Cambodia

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Cambodia aa This is a copyrighted and/or trademarked logo. ...

King Norodom Sihamoni Prime Minister Hun Sen Parliament Senate National Assembly Political parties CPP - Funcinpec - SRP Elections (2003) Provinces Human rights Foreign relations

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Politics of Cambodia takes according to the nation's constitution (enacted in 1993) formally place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic monarchy, whereby the Prime Minister of Cambodia is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament, the National Assembly of Cambodia and the Senate This is a complete list of Kings of Cambodia 6th century: Bhavavarman I 6th century: Mahendravarman 7th century: Isanavarman I 7th century: Bhavavarman II 7th century: Jayavarman I 8th century: Queen Jayavedi REIGN UNKNOWN: Sambhuvarman REIGN UNKNOWN: Pushkaraksha 8th century: Sambhuvarman 8th century: Rajendravarman I REIGN UNKNOWN: Mahipativarman 802-850... King Norodom Sihamoni of Cambodia (Khmer: នរោត្តម សីហមុនី; IPA: ; born 14 May 1953) is the King of Cambodia, the son of King Father Norodom Sihanouk and Queen Mother Norodom Monineath Sihanouk. ... This is a list of prime ministers of Cambodia. ... Sâmdech (Lord) Hun Sen, (born April 4, 1951) is the Prime Minister of Cambodia and is married to Bun Rany. ... Parliament has two chambers. ... The Senate (Sénat) is one of the chambers of Parliament. ... Parliament has two chambers. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Funcinpec is a royalist Cambodian political party. ... The Sam Rainsy Party (Pak Sam Rainsy or Kanakpak Som Raeangsee) is a personalist and more or less liberal party in Cambodia. ... Politics of Cambodia Categories: Election related stubs | Elections in Cambodia ... General elections were held in Cambodia on 27 July 2003. ... Cambodia is subdivided into 20 provinces (ខេត្ត = khet) and 4 province-level municipalities (ក្រុង = krong). ... The Human Rights situation in Cambodia is facing growing criticisms both within the country and an increasingly alarmed international community. ... The RCG has established diplomatic relations with most countries, including the United States. ... Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... A parliamentary system, also known as parliamentarianism (and parliamentarism in U.S. English), is distinguished by the executive branch of government being dependent on the direct or indirect support of the parliament, often expressed through a vote of confidence. ... Representative democracy is a form of democracy founded on the exercise of popular sovereignty by the peoples representatives. ... Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A monarchy, from the Greek μονος, one, and αρχειν, to rule, is a form of government that has a monarch as head of state. ... This is a list of prime ministers of Cambodia. ... The Head of Government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. ... Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the executive is the branch of a government charged with implementing, or executing, the law. ... A legislature is a governmental deliberative body with the power to adopt laws. ... Parliament has two chambers. ... The Senate (Sénat) is one of the chambers of Parliament. ...

Executive branch

The Prime Minister of Cambodia is a representative from the ruling party of the National Assembly. He or she is appointed by the King on the recommendation of the President and Vice Presidents of the National Assembly. In order for a person to become Prime Minister, he or she must first be given a vote of confidence by the National Assembly. This is a complete list of Kings of Cambodia 6th century: Bhavavarman I 6th century: Mahendravarman 7th century: Isanavarman I 7th century: Bhavavarman II 7th century: Jayavarman I 8th century: Queen Jayavedi REIGN UNKNOWN: Sambhuvarman REIGN UNKNOWN: Pushkaraksha 8th century: Sambhuvarman 8th century: Rajendravarman I REIGN UNKNOWN: Mahipativarman 802-850... King Norodom Sihamoni of Cambodia (Khmer: នរោត្តម សីហមុនី; IPA: ; born 14 May 1953) is the King of Cambodia, the son of King Father Norodom Sihanouk and Queen Mother Norodom Monineath Sihanouk. ... October 14 is the 287th day of the year (288th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a list of prime ministers of Cambodia. ... Sâmdech (Lord) Hun Sen, (born April 4, 1951) is the Prime Minister of Cambodia and is married to Bun Rany. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a list of prime ministers of Cambodia. ...

