NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Politics of Ethiopia

Politics of Ethiopia takes place in a framework of a federal parliamentary republic, whereby the Prime Minister is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Federal legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament. The Judiciary is more or less independent of the executive and the legislature. This page contains a list of heads of state of Ethiopia since 1974. ... Girma Wolde-Giorgis Lucha (born December 1924) is the President of Ethiopia. ... List of Heads of Government of Ethiopia (Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office) Affiliations:- See also Ethiopia Rulers and Heads of State of Ethiopia List of Presidents of Ethiopia Lists of office-holders ... Meles Zenawi (Geez áˆ˜áˆˆáˆµ á‹œáŠ“á‹Š meles zÄ“nÄwÄ«, b. ... The Parliament of Ethiopia consists of two chambers: The House of Federation (Upper Chamber) The House of Peoples Representatives (Lower Chamber) This politics-related article is a stub. ... The House of Federation (Amharic language á‹¨áŒá‹´áˆ¬áˆ½áŠ• áˆáŠáˆ á‰¤á‰µ Yefedereshn Mekir Bet) is the upper house of the bicamerial Parliament of Ethiopia of Ethiopia. ... The Federal Parliamentary Assembly of Ethiopia has two chambers. ... Politics of Ethiopia Categories: Election related stubs | Elections in Ethiopia ... Ethiopia held general elections on May 15, 2005, for seats in both its national and in four regional government councils. ... Indirect presidential elections will be held in Ethiopia in November 2007. ... Political parties in Ethiopia lists political parties in Ethiopia. ... Ethiopia is divided into 9 ethnically-based administrative regions (kililoch; singular - kilil): Afar Amhara Benishangul-Gumaz Gambela Hariai Oromia Somali Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region Tigray Additionally, there are two chartered cities (astedader akababiwach, singular - astedader akabibi): Addis Ababa Dire Dawa These administrative regions replaced the older system of... Below the regions, Ethiopia is divided into zones. ... Ethiopia was relatively isolated from major movements of world politics until the 1895 and 1935 Italian invasions. ... During the post-World War II era, Ethiopia received small amounts of economic development aid from such countries as the United States and Sweden. ... According to the U.S. Department of Stateâ€™s human rights report for 2004 and similar sources, the Ethiopian governmentâ€™s human rights record is poor. ... Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... A map displaying todays federations. ... States currently utilizing parliamentary systems are denoted in red and orangeâ€”the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested in a parliament, and the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state. ... Look up republic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... List of heads of government of Ethiopia (Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office) Affiliations See also Ethiopia Rulers and Heads of State of Ethiopia List of Presidents of Ethiopia Lists of office-holders ... The head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. ... Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the executive is the branch of a government charged with implementing, or executing, the law. ... A legislature is a governmental deliberative body with the power to adopt laws. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box: In the law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of courts which administer justice in the name of the sovereign or state, a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. ...

Political developments

In May 1991, a coalition of rebel forces under the name Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) defeated the government of Mengistu regime. In July 1991, the EPRDF, the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), and others established the Transitional Government of Ethiopia (TGE) which was comprised of an 87-member Council of Representatives and guided by a national charter that functioned as a transitional constitution. In June 1992 the OLF withdrew from the government; in March 1993, members of the Southern Ethiopia Peoples' Democratic Coalition left the government. The Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front, or EPRDF, is the ruling political party of Ethiopia. ... OLF symbol The Oromo Liberation Front (also known as the OLF) is an Ethiopian organization established in 1973 by Oromo nationalists to lead an alleged liberation struggle of the Oromo people against what they call Abyssinian colonial rule. It is mostly ethnocentric and over time it is replaced from a... The Southern Ethiopia Peoples Democratic Coalition is a political party in Ethiopia. ...

The Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), an ally in the fight against the Mengistu regime, assumed control of Eritrea and established a provisional government. Eritrea achieved full independence on May 24, 1993. The Eritrean Peoples Liberation Front (EPLF) was an armed organization that fought for the independence of Eritrea from Ethiopia. ... is the 144th day of the year (145th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ...

