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Encyclopedia > PolyGram Filmed Entertainment

PolyGram Filmed Entertainment (PFE) was a London-based film studio, founded in 1991 as a European competitor to Hollywood, but eventually sold and merged with Universal Pictures in 1999. Among its most successful films were Four Weddings and a Funeral (1994) and Fargo (1996). London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England. ... A movie studio is a location, room, building, or group of buildings and/or sound stages, offices and storage facilities, which may include a backlot, where movies are made. ... ... Universal Studios Theme Parks. ... Four Weddings and a Funeral is a 1994 British romantic comedy film directed by Mike Newell. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ... Fargo is a 1996 dramatic and dark comedy film created by Joel and Ethan Coen. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ...


The Dutch music company PolyGram (owned by Philips) created PFE in 1991 to consolidate its existing film companies. It invested US$200 million with the intention of developing a European film studio that could produce and distribute films internationally on a scale to match the major Hollywood studios. Following the style of its music business, the company produced films through a number of creatively semi-autonomous 'labels', such as Working Title Films in the UK and Propaganda Films and Interscope Communications in the US. It also built up it own network of distribution companies. Film production within Polygram differed from traditional Hollywood studios, in that power to make ('green light') a film was not centralised in the hands of a small number of executives, but instead was decided by negotiations between producers, management and marketing. PFE President, Michael Kuhn, claimed that "movies sort of green lit themselves." PolyGram was the name from 1972 of the major label recording company started by Philips as a holding company for its music interests in 1945. ... Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. (Royal Philips Electronics N.V.), usually known as Philips, (Euronext: PHIA, NYSE: PHG) is one of the largest electronics companies in the world. ... The Big Ten refers to the ten major film production studios. ... Working Title Films is a British film production company, based in London, England. ...


The company was based in the UK and invested heavily in British film making — some credit it with reviving the British film industry in the 1990s. Despite a successful production history, Philips decided to sell PFE to the drinks conglomerate Seagram in 1999. PFE's assets were merged into Seagram's existing film studio, Universal Pictures. Its library of films produced up until 1999 is now controlled by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. A conglomerate is a large company that consists of divisions of often seemingly unrelated businesses. ... The Seagram Company Ltd. ... Universal Studios Theme Parks. ... For alternate meanings of MGM, see MGM (disambiguation). ...

Contents


Production companies

  • Working Title Films (UK), acquired by PFE in 1991.
  • Propaganda Films (US), acquired in 1991.
  • Interscope Entertainment (US)
  • Gramercy Pictures, mainly film distribution company.
  • A&M Films
  • Island Pictures
  • Cinéa (France)

Working Title Films is a British film production company, based in London, England. ...

Selected films

Among the films directly produced by PFE were:

Movie poster from Ken Loachs Land and Freedom Land and Freedom is a 1995 film directed by Ken Loach and written by Jim Allen. ... When We Were Kings is a 1996 documentary film by Leon Gast about the famous Rumble in the Jungle heavyweight championship match between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman held in Zaire on October 30, 1974 and the lead-up to the fight. ... The Relic (1997), is a film starring Tom Sizemore, Penelope Ann Miller and Linda Hunt. ... Spiceworld is the second album by British pop group the Spice Girls, released in 1997 (see 1997 in music). ... Hard Rain is a live album by American musician Bob Dylan. ... Categories: Movie stubs | 1998 films | British films ...

Working Title

Map of the Human Heart is the title of a 1993 film by New Zealand director Vincent Ward. ... Posse is a 1993 Western movie starring Stephen Baldwin, Mario Van Peebles, Billy Zane, Tone Loc, Reginald VelJohnson, Tiny Lister, Big Daddy Kane and Blair Underwood. ... cover of DVD release Romeo Is Bleeding is a 1994 darkly comic police story starring Lena Olin and Gary Oldman. ... The Hudsucker Proxy (1994) is a screwball comedy film directed by Joel and Ethan Coen about the invention of the hula hoop. ... Four Weddings and a Funeral is a 1994 British romantic comedy film directed by Mike Newell. ... This article needs copyediting (checking for proper English spelling, grammar, usage, tone, style, and voice). ... Fargo is a 1996 dramatic and dark comedy film created by Joel and Ethan Coen. ... Mr. ... The Borrowers is a novel by Mary Norton about tiny people who borrow things from normal humans and keep their existence unknown. ... The Big Lebowski is a 1998 film written and directed by Joel and Ethan Coen starring Jeff Bridges as Jeffrey The Dude Lebowski, John Goodman as Walter, Julianne Moore as Maude Lebowski, David Huddleston as Jeffrey The Big Lebowski, Philip Seymour Hoffman as Brandt, and Sam Elliott as The Stranger... Elizabeth is a 1998 movie about the early reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England. ... For places named Notting Hill, see Notting Hill. ...

Propaganda

CANDYMAN, born in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba with the name Rubén Cuesta Palomo, is the reggaeton/hip hop legend of the island. ... The TriStar Pegasus logo, used since 1993. ... Bob Roberts is a 1992 film directed and written by Tim Robbins. ... Kalifornia is a 1993 movie directed by Dominic Sena, starring a group of then-unknowns who have since become stars in their own right: David Duchovny, Michelle Forbes, Juliette Lewis and Brad Pitt. ... Publicity photo from Barb Wire Barb Wire was a comic book series set in a post-apocalyptic world, published by Comics Greatest World, an imprint of Dark Horse Comics. ... Sleepers (1996) is a dramatic movie based the on Lorenzo Carcaterras novel of the same name, which Carcaterra alleges to be a factual account of events suffered by him. ... The Game is a 1997 film directed by David Fincher, which tells the story of a wealthy businessman who is gifted with prepaid access to a strange game. ... Being John Malkovich is a 1999 film written by Charlie Kaufman and directed by Spike Jonze. ...

Interscope

The Air Up There is a 1994 comedic film directed by Paul Michael Glaser. ... Jumanji is a 1995 feature film based on Jumanji, a 1982 childrens book written and illustrated by Chris Van Allsburg. ... Mr. ... Kazaam film poster Kazaam is a 1996 film produced by Touchstone Pictures and starring Shaquille ONeal and Francis Capra. ... DVD cover for What Dreams May Come What Dreams May Come is a 1998 drama film, starring Robin Williams, Cuba Gooding Jr. ... Very Bad Things is a 1998 film, directed by Peter Berg. ...

Gramercy

For the Richard Linklater movie, see Dazed and Confused (movie) For the UK style magazine, see Dazed & Confused (magazine) Dazed and Confused is a 1969 song by Led Zeppelin. ... Backbeat is a 1994 movie that chronicles the early days of The Beatles in Hamburg, Germany. ... The Usual Suspects, a 1995 American movie written by Christopher McQuarrie (who earned an Oscar for the screenplay) and directed by Bryan Singer. ... Look up guy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

References

  • Michael Kuhn, One Hundred Films and a Funeral: The Life and Death of Polygram Films, Thorogood, 2002. ISBN 1854182161.

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