womens wing office in Delhi The Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD- National Peoples Party) is a political party in India. ... The Janata Dal (Secular) is a left of centre Indian political party. ... Telugu Desam Party (Party for Telugu Land) or TDP is a regional political party in Indias Andhra Pradesh state. ... Jammu & Kashmir National Conference is a political party in Jammu and Kashmir, India. ... Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) is a regional political party in the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. ... Gorkha National Liberation Front (GNLF) is a political party in northern West Bengal, India, formed in 1980. ... INPT flag Indigenous Nationalist Party of Twipra, political party in the Indian state of Tripura. ...

Italy

• Communists and socialists (Rifondazione Comunista, Party of Italian Communists, etc.): red.
  • Socialists have the dianthus and Radicals the rose.
• Fascists (historical, still used by neo-fascist groups): black.
• Catholic parties: white (secondly, red).
  • Catholic and moderate parties are considered nor leftist nor rightist, but centrist.
• Neo Liberals (Forza Italia, etc.): light blue.
• Lega Nord (autonomist) and Verdi (environmentalist): green.

The Communist Refoundation Party (Italian: Partito della Rifondazione Comunista) is an Italian reformed communist party. ... The Party of Italian Communists (Italian: Partito dei Comunisti Italiani, also translated into English as Italian Communists Party) is a political party in Italy. ... Forza Italia (Forward Italy) is an Italian party. ... The Northern League (Italian: Lega Nord) is an Italian political party that advocates autonomy for a part of Northern Italy called Padania. It is a personality-driven party led by Umberto Bossi. ... VERDI is an acronym for the Italian unification movement, named after the composer Giuseppe Verdi (ardent supporter of the movement) VERDI stands for Vittorio Emmanuelle, Re D Italia (Victor Emmanuel, King of Italy) Categories: Historical stubs ...

Republic of Ireland

• Fianna Fáil: green, orange
• Fine Gael: blue, green
• Green Party/Comhaontas Glas: gold, light green
• Labour Party: red
• Progressive Democrats: blue
• Sinn Féin: green
• Socialist Party: red, black

Fianna Fáil - The Republican Party (Irish: ), commonly referred to as Fianna Fáil (IPA ; traditionally translated by the party into English as Soldiers of Destiny, though the actual meaning is Soldiers [Fianna] of Ireland[1]), is currently the largest political party in Ireland with 55,000 members. ... Fine Gael (IPA: , though often anglicised to ) (approximate English translation: Family or Tribe of the Irish) and officially, Fine Gael - The United Ireland Party, is the second largest political party in the Republic of Ireland, presently forming the largest opposition party in the Dail (Irish Parliament), and claims a membership... The Green Party/Comhaontas Glas) was founded as the Ecology Party of Ireland in 1981. ... The Labour Party (Irish: Páirtí an Lucht Oibre) is a social democratic political party in the Republic of Ireland. ... The Progressive Democrats (Irish An Páirtí Daonlathach, lit. ... For pre-Arthur Griffith use of the political name, see Sinn Féin (19th century). ... The Socialist Party (in Irish Páirtí Sóisialach) is a political party active in Ireland. ...

Israel

• Hadash: red
• Meretz: green, yellow
• The Greens: green

Hadash (חדש) is a far left wing, largely Arab [1], popular front group in Israel made up of the Communist Party of Israel and other left-leaning political groups. ... Meretz (מרצ, Hebrew: vitality, energy) was an Israeli leftist secular political party. ... The Greens (Hebrew: הירוקים, HaYerukim) is a political party in Israel. ...

Lebanon

• Free Patriotic Movement: orange
• Future Movement: blue
• Progressive Socialist Party: red
• Amal Movement: green
• Hezbollah: yellow

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