President Meles Zenawi and members of the TGE pledged to oversee the formation of a multi-party democracy. The election of Ethiopia's 547-member constituent assembly was held in June 1994. This assembly adopted the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia in December 1994. The elections for Ethiopia's first popularly-chosen national parliament and regional legislatures were held in May and June 1995. Most opposition parties chose to boycott these elections. There was a landslide victory for the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF). International and non-governmental observers concluded that opposition parties would have been able to participate had they chosen to do so. Meles Zenawi (Geez áˆ˜áˆˆáˆµ á‹œáŠ“á‹Š meles zÄ“nÄwÄ«, b. ... The Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front, or EPRDF, is the ruling political party of Ethiopia. ...

The Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia was installed in August 1995. The first President was Negasso Gidada. The EPRDF-led government of Prime Minister Meles Zenawi has promoted a policy of ethnic federalism, devolving significant powers to regional, ethnically-based authorities. Ethiopia today has 9 semi-autonomous administrative regions that have the power to raise and spend their own revenues. Under the present government, Ethiopians enjoy greater political participation and freer debate than ever before in their history, although some fundamental freedoms, including freedom of the press, are, in practice, somewhat circumscribed. Negasso Gidada (born 1943) was the president of Ethiopia from 1995 until 2001. ... Meles Zenawi (Geez áˆ˜áˆˆáˆµ á‹œáŠ“á‹Š meles zÄ“nÄwÄ«, b. ... Freedom of the Press (or Press Freedom) is the guarantee by a government of free public press for its citizens and their associations, extended to members of news gathering organizations, and their published reporting. ...

Zenawi's government was re-elected in 2000 in Ethiopia's first multi-party elections. The incumbent President is Girma Wolde-Giorgis. Girma Wolde-Giorgis Lucha (born December 1924) is the President of Ethiopia. ...

Since 1991, Ethiopia has established warm relations with the United States and western Europe and has sought substantial economic aid from Western countries and World Bank. In 2004, the government began a drive to move more than two million people away from the arid highlands of the east, proposing that these resettlements would reduce food shortages.^[1] For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... The World Bank logo The World Bank (the Bank) is a part of the World Bank Group (WBG), is a bank that makes loans to developing countries for development programs with the stated goal of reducing poverty. ...

Ethiopia held another general election in May 2005, which drew a record number of voters, with 90% of the electorate turning out to cast their vote. While the election was deemed by the European Union election observer team to fall short of international standards for fair and free elections, other teams drew different conclusions. The African Union report on September 14 commended "the Ethiopian people's display of genuine commitment to democratic ideals ^[2] and on September 15 the US Carter Center concluded that "the majority of the constituency results based on the May 15 polling and tabulation are credible and reflect competitive conditions". ^[3] The US Department of State said on September 16, "these elections stand out as a milestone in creating a new, more competitive multi-party political system in one of Africa's largest and most important countries."^{[citation needed]} Even the EU preliminary statement of 2005 also said "...the polling processes were generally positive. The overall assessment of the process has been rated as good in 64% of the cases, and very good in 24%".^[4] Ethiopia held general elections on May 15, 2005, for seats in both its national and in four regional government councils. ... is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 258th day of the year (259th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 135th day of the year (136th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

The opposition complained that the ruling EPRDF engaged in widespread vote rigging and intimidation, alleging fraud in 299 constituencies.^{[citation needed]} All allegations were investigated by the National Electoral Board of Ethiopia in cooperation with election monitors, a process which delayed the release of the final results. In June 2005, with the results of the election still unclear, a group of university students protested these alleged discrepancies, encouraged by supporters of the Coalition for Unity opposition party, despite a ban on protests imposed by the government. On June 8, 26 people were killed in Addis Ababa as a result of rioting, which led to the arrest of hundreds of protesters.^{[citation needed]} On September 5, 2005, the National Elections Board of Ethiopia released the final election results, which confirmed that the ruling Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front retained its control of the government, but showed that opposition parties had increased their share of parliamentary seats, from 12 to 176.^{[citation needed]} The Coalition for Unity and Democracy won all the seats in Addis Ababa, both for the Parliament and the City Council. is the 159th day of the year (160th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the long-distance runner, see Addis Abebe. ... is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Street protests broke out again, when the opposition called for a general strike and boycotted the new Parliament, refusing to accept the results of the election.^{[citation needed]} The police forces once again attempted to contain the protests and this time 42 people were killed in Addis Ababa, including seven policemen, and another of whom later died because of fatal injuries caused by a hand grenade detonation. Thousands were arrested, and were taken to various detention centers across the country.^{[citation needed]} By February 2006, six hundred remained in custody, facing trial in March.^{[citation needed]}

