On 4 February 2003 parliament of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia agreed to a weaker form of cooperation between Serbia and Montenegro within a commonwealth called "Serbia and Montenegro". February 4 is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... An aerial view of Parliament of India at New Delhi. ... Official language Serbian written in Cyrillic alphabet1 Capital Belgrade2 President3 Svetozar Marović Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 105th 102,350 km² 0. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Serbia and Montenegro  â€“ Serbia    â€“ Kosovo and Metohia        (UN administration)    â€“ Vojvodina  â€“ Montenegro Official language Serbian Capital Podgorica Former Royal Capital Cetinje President Filip Vujanović Prime Minister Milo Đukanović Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % water  13,812 km²  n/a Population  â€“ Total (2003)  â€“ Density  616,258  48. ... // Definition and linguistics The original phrase common wealth or the common weal is a calque translation of the Latin term res publica (public matters), from which the word republic comes, which was itself used as a synonym for the greek politeia as well as for the republican (i. ...

After June 1999, Kosovo was made a United Nations protectorate, under the UN Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) based in Priština. From early 2001, UNMIK has been working with representatives of the Serbian and union governments to reestablish stable relations in the region. A new assembly of the province was elected in November 2001, which formed a government and chose a president in February 2002. In spring 2002, UNMIK announced its plan to repatriate ethnic Serb internally displaced persons (IDPs). Main articles: League of Nations & History of the United Nations The term United Nations was coined by Franklin D. Roosevelt during World War II, to refer to the Allies. ... For the rule of Oliver Cromwell, see The Protectorate. ... The United Nations Mission in Kosovo or UNMIK is an interim civilian administration of the Serbian province (as part of Serbia and Montenegro) called Kosovo (officially Kosovo and Metohia), under the authority of the United Nations. ... The neutrality of this article is disputed. ...

Although threatened by Milošević throughout the last years of his rule, Montenegro's democratization efforts have continued. In January 1998, Milo Đukanović became Montenegro's president, following bitterly contested elections in November 1997, which were declared free and fair by international monitors. His coalition followed up with parliamentary elections in May. Having weathered Milošević's campaign to undermine his government, Đukanović has struggled to balance the pro-independence stance of his coalition with the changed domestic and international environment of the post-October 5 Balkans. In December 2002, Đukanović resigned as president and was appointed Prime Minister. The new President of Montenegro is Filip Vujanović. Milo Đukanović (right) talks to William Cohen in Pentagon, Nov. ... October 5 is the 278th day of the year (279th in Leap years). ... Sir Robert Walpole, the first Prime Minister A prime minister may be either: chief or leading member of the cabinet of the top-level government in a country having a parliamentary system of government; or the official, in countries with a semi-presidential system of government, appointed to manage the... Filip Vujanović is a politician and the president of Montenegro as of 2004. ...

Before October 5, even as opposition grew, Milošević continued to dominate the organs of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) Government. And although his political party, the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS), did not enjoy a majority in either the federal or Serbian parliaments, it dominated the governing coalitions and held all the key administrative posts. An essential element of Milošević's grasp on power was his control of the Serbian police, a heavily armed force of some 100,000 that was responsible for internal security and which committed serious human rights abuses. Routine federal elections in September 2000 resulted in a narrow official victory for Milošević and his coalition. Immediately, street protests and rallies filled cities across the country as Serbs rallied around Vojislav Koštunica, the recently formed Democratic Opposition of Serbia (DOS, a broad coalition of anti-Milošević parties) candidate for FRY president. Cries of fraud and calls for Milošević's removal echoed across city squares from Subotica to Niš. October 5 is the 278th day of the year (279th in Leap years). ... The Socialist Party of Serbia (Serbian: Socijalistička partija Srbije) is a political party in Serbia. ... Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica, Ph. ... The Democratic Opposition of Serbia was an alliance of political parties in Serbia, formed as an alliance against the ruling Socialist Party of Serbia and its leader, Slobodan Milosevic. ... Subotica city hall Subotica (Serbian: Суботица or Subotica, Hungarian: Szabadka, Croatian: Subotica, German: Mariatheresiopel, Slovak: Subotica, Rusin: Суботица, Romanian: Subotica or Subotita) is a city and municipality in northern Serbia and Montenegro, in the North Bačka District of Vojvodina, Serbia. ... Nis redirects here. ...