The Prime Minister is officially the Head of Government in Cambodia. Upon entry into office, he appoints a Council of Ministers who are responsible to the Prime Minister. Officially, the Prime Minister's duties include chairing meetings of the Council of Ministers (Cambodia's version of a Cabinet) and appointing and leading a government. The Prime Minister and his government make up Cambodia's executive branch of government. The Head of Government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. ... A cabinet is a body of high-ranking members of government, typically representing the executive branch. ... In political science and constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the state. ...

The current Cambodian Prime Minister is Cambodian's People Party (CPP) member Hun Sen. He has held this position since the criticized 1998 election, one year after the CPP staged a bloody coup in Phnom Penh[1][2] to overthrow elected Prime Minister Prince Norodom Ranariddh, president of the FUNCINPEC party. Sâmdech (Lord) Hun Sen, (born April 4, 1951) is the Prime Minister of Cambodia and is married to Bun Rany. ... A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ...

Legislative branch

The legislative branch of the Cambodian government is made up of a bicameral parliament. In government, bicameralism is the practice of having two legislative or parliamentary chambers. ... A parliament is a legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system modelled after that of the United Kingdom. ...

• The National Assembly of Cambodia (Radhsphea ney Preah Recheanachakr Kampuchea) has 122 members, elected for a five year term by proportional representation.
• The Senate (Sénat) has 61 members. Two of these members are appointed by the King, two are elected by the lower house of the government, and the remaining fifty-seven are elected popularly by "functional constituencies." Members in this house serve five year terms.

The official duty of the Parliament is to legislate and make laws. Bills passed by the Parliament are given to the King who gives the proposed bills Royal Assent. The King does not have veto power over bills passed by the National Assembly (the lower house) and, thus, cannot withhold Royal Assent. The National Assembly also has the power to dismiss the Prime Minister and his government by a two-thirds vote of no confidence. Parliament has two chambers. ... Proportional representation (sometimes referred to as full representation, or PR), is a category of electoral formula aiming at a close match between the percentage of votes that groups of candidates (grouped by a certain measure) obtain in elections and the percentage of seats they receive (usually in legislative assemblies). ... The Senate (Sénat) is one of the chambers of Parliament. ... // The granting of Royal Assent is the formal method by which a constitutional monarch completes the legislative process of lawmaking by formally assenting to an Act of Parliament. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A Motion of No Confidence, also called Motion of Non Confidence is a parliamentary motion traditionally put before a parliament by the opposition in the hope of defeating or embarrassing a government. ...

Senate

The upper house of the Cambodian legislature is called the Senate. It is made up of 61 members. Two of these members are appointed by the King, two are elected by the lower house of the government, and the remaining fifty-seven are elected popularly by "functional constituencies." Members in this house serve five year terms.

Elections were last held for the Senate in 1999. New elections were supposed to have occurred in 2004, but these elections were initially postponed. On January 22, 2006, 11,352 possible voters went to the poll and chose their candidates. This election was criticized by local monitoring non-governmental organizations as being undemocratic[3].

As of 2006, the Cambodian People's Party holds 43 seats in the Senate, constituting a significant majority. The two other major parties holding seats in the Senate are the Funcinpec party (holding 12 seats) and the Sam Rainsy Party (holding two seats). 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Funcinpec is a royalist Cambodian political party. ... The Sam Rainsy Party (Pak Sam Rainsy or Kanakpak Som Raeangsee) is a personalist and more or less liberal party in Cambodia. ...

National Assembly

The lower house of the legislature is called the National Assembly. It is made up of 123 members, elected by popular vote to serve five year terms. Elections were last held for the National Assembly in 2003, with the next elections scheduled for July 2008.

In order to vote in legislative elections, one must be at least eighteen years of age. However, in order to be elected to the Legislature, one must be at least twenty-five years of age.

The National Assembly is led by a President and two Vice Presidents who are selected by Assembly members prior to each session.

As of 2005, the Cambodian People's Party holds a majority of the seats in the National Assembly, controlling 73 out of the 123 seats. The Funcinpec party holds 26 seats, while the Sam Rainsy Party holds the remaining 24 seats. 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Funcinpec is a royalist Cambodian political party. ... The Sam Rainsy Party (Pak Sam Rainsy or Kanakpak Som Raeangsee) is a personalist and more or less liberal party in Cambodia. ...