On 14 November, the Ethiopian Parliament passed a resolution to establish a neutral commission to investigate the incidents of June 8 and November 1 and 2.^{[citation needed]} In February 2006, UK Prime Minister Blair, acknowledging that the EPRDF has won the election, said he wanted to see Ethiopia resolve its internal problems and continue on a democratic path.^[5] is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 159th day of the year (160th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Current politics

Since 1991, Ethiopia has established warm relations with the United States and western Europe and has sought substantial economic aid from Western countries and the World Bank.^{[citation needed]} In 2004, the government began a drive to move more than two million people away from the arid highlands of the east, proposing that these resettlements would reduce food shortages.^[1] For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... The World Bank logo The World Bank (the Bank) is a part of the World Bank Group (WBG), is a bank that makes loans to developing countries for development programs with the stated goal of reducing poverty. ...

Ethiopia held another general election in May 2005, which drew a record number of voters, with 90% of the electorate turning out to cast their vote. While the European Union election observer team of Ana Maria Gomes deemed the elections to have fallen short of international standards for fair and free elections, other teams drew totally different conclusions. The African Union report on September 14 commended "the Ethiopian people's display of genuine commitment to democratic ideals",^{[citation needed]} and on September 15 the US Carter Center concluded that "the majority of the constituency results based on the May 15 polling and tabulation are credible and reflect competitive conditions".^{[citation needed]} However, it was noted that foreign election observers (including Gomes) were not given the authority and/or documentations in order to travel and monitor rural areas of the country.^{[citation needed]} Even worse, these delays occurred a couple of days before the election day and some have indicated the governments role in these delays, but couldn't provide substantial proof for their accusations.^{[citation needed]} Still, the US Department of State said on September 16, "these elections stand out as a milestone in creating a new, more competitive multi-party political system in one of Africa's largest and most important countries."^{[citation needed]} Even the EU preliminary statement of 2005 said that "...the polling processes were generally positive. The overall assessment of the process has been rated as good in 64% of the cases, and very good in 24%."^{[citation needed]} Ethiopia held general elections on May 15, 2005, for seats in both its national and in four regional government councils. ... Ana Maria Gomes is a Portuguese politician and Member of the European Parliament for the Socialist Party; part of the Party of European Socialists. ... Anthem Let Us All Unite and Celebrate Together [1] Administrative Centre Largest city Cairo, Egypt Working languages Arabic English French Portuguese Swahili Membership 53 African states Leaders - Chairman John Kufuor - Alpha Oumar KonarÃ© Establishment - as the OAU May 25, 1963 - as the African Union July 9, 2002 Area - Total 29... The Jimmy Carter Presidential Library The Carter Center is a human rights organization, founded in 1982 and chaired by former U.S. President Jimmy Carter. ...

