Polkovnik (Russian: полко́вник), universally treated as Colonel, began as a commander of a distinct group of troops, Old Slavonic polk (полк), arranged for a particular battle. In late 1600s, it became a position of a regimental commander of the Strelets Troops; this position also made it into New Regiments of the Streltsy and later into the new army of Peter the Great. The rank was legalized by Table of Ranks that placed it in the 6th grade as the second-top field officer, right under the Brigadier. A promotion to the rank of Polkovnik gave a privilege for hereditary dvoryanstvo. Insignia of a United States Air Force Colonel Colonel is a military rank, usually the highest below general grades, and just above Lieutenant Colonel. ... Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century Decades: 1550s 1560s 1570s 1580s 1590s - 1600s - 1610s 1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s Years: 1600 1601 1602 1603 1604 1605 1606 1607 1608 1609 Events and Trends November 5, 1605 - The Gunpowder Plot to blow up the British Parliament. ... // Size and Composition A regiment is a military unit, larger than a company and smaller than a division. ... Regiments of the new type, or regiments of the foreign type (Полки нового строя or Полки иноземного строя, Polki nogovo (inozemnogo) stroya), a Russian term that is used to describe military units that were formed in Russia in the 17th century according to the Western European military standards. ... Streltsy (Стрельцы in Russian), a unit of Russian guardsmen in the 16th - early 18th centuries, armed with firearms. ... Peter I Emperor and Autocrat of All Russia Peter I (Pyotr Alekseyvich) (9 June 1672–8 February 1725 [30 May 1672–28 January 1725 O.S.1]) ruled Russia from 7 May (27 April O.S.) 1682 until his death. ... Table of Ranks (Табель о рангах; Tabel o rangakh) was a formal list of positions and ranks in military, government, and court of the Imperial Russia. ... Brigadier is a rank in the British Army, Royal Marines, Australian Army, New Zealand Army, and several other armies ranking above Colonel and immediately below Major-General. ... Dvoryanstvo ( Russian: дворянство) refers to a category of Russian nobility. ...

Podpolkovnik, a Sub-Polkovnik, is equivalent to Lieutenant Colonel. In the U.S. Army, Air Force and Marine Corps, a lieutenant colonel is a commissioned officer superior to a major and inferior to a colonel. ...

The Red Army reintroduced the Polkovnik rank in 1935, together with a number of other former Russian ranks, and it has been used in many ex-USSR countries, including Russian Federation, to the present day. Red Army flag The short forms Red Army and RKKA refer to the Workers and Peasants Red Army, (Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия - Raboche-Krestyanskaya Krasnaya Armiya in Russian), the armed forces organised by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918. ... 1935 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Pułkownik is a similar rank in the Polish Army. Polish Army (Polish Wojsko Polskie) is the name applied to the military forces of Poland. ...