On October 5, 2000, Slobodan Milošević was forced to concede defeat after days of mass protests all across Serbia. New FRY President Vojislav Koštunica was soon joined at the top of the domestic Serbian political scene by the Democratic Party's (DS) Zoran Đinđić, who was elected Prime Minister of Serbia at the head of the DOS ticket in December's republican elections. After an initial honeymoon period in the wake of October 5, DSS and the rest of DOS, led by Đinđić and his DS, found themselves increasingly at odds over the nature and pace of the governments' reform programs. Although initial reform efforts were highly successful, especially in the economic and fiscal sectors, by the middle of 2002, the nationalist Koštunica and the pragmatic Đinđić were openly at odds. Koštunica's party, having informally withdrawn from all DOS decisionmaking bodies, was agitating for early elections to the Serbian Parliament in an effort to force Đinđić from the scene. After the initial euphoria of replacing Milošević's autocratic regime, the Serbian population, in reaction to this political maneuvering, was sliding into apathy and disillusionment with its leading politicians by mid-2002. This political stalemate continued for much of 2002, and reform initiatives stalled. Finally in February 2003, the Constitutional Charter was ratified by both republics, and the FRY Parliament and the name of the country was changed from Federal Republic of Yugoslavia to Serbia and Montenegro. Under the new Constitutional Charter, most federal functions and authorities devolved to the republic level. The office of President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, held by Vojislav Koštunica, ceased to exist once Svetozar Marović was elected President of Serbia and Montenegro. October 5 is the 278th day of the year (279th in Leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica, Ph. ... Zoran ĐinÄ‘ić Zoran ĐinÄ‘ić â–¶(?) (often Zoran Djindjic, from Serbian Cyrillic: Зоран Ђинђић) (August 1, 1952 – March 12, 2003) was Serbian prime minister, long-time opposition politician and philosopher by profession. ... October 5 is the 278th day of the year (279th in Leap years). ... Svetozar Marović (Светозар Маровић; born March 31, 1955 in Kotor) is a lawyer whos the current President of Serbia and Montenegro as well as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro. ...

On March 12, 2003, Serbian Prime Minister Zoran Đinđić was assassinated. The newly formed union government of Serbia and Montenegro reacted swiftly by calling a state of emergency and undertaking an unprecedented crackdown on organized crime which led to the arrest of more than 4,000 people. March 12 is the 71st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (72nd in Leap years). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Zoran ĐinÄ‘ić Zoran ĐinÄ‘ić â–¶(?) (often Zoran Djindjic, from Serbian Cyrillic: Зоран Ђинђић) (August 1, 1952 – March 12, 2003) was Serbian prime minister, long-time opposition politician and philosopher by profession. ...

The union Parliament is the lawmaking body of the Government of Serbia and Montenegro.

Facts

Country name:
conventional long form: Serbia and Montenegro
local long form: Srbija i Crna Gora

Government type: republic In a broad definition, a republic is a state whose political organization rests on the principle that the citizens or electorate constitute the ultimate root of legitimacy and sovereignty. ...

Capital: Belgrade [[Image:|Location of Belgrade]] Mayor Nenad Bogdanović Area 359. ...

Administrative divisions: 2 republics (republike, singular - republika); and 2 nominally autonomous provinces* (autonomne pokrajine, singular - autonomna pokrajina); Kosovo*, Montenegro, Serbia, Vojvodina* Serbia and Montenegro  â€“ Serbia    â€“ Kosovo and Metohia        (UN administration)    â€“ Vojvodina  â€“ Montenegro Official languages Serbian, Hungarian, Slovak, Romanian, Croatian, Rusin1 Capital Novi Sad Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % water  21,500 km²  n/a Population  â€“ Total (2002)  â€“ Density  2,031,992  94. ...