The opposition complained that the ruling EPRDF engaged in widespread vote rigging and intimidation, alleging fraud in 299 constituencies.^{[citation needed]} The ruling party complained that the main opposition party CUD's AEUP sub party had engaged in intimidation.^{[citation needed]} All allegations were investigated by the National Electoral Board of Ethiopia in cooperation with election monitors, a process which delayed the release of the final results. In June 2005, with the results of the election still unclear, a group of opposition supporters protested these alleged discrepancies despite a one month ban on protests imposed by the government.^{[citation needed]} The government said that if there are no protests for one month, it would ease the high political tension in Ethiopia.^{[citation needed]} Street protests broke out again later in the year when the CUD opposition called for a general strike and boycotted the new Parliament, refusing to accept the results of the election.^{[citation needed]} The police forces once again attempted to contain the protests and this time forty-two people were killed in Addis Ababa, including seven policemen, and another of whom later died because of fatal injuries caused by a hand grenade detonation.^{[citation needed]} Thousands were arrested, and were taken to various detention centers across the country. On 14 November, the Ethiopian Parliament passed a resolution to establish a neutral commission to investigate the incidents of June 8 and November 1 and 2.^{[citation needed]} On September 5, 2005, the National Elections Board of Ethiopia released the final election results in which confirmed that the ruling Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front retained its control of the government, but showed that opposition parties had increased their share of parliamentary seats, from 12 to 176.^{[citation needed]} The Coalition for Unity and Democracy won all but one of the seats in Addis Ababa, both for the Parliament and the City Council. Now half of CUD, including Medhin have joined the parliament. is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In February 2006, UK Prime Minister Tony Blair, acknowledging that the EPRDF had won the election, said he wanted to see Ethiopia resolve its internal problems and continue on a democratic path.^[5] By February 2006, hundreds remained in custody, facing trial in March.^{[citation needed]} About 119 people are currently facing trial, including journalists for defamation and opposition party leaders for treason.^{[citation needed]} Human rights organisations have raised concerns over the well-being of some of these prisoners. However 8,000 prisoners have already been freed.^[6] Concerns about the implications of these trials for the freedom of the press have also been raised.^{[citation needed]} A prime minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... For other people of the same name, see Tony Blair (disambiguation) Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born May 6, 1953)[1] is the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service, Leader of the Labour Party, and Member of Parliament for the constituency...

Ethiopian police massacre

On October 18, 2006 an independent report said Ethiopian police massacred 193 protesters, mostly in the capital Addis Ababa, in the violence of June and November following the May 2005 elections. The information was leaked before the official independent report was handed to the parliament. The leak made by Ethiopian judge Wolde-Michael Meshesha found that the government had concealed the true extent of deaths at the hands of the police.^[7] This leak also brought more accusations that the opposition party which provoked the riots was trying to damage the reputation of the government by leaking the inquiry unlawfully. Gemechu Megerssa, a member of the independent Inquiry commission, which Mr. Meshesha once worked with, said Mr. Meshesha taking the report "out of context and presenting it to the public to sensationalise the situation for his political end is highly unethical."^[8] The incident is just one of many examples of human rights violations in Ethiopia in recent times.^[9] Related to the violence, some of the top leaders of the opposition CUD party were arrested on charges of inciting the violence and "outrage against the constitution." Despite pressure to release the CUD leaders who were rounded up after the post election violence, the Ethiopian court convicted 38 of the top CUD leaders.^[10] However after various negotiations to solve the deadlock via a political agreement, the convicted CUD leaders signed a document accepting their "mistakes" and an accountability ranging from partial to full responsibility for the post election violence.^[11]^[12] On October 18, 2006 an independent report said Ethiopian police massacred 193 protesters, mostly in the capital Addis Ababa, in the violence of June and November following the May 2005 elections. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the long-distance runner, see Addis Abebe. ...

Executive branch

The president is elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term. The prime minister is designated by the party in power following legislative elections. The Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution is selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives. This page contains a list of heads of state of Ethiopia since 1974. ... Girma Wolde-Giorgis Lucha (born December 1924) is the President of Ethiopia. ... is the 281st day of the year (282nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... List of heads of government of Ethiopia (Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office) Affiliations See also Ethiopia Rulers and Heads of State of Ethiopia List of Presidents of Ethiopia Lists of office-holders ... Meles Zenawi (Geez áˆ˜áˆˆáˆµ á‹œáŠ“á‹Š meles zÄ“nÄwÄ«, b. ... The Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front, or EPRDF, is the ruling political party of Ethiopia. ...

Legislative branch

The Federal Parliamentary Assembly has two chambers: the Council of People's Representatives (Yehizbtewekayoch Mekir Bet) with 547 members, elected for five-year terms in single-seat constituencies; and the Council of the Federation (Yefedereshn Mekir Bet) with 110 members, one for each nationality, and one additional representative for each one million of its population, designated by the regional councils, which may elect them themselves or through popular elections. The Parliament of Ethiopia consists of two chambers: The House of Federation (Upper Chamber) The House of Peoples Representatives (Lower Chamber) This politics-related article is a stub. ... Image:WashingtonDC Capitol USA2. ... The Federal Parliamentary Assembly of Ethiopia has two chambers. ... A constituency is any cohesive corporate unit or body bound by shared structures, goals or loyalty. ... The House of Federation (Amharic language á‹¨áŒá‹´áˆ¬áˆ½áŠ• áˆáŠáˆ á‰¤á‰µ Yefedereshn Mekir Bet) is the upper house of the bicamerial Parliament of Ethiopia of Ethiopia. ... Ethiopias population is highly diverse. ...