Political parties and elections

The following election results include names of political parties. See for additional information about parties the List of political parties in Cambodia. An overview on elections and election results is included in Elections in Cambodia.

An election is a decision making process where people choose people to hold official offices. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... An election is a decision making process whereby people vote for preferred political candidates or parties to act as representatives in government. ... Politics of Cambodia Categories: Election related stubs | Elections in Cambodia ... Parliament has two chambers. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Sam Rainsy Party (Pak Sam Rainsy or Kanakpak Som Raeangsee) is a personalist and more or less liberal party in Cambodia. ... Funcinpec is a royalist Cambodian political party. ... This party has been dissolved by its founder, Prince Norodom Chakropong, after its dismal showing in the 2003 National Assembly elections. ...

Judicial branch

The judicial branch should be independent from the rest of the government, as specified by the Cambodian Constitution. The highest court of judicial branch is the Supreme Council of the Magistracy. Other, lower courts also exist. Until 1997, Cambodia didn't have a judicial branch of government despite the nation's Constitution requiring one.

The main duties of the judiciary are to prosecute criminals, settling lawsuits, and, most importantly, protect the freedoms and rights of Cambodian citizens. However, in reality, the judicial branch in Cambodia is highly corrupt and often serves as a tool used by executive branch to silence civil society and its leaders[4].

The monarchy

Cambodia is a constitutional monarchy--the King reigns but does not rule, similar to Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. The King is officially the Head of State and is the symbol of unity and "eternity" of the nation, as defined by Cambodia's constitution. This does not cite its references or sources. ... Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ... Queen Elizabeth II, is the Head of State of 16 countries including: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Jamaica, New Zealand and the Bahamas, as well as crown colonies and overseas territories of the United Kingdom. ...

From September 24, 1993 through October 7, 2004, Norodom Sihanouk reigned as King. Under the Constitution the King has no political power, but as Norodom Sihanouk was revered in the country, his word often carried much influence in the government. For example, in February 2004, he issued a proclamation stating that since Cambodia is a "liberal democracy," the Kingdom should allow gay marriage. While such views aren't prevalent in Cambodia, his word was respected by his subjects. The King, often irritated over the conflicts in his government, several times threatened to abdicate unless the political factions in the government got along. This put pressure on the government to solve their differences. This influence of the King was often used to help mediate differences in government. September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... October 7 is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Time in office: Apr. ... Same-sex marriage is marriage between individuals who are of the same legal or biological sex. ...

After the abdication of King Norodom Sihanouk in 2004, he was succeeded by his son Norodom Sihamoni. While the retired King is highly revered in his country for dedicating his lifetime to Cambodia, the current King has spent most of his life abroad in France. Thus, it remains to be seen whether the new king's views will be as highly respected as his father's. King Norodom Sihamoni of Cambodia (Khmer: នរោត្តម សីហមុនី; IPA: ; born 14 May 1953) is the King of Cambodia, the son of King Father Norodom Sihanouk and Queen Mother Norodom Monineath Sihanouk. ...

Although in the Khmer language there are many words meaning "king", the word officially used in Khmer (as found in the 1993 Cambodian Constitution) is preahmâhaksat (Khmer regular script: ), which literally means: preah- ("sacred", cognate of the Indian word Brahmin) -mâha- (from Sanskrit, meaning "great", cognate with "maha-" in maharaja) -ksat ("warrior, ruler", cognate of the Indian word Kshatriya). Khmer (ភាសាខ្មែរ) is one of the main Austroasiatic languages. ... File links The following pages link to this file: Politics of Cambodia Cambodia Norodom Sihamoni Categories: GFDL images ... A Brahmin (anglicised from the Sanskrit word IAST ; Devanagari ), also known as Vipra, Dvija, Dvijottama (best of the Dvijas), (god on Earth) is the highest caste in Indian caste system within Hindu society. ... The Sanskrit language ( , for short ) is an old Indo-Aryan language from the Indian Subcontinent, the classical literary language of the Hindus of India[1], a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, and one of the 23 official languages of India. ... The word Maharaja (also spelled maharajah) is Hindi as well as ancient Sanskrit for high king (a karmadharaya from maha great and rajan king). Its use is primarily for Hindu potentates (ruler or sovereign). ... Kshatriya (Hindi: , from Sanskrit: , ) is the title of the princely military order in the Vedic society. ...