Independence: 11 April 1992 (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or FRY formed as self-proclaimed successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or SFRY) April 11 is the 101st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (102nd in leap years). ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... Official language none (1963–1974: Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian, Croato-Serbian, Slovenian) Capital Belgrade Largest city Belgrade Area (1991)  - Total  - % water Ranked xxst 255,804 km² Negligible Population  - Total (2004)  - Density Ranked xxth 20,522,972 80/km² Currency Yugoslav dinar Time zone  - in summer CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2...

National holiday: Republic Day, 29 November November 29 is the 333rd (in leap years the 334th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Constitution: 4 February 2003 February 4 is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Legal system: based on civil law system

Suffrage: 16 years of age, if employed; 18 years of age, universal

Executive branch:
chief of state: President Svetozar Marović (since 7 March 2003)
head of government: Prime Minister Dragiša Pešić (since 24 July 2001); Deputy Prime Minister Miroljub Labus (since 25 January 2001)
cabinet: Federal Ministries act as Cabinet
elections: president elected by the Parliament for a four-year term; election last held 7 March 2003 (next to be held NA 2007); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Svetozar Marović elected president by the Parliament; vote was Svetozar Marović 65, other 47 Svetozar Marović (Светозар Маровић; born March 31, 1955 in Kotor) is a lawyer whos the current President of Serbia and Montenegro as well as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro. ... March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in Leap years). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... DragiÅ¡a PeÅ¡ić (born 1954 in Danilovgrad, Montenegro) is a Montenegrin politician who was Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. ... July 24 is the 205th day (206th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 160 days remaining. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... Miroljub Labus (born 28 February, 1947) is a Serbian economist and politician. ... January 25 is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in Leap years). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament (126 seats - 91 Serbian, 35 Montenegrin) - filled by nominees of the two state parliaments for the first two years, after which the president will call for public elections
elections: last held 25 February 2003 (next to be held NA 2005)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - DOS 37, DLECG 19, DSS 17, ZP 14, SPS 12, SRS 8, SDP 5, SSJ 5, other 9 February 25 is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Judicial branch: Federal Court or Savezni Sud; Constitutional Court; judges for both courts are elected by the Federal Assembly for nine-year terms
note:after the promulgation of the new Constitution, the Federal Court will have constitutional and administrative functions; it will have an equal number of judges from each republic

Political parties and leaders

Main article: List of political parties in Serbia and Montenegro This article lists political parties in Serbia and Montenegro. ...

• Civic Alliance of Serbia or GSS
  • Nataša Mićić
• Democratic Party or DS
  • Boris Tadić
• Democratic Party of Serbia or DSS
  • Vojislav Koštunica
• G-17 Plus
  • Miroljub Labus
• Serbian Renewal Movement
  • Vuk Drašković
• New Serbia
  • Velimir Ilić
• Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro or DPS
  • Milo Đukanović
• Serbian Radical Party or SRS
  • Vojislav Seselj
• Socialist Party of Serbia or SPS
  • Slobodan Milošević- president
  • Zoran Anđelković, general secretary
• Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians or SVM
  • Jozsef Kasza
• Democratic League of Kosovo or LDK
  • Dr. Ibrahim Rugova, president
• Serbian People's Party of Montenegro or SNSCG
  • Andrija Mandić
• Democratic Opposition of Serbia or DOS (a coalition of many small parties including DSS for some time in 2000 and 2001) -- dissolved
• League of Vojvodina Social Democrats or LSV
  • leader Nenad Čanak
• Political Council for Preševo, Meveda and Bujanovac or PCPMB
  • leader NA
  • Emrush Xhemajli