Many opposition parties are represented in the Ethiopia Parliament where representatives from Oromia state hold the most positions and representatives from the Amhara State hold the second most position, in correlation with the population order of the corresponding states.^[13] Various opposition parties -- including the United Ethiopian Democratic Forces, United Ethiopian Democratic Party-Medhin Party, Somali People's Democratic Party, EDL, Gambela People's Democratic Movement, All Ethiopian Unity Party, Oromo Federalist Democratic Movement and the Benishangul-Gumuz People's Democratic Unity Front -- hold many positions in the parliament.^[13] The United Ethiopian Democratic Forces (or UEDF) is a coalition of several existing political parties of Ethiopia which combined to compete for seats in the Ethiopian General Elections held on May 15, 2005. ... The United Ethiopian Democratic Party-Medhin Party is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Somali Peoples Democratic Party is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Gambella Peoplesâ€™ Democratic Movement is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The All Ethiopian Unity Party is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Oromo Federalist Democratic Movement is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Benishangul Gumuz Peopleâ€™s Democratic Unity Front (Amharic: ) is a political party in Ethiopia. ...

Political parties and elections

Some other political pressure groups include the Council of Alternative Forces for Peace and Democracy in Ethiopia (CAFPDE) Beyene Petros and the Southern Ethiopia People's Democratic Coalition (SEPDC) [Beyene Petros]. A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues. ... Political parties in Ethiopia lists political parties in Ethiopia. ... An election is a decision making process whereby people vote for preferred political candidates or parties to act as representatives in government. ... Politics of Ethiopia Categories: Election related stubs | Elections in Ethiopia ... is the 135th day of the year (136th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Federal Parliamentary Assembly of Ethiopia has two chambers. ... The Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front, or EPRDF, is the ruling political party of Ethiopia. ... The Tigrayan Peoples Liberation Front (TPLF) is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Oromo Peoples Democratic Organization (OPDO) is an ethnic-based political party in Ethiopia, which is allied with the Amhara National Democratic Movement, the South Ethiopian Peoples Democratic Front and the Tigrayan Peoples Liberation Front to form the Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF). ... The Amhara National Democratic Movement is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Southern Ethiopian Peoples Democratic Movement is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Coalition for Unity and Democracy (Amharic: , commonly referred to by its English abbreviation CUD, or occasionally CDU; its Amharic abbreviation, used in Ethiopia, is Qinijit, in English writing often referred to as Kinijit[1]) is a coalition of four existing political parties of Ethiopia which combined to compete for... The Ethiopian Democratic League is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The All Ethiopian Unity Party is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The United Ethiopian Democratic Party-Medhin Party is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The United Ethiopian Democratic Forces (or UEDF) is a coalition of several existing political parties of Ethiopia which combined to compete for seats in the Ethiopian General Elections held on May 15, 2005. ... The Oromo National Congress is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Ethiopian Social Democratic Federal Party is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Southern Ethiopia Peoples Democratic Coalition is a political party in Ethiopia. ... All-Amhara Peoples Organization. ... The Ethiopian Democratic Unity Party is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Somali Peoples Democratic Party is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Oromo Federalist Democratic Movement is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Benishangul Gumuz Peopleâ€™s Democratic Unity Front (Amharic: ) is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Afar National Democratic Party is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Gambella Peoplesâ€™ Democratic Movement is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Sheko and Mezenger Peoples Democratic Unity Organization is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Harari National League is a political party in Ethiopia. ... The Argoba National Democratic Organization is a political party in Ethiopia. ... Ethiopia held general elections on May 15, 2005, for seats in both its national and in four regional government councils. ... Doctor Beyene Petros (born 11 March 1950) is a professor at Addis Ababa University and a member of the Ethiopian Council of Peoples Representatives (CPR). ...

