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Being Pontifex Maximus was not a full-time job and did not preclude the office-holder from holding a secular magistracy or serving in the military.
Pontifex summus was an expression used to distinguish Hilary of Arles (died 449) as the bishop of the notable see of Gallia Narbonensis, in relation to those of less importance, by Eucherius of Lyons (Catholic Encyclopedia, quoting Pat.
The secular equivalent of the emperor as Pontifex Maximus is the philosopher-king of the Greek sages, with whom the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius is said to have identified, as a stoic, and to which the Prussian king Frederick the Great and the French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte aspired, both as philosophes.
Being Pontifex Maximus was not a full-time job and did not preclude the office-holder from holding a secular magistracy or serving in the military.
The 'Pontifex Maximus,' that is the 'bishop of bishops,' issues an edict: 'I remit, to such as have discharged [the requirements of] repentance, the sins both of adultery and of fornication.' O edict, on which cannot be inscribed, 'Good deed!' … Far, far from Christ's betrothed be such a proclamation!" (Tertullian, On Modesty ch.
Pontifex summus was an expression used to distinguish Hilary of Arles (died 449) as the bishop of the notable see of Gallia Narbonensis, in relation to those of less importance, by Eucherius of Lyons (Catholic Encyclopedia, quoting Pat.
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