The Civic Alliance of Serbia (Serbian: Грађански савез Србије; transliteration into the Latin alphabet: GraÄ‘anski savez Srbije) is a liberal party in Serbia. ... NataÅ¡a Mićić (Наташа Мићић) is a Serbian politician and the president of Civic Alliance of Serbia. ... The Democratic Party (Serbian: Демократска странка or Demokratska Stranka) is a political party in Serbia. ... Boris Tadić â–¶(?) (Борис Тадић) (born January 15, 1958 in Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina) is the President of Serbia. ... The Democratic Party of Serbia (DSS) (Демократска странка Србије / Demokratska stranka Srbije) is a political party in Serbia, led by Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica, the last president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. ... Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica, Ph. ... G17 Plus is a political party in Serbia espousing neo-liberal economic policies, consisting of former members of the Democratic Opposition of Serbia. ... Miroljub Labus (born 28 February, 1947) is a Serbian economist and politician. ... The Serbian Renewal Movement (Srpski Pokret Obnove) is a political party in Serbia. ... Vuk DraÅ¡ković (Вук Драшковић) (November 29, 1946) is a Serbian politician who is presently the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Serbia and Montenegro. ... New Serbia (Nova Srbija) is a political party in Serbia. ... PhD Velimir Ilić (born 1951) is current Minister of Capital Investment in Serbian government, cabinet of Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica. ... The Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro (Demokratska Partija Socijalista Crna Gore) is a political party in Montenegro. ... Milo Đukanović (right) talks to William Cohen in Pentagon, Nov. ... The Serbian Radical Party (Serbian: Српска радикална странка, Srpska radikalna stranka) is a Fashist political party in Serbia. ... Vojislav Šešelj (born October 11, 1954 in Sarajevo) is a Serbian politician, the president of the Serbian Radical Party during the 1990s. ... The Socialist Party of Serbia (Serbian: Socijalistička partija Srbije) is a political party in Serbia. ... Slobodan MiloÅ¡ević, on trial at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, The Hague Slobodan MiloÅ¡ević â–¶ (help· info) (Serbian: Слободан Милошевић, pronounced []; born 20 August 1941) is a former President of Serbia and of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia as well as leader of the Socialist Party of Serbia. ... The Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians (Savez vojvoÄ‘anskih MaÄ‘ara) is a regional minority political party in the Serbian province of Vojvodina. ... The Democratic League of Kosovo (Lidhja Demokratike e Kosovës) is the largest political party in Kosovo. ... Ibrahim Rugova, President of Kosovo Ibrahim Rugova (b. ... The Serb Peoples Party of Montenegro (Serbian: Српска народна странка Црне Горе/Srpska narodna stranka Crne Gore) is a political party in Montenegro. ... The Democratic Opposition of Serbia was an alliance of political parties in Serbia, formed as an alliance against the ruling Socialist Party of Serbia and its leader, Slobodan Milosevic. ...