Judicial branch

The president and vice president of the Federal Supreme Court are recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the House of People's Representatives; for other federal judges, the prime minister submits candidates selected by the Federal Judicial Administrative Council to the House of People's Representatives for appointment. In May 2007, the Ethiopian Federal courts received “Technology in Government in Africa” (TIGA) Awards that is provided by Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) and the Canadian e-Policy Resource Center (CePRC). .^[14] The courts received the awards for their provision of efficient service for the public through the use of modern Information Communication Technologies (ICT).During the awarding ceremony held here, TIGA Executive Director Eric Davis said ICT plays a major role in achieving the development goals Africa has set to accomplish. The award is given in four categories and the Addis Ababa Revenue Agency and the Ethiopian Federal courts were given special awards for their activities on integrated revenue collection and courts reform program respectively.^[15]

Administrative divisions

Ethiopia is divided into 9 ethnically-based administrative regions (astedader akababiwach, singular - astedader akabibi) and 2 chartered cities*: Addis Ababa*; Afar; Amhara, Benishangul/Gumaz; Dire Dawa*; Gambela; Harar; Oromia; Somali; Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region; Tigray Map of Ethiopia highlighting the Afar region. ... Amhara (áŠ áˆ›áˆ«) may refer to: Amhara, an ethnic group of Ethiopia. ... Benishangul-Gumuz is one of the nine ethnic divisions (kililoch) of Ethiopia. ... Map of Ethiopia showing Dire Dawa (in red). ... Map of Ethiopia highlighting the Gambela region. ... Map of Ethiopia highlighting the Harari region (in red). ... Oromo flag The land of the Oromo Nation is known as Oromia (sometimes spelled Oromiya). ... Map of Ethiopia highlighting the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples region. ... Map of Ethiopia highlighting the Tigray region. ...

International organization participation

ACP, AfDB, ECA, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNU, UPU,WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO The ACP States are the countries that are signatories of the LomÃ© Convention. ... African Development Bank Group Aluminum Foil Deflector Beanie (Tin-foil hat) This page expands a four-character combination which might be any or all of: an abbreviation, an acronym, an initialism, a call sign, a word in English, or a word in another language. ... The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA or ECA) was established in 1958 to encourage economic cooperation among its member states (the nations of the African continent). ... The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. ... G24 countries. ... link titlelink titlelink titlelink titlelink title--210. ... IAEA The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), established as an autonomous organization on July 29, 1957, seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to inhibit its use for military purposes. ... The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, in Romance languages: BIRD), better known as the World Bank, is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII. Now, its mission has expanded to fight poverty by means of financing states. ... The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations, develops the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. ... Red Cross redirects here. ... The International Development Association (IDA) created on September 24, 1960, is the part of the World Bank that helps the worldâ€™s poorest countries. ... The International Fund for Agricultural Development is an agency of the United Nations. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) is an international humanitarian organisation, often better known as the Red Cross or the Red Crescent. ... The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) is a seven-country regional development organization in Eastern Africa. ... The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that deals with labour issues. ... The flag of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the international organization entrusted with overseeing the global financial system by monitoring foreign exchange rates and balance of payments, as well as offering technical and financial assistance when asked. ... Headquarters of the International Maritime Organisation in Lambeth, adjacent to the east end of Lambeth Bridge Headquarters building taken from the west side of the Thames Headquartered in London, U.K., the International Maritime Organization (IMO) promotes cooperation among governments and the shipping industry to improve maritime safety and to... Intelsat, Ltd. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Alternative meanings at IOC (disambiguation) The International Olympic Committee is an organization based in Lausanne, Switzerland, created by Pierre de Coubertin in 1894 to reinstate the Ancient Olympic Games held in Greece, and organize this sports event every four years. ... The International Organization for Migration is an intergovernmental organization. ... â€œISOâ€ redirects here. ... The International Telecommunication Union (ITU; French: Union internationale des tÃ©lÃ©communications, Spanish: UniÃ³n Internacional de Telecomunicaciones) is an international organization established to standardize and regulate international radio and telecommunications. ... Member states of the Non-Aligned Movement (2005). ... Flag of the Organisation of African Unity, later also used by the African Union. ... The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is an agency of the United Nations. ... This article is about the United Nations, for other uses of UN see UN (disambiguation) Official languages English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, Arabic Secretary-General Kofi Annan (since 1997) Established October 24, 1945 Member states 191 Headquarters New York City, NY, USA Official site http://www. ... The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was established in 1964 as a permanent intergovernmental body, UNCTAD is the principal organ of the United Nations General Assembly dealing with trade, investment and development issues. ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) (established December 14, 1950) protects and supports refugees at the request of a government or the United Nations and assists in their return or resettlement. ... United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) is an agency of the United Nations with the mission of helping countries pursue sustainable industrial development, it is a specialist in industrial affairs. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Universal Postal Union (UPU) is a international organization that coordinates postal policies between member nations, and hence the world-wide postal system. ... The World Customs Organization (WCO) is an intergovernmental organization that helps Members (currently Customs administrations from 169 countries) communicate and co-operate on customs issues. ... The World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) was established in the wake of the Second World War to bring together trade unions across the world in a single international organization, much like the United Nations. ... â€œWHOâ€ redirects here. ... The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations, and has as its core objectives the promotion of creative intellectual activity and the facilitation of the transfer of technology related to intellectual property to the developing countries in order to accelerate economic, social... The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 187 Member States and Territories. ... The World Tourism Organization (WTO) is a UN agency dealing with questions relating to tourism. ...