On the occasion of HM King Norodom Sihanouk's retirement in September 2004, the Cambodian National Assembly coined a new word for the retired king: preahmâhaviraksat (Khmer regular script: ), where vira comes from Sanskrit vīra, meaning "brave or eminent man, hero, chief", cognate of Latin vir, viris, English virile. Preahmâhaviraksat is translated in English as "King-Father" (French: Roi-Père), although the word "father" does not appear in the Khmer noun. File links The following pages link to this file: Politics of Cambodia Norodom Sihanouk Cambodia Categories: GFDL images ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

As preahmâhaviraksat, Norodom Sihanouk retains many of the prerogatives he formerly held as preahmâhaksat and is a highly respected and listened-to figure. Thus, in effect, Cambodia can be described as a country with two heads of state: an official one, the preahmâhaksat Norodom Sihamoni, and an unofficial one, the preahmâhaviraksat Norodom Sihanouk.

Succession to the Throne

Unlike most monarchies, Cambodia's monarchy isn't necessarily hereditary and the King is not allowed to select his own heir. Instead, a new King is chosen by a Royal Council of the Throne, consisting of the president of the National Assembly, the Prime Minister, the Chiefs of the orders of Mohanikay and Thammayut, and the First and Second Vice-President of the Assembly. The Royal Council meets within a week of the King's death or abdication and selects a new King from a pool of candidates with royal blood. A hereditary monarchy is the most common style of monarchy and is the form that is used by almost all of the worlds existing monarchies. ...

It has been suggested that Cambodia's ability to peacefully appoint a new King shows that Cambodia's government has stabilized incredibly from the situation the country was in during the 1970's (see History of Cambodia). This is the History of Cambodia series. ...

International organization participation

ACCT, AsDB, ASEAN, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), International Monetary Fund, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WB, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WToO, WTrO (applicant) The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is a multilateral development finance institution dedicated to reducing poverty in Asia and the Pacific. ... Official logo of the ICC. The International Criminal Court (ICC) was established in 2002 as a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, crime of aggression, and war crimes, as defined by several international agreements, most prominently the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. ... The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization that oversees the global financial system by observing exchange rates and balance of payments, as well as offering financial and technical assistance when requested. ... The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ... Logo of the World Bank The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, in Romance languages: BIRD), better known as the World Bank, is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII. Now, its mission has expanded to fight poverty by means... WTO redirects here. ...

Resources

• Constitution of Cambodia

External links

Royalty

• King of Cambodia, Norodom Sihamoni Official Website of King Norodom Sihamoni
• King of Cambodia, Norodom Sihanouk Official Website of former King Norodom Sihanouk

Official

• Cambodia.gov.kh Official Royal Government of Cambodia Website (English Version) (Cambodia.gov.kh Khmer Version)
• CDC Council for the Development of Cambodia
• Conseil Constitutionnel du Cambodge Constitution council of Cambodia
• Department of Fisheries
• Food Security and Nutrition Information System Cambodia
• Ministry of Commerce
• Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts
• Ministry of Economy and Finance
• Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport
• Ministry of Environment
• Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications
• Ministry of Public Works and Transport
• Ministry of Tourism
• NiDA National Information Communications Technology Development Authority
• NIS National Institute of Statistics of Cambodia
• Cambodia e-Gov Homepage
• [5]Khmer Politics Op-Ed

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Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

Brunei • Cambodia • Indonesia • Laos • Malaysia • Myanmar • Philippines • Singapore • Thailand • Vietnam Bold textLink titleWRONG // The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN - pronounced AH-SEE-AHN) is a geo-political and economic organization of 10 countries located in Southeast Asia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_ASEAN.svg Description Flag of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). ...

Overviews

Overview Article on Cambodia's Contemporary Political Economy: "The Neoliberal 'Order' in Cambodia: Political Violence, Democracy, and the Contestation of Public Space" by Simon Springer, PhD Candidate, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.