International organization participation

ABEDA, BIS, CE (guest), CEI, EBRD, FAO, G-9, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISET, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO(observer) BIS Headquarters in Basel The Bank for International Settlements (BIS), based in Basel, Switzerland, is an international organization of central banks established in 1930 under the Hague agreements. ... The Palace of Europe in Strasbourg The Council of Europe is an international organisation of 46 member states in the European region. ... The Central European Initiative or CEI, is a cultural and scientific international cooperative of at present 17 countries, founded in 1991/92 as a successor of the Pentagonale group1. ... The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) was founded in 1991 to promote private and entrepreneurial initiatives in the countries of central and eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). ... Headquartered in Rome, Italy, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations programs seek to raise levels of nutrition and standards of living; to improve the production, processing, marketing, and distribution of food and agricultural products; to promote rural development; and, by these means, to eliminate hunger. ... The Group of 77 at the United Nations is a loose coalition of developing nations, designed to promote its members collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations. ... IAEA The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), established as an autonomous organization on July 29, 1957, seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to inhibit its use for military purposes. ... The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, in Romance languages: BIRD), better known as the World Bank, is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII. Now, its mission has expanded to fight poverty by means of financing states. ... The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations, develops the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. ... The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) is an international organization that works to promote and support global trade and globalization. ... The International Criminal Court (ICC) was established in 2002 as a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes, as defined by several international agreements, most prominently the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. ... Claiming 157 million members in 225 affiliated organisations in 148 countries and territories, the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) came into being on December 7, 1949 following a split within the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Red_Crystal_flag. ... The International Development Association (IDA) was created on September 24, 1960, is a UN specialized agency. ... The International Fund for Agricultural Development is an agency of the United Nations. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) is an international humanitarian organisation, often better known as the Red Cross or the Red Crescent. ... The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is an intergovernmental international organization established in 1921. ... For other meanings of the ILO abbreviation, see ILO (disambiguation). ... The flag of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the international organization entrusted with overseeing the global financial system by monitoring foreign exchange rates and balance of payments, as well as offering technical and financial assistance when asked. ... Headquarters of the International Maritime Organisation in Lambeth, adjacent to the east end of Lambeth Bridge Headquarters building taken from the west side of the Thames Headquartered in London, U.K., the International Maritime Organization (IMO) promotes cooperation among governments and the shipping industry to improve maritime safety and to... Interpol logo Interpol, more correctly the International Criminal Police Organization, was created in 1923 to assist international criminal police co-operation. ... The International Olympic Committee is an organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland, created by Pierre de Coubertin in 1894 to reinstate the Ancient Olympic Games held in Greece, and organise this sports event every four years. ... The International Organization for Migration is an intergovernmental organisation. ... Logo of the International Organization for Standardization The International Organization for Standardization (ISO or iso) is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from national standards bodies. ... The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is an international organization established to standardize and regulate international radio and telecommunications. ... The Non-Aligned Movement, or NAM, is an international organization of over 100 states which consider themselves not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. ... The Organization of American States (OAS; OEA in the other three official languages) is an international organization, headquartered in Washington, D.C., USA. Its members are the 35 independent nations of the Americas. ... The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is an agency of the United Nations. ... The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is an international organization for security. ... The phrase Hague Tribunal can also be used to refer to ICTY. The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA), also known as the Hague Tribunal is an international organization based in The Hague in the Netherlands. ... This article is about the United Nations, for other uses of UN see UN (disambiguation) Official languages English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, Arabic Secretary-General Kofi Annan (since 1997) Established October 24, 1945 Member states 191 Headquarters New York City, NY, USA Official site http://www. ... The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was established in 1964 as a permanent intergovernmental body, UNCTAD is the principal organ of the United Nations General Assembly dealing with trade, investment and development issues. ... UNESCO logo The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, commonly known as UNESCO, is a specialized agency of the United Nations system established in 1945. ... Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) (established December 14, 1950) protects and supports refugees at the request of a government or the United Nations and assists in their return or resettlement. ... United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) is an agency of the United Nations with the mission of helping countries pursue sustainable industrial development, it is a specialist in industrial affairs. ... The Universal Postal Union (UPU) is a international organization that coordinates postal policies between member nations, and hence the world-wide postal system. ... The World Confederation of Labour was founded in 1920 under the name of the International Federation of Christian Trade Unions as a confederation of unions associated with the Christian Democratic parties of Europe. ... World Customs Organization (WCO) is an intergovernmental organization that helps member states communicate and cooperate on customs issues. ... WHO emblem The World Health Organization (WHO) is an agency of the United Nations, acting as a coordinating authority on international public health, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. ... The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations, and has as its core objectives the promotion of creative intellectual activity and the facilitation of the transfer of technology related to intellectual property to the developing countries in order to accelerate economic, social... The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 187 Member States and Territories. ... The World Tourism Organization (WTO) is a UN agency dealing with questions relating to tourism. ... For other uses of the initials WTO, see WTO (disambiguation). ...

See also

• Politics of Europe
• Politics of Montenegro
• Politics of Serbia
• Politics of Vojvodina
• List of political parties in Serbia and Montenegro
• Prime Minister of Montenegro
• Cabinet of Montenegro
• Prime Minister of Serbia
• Cabinet of Serbia
• The Great Secret of Serbian Military Affair