Royalists and government in exile

A group of Ethiopian royalists continue to operate The Crown Council of Ethiopia as a government in exile. This is a list of Monarchies taht existed in pre-republic Ethiopia and before. ... The Crown Council of Ethiopia is the Constitutional body which advises the reigning Emperors of Ethiopia, acts on behalf of the Crown and the councilâ€™s members are appointed by the Emperor. ... A government in exile is a political group that claims to be a countrys legitimate government, but for various reasons is unable to exercise its legal power, and instead resides in a foreign country. ...

References

BBC News is the department within the BBC responsible for the corporations news-gathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 116th day of the year (117th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... BBC News is the department within the BBC responsible for the corporations news-gathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 116th day of the year (117th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... BBC News is the department within the BBC responsible for the corporations news-gathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 116th day of the year (117th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Parliament of Ethiopia consists of two chambers: The House of Federation (Upper Chamber) The House of Peoples Representatives (Lower Chamber) Created with the adoption of the Ethiopian Constitution of 1995, the Parliament replaced the Shengo as the legislative branch of the Ethiopian government. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 116th day of the year (117th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Categories: All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements since April 2007 | Politics of Ethiopia Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... This is an alphabetical list of the sovereign states of the world, including both de jure and de facto independent states. ... Politics of Burkina Faso takes place in a framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Burkina Faso is both head of state and head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ... The constitution first approved in 1980 and substantially revised in 1992 forms the basis of government organization. ... Politics of the Central African Republic takes place in a framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President is both head of state and head of government (with an executive Prime Minister. ... Despite President Laurent-DÃ©sirÃ© Kabilas claims that his was a transitional government leading to a new constitution and full elections by April 1999, these elections have not as of 2004 been held, and a 1998 draft constitution has not been finalized. ... CÃ´te dIvoire is a republic, with a multiparty presidential regime established in 1960. ... The 1982 constitution of Equatorial Guinea gives the President extensive powers, including naming and dismissing members of the cabinet, making laws by decree, dissolving the Chamber of Representatives, negotiating and ratifying treaties and calling legislative elections. ... Following the promulgation of a new constitution in 1990, SÃ£o TomÃ© and PrÃncipe held multiparty elections for the first time since independence. ... Sierra Leone is a republic with an executive president and a multi-party system of government. ... // Constitution Following the 1994 elections, South Africa was governed under an interim constitution. ... A dependent territory, dependent area or dependency is a territory that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a State. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Types of administrative and/or political territories include: A legally administered territory, which is a non-sovereign geographic area that has come under the authority of another government. ... Politics of Saint Helena takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic dependency, whereby the Governor is the head of government. ...

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