Martin IV
Birth name	Simon de Brion
Papacy began	February 21, 1281
Papacy ended	March 28, 1285
Predecessor	Nicholas III
Successor	Honorius IV
Born	ca. 1210 Touraine, France
Died	March 28, 1285 Perugia, Italy
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Martin IV, né Simon de Brion (ca. 1210 – March 28, 1285), held the papacy from February 21, 1281 until his death. Image File history File links B_Martin_IV.jpg Summary H.H. Pope Martin IV Licensing This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years or less. ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events February 22 - Martin IV becomes Pope August 15 - Kamikaze storm wipes out invading Mongol army in the coast of Japan The Ottoman Empire was founded as an autonomous state (Beylik) in present day Bilecik, Turkey, by Osman Bey. ... March 28 is the 87th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (88th in Leap years). ... For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ... . Nicholas III, né Giovanni Gaetano Orsini (Rome, ca. ... Honorius IV, né Giacomo Savelli (Rome, ca. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Tsuchimikado, emperor of Japan Emperor Juntoku ascends to the throne of Japan Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor excommunicated by Pope Innocent III for invading southern Italy in 1210 Gottfried von Strassburg writes his epic poem Tristan about 1210 Beginning of Delhi Sultanate Births... The Touraine is a former province of France. ... March 28 is the 87th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (88th in Leap years). ... For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ... Perugia is the capital city in the region of Umbria in central Italy, near the Tiber river, and the capital of the province of Perugia. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Tsuchimikado, emperor of Japan Emperor Juntoku ascends to the throne of Japan Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor excommunicated by Pope Innocent III for invading southern Italy in 1210 Gottfried von Strassburg writes his epic poem Tristan about 1210 Beginning of Delhi Sultanate Births... March 28 is the 87th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (88th in Leap years). ... For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ... The Pope (from Greek: pappas, father; from Latin: papa, Papa, father) is the successor of St. ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events February 22 - Martin IV becomes Pope August 15 - Kamikaze storm wipes out invading Mongol army in the coast of Japan The Ottoman Empire was founded as an autonomous state (Beylik) in present day Bilecik, Turkey, by Osman Bey. ...

Simon de Brion was born in France at Montpensier Castle in the province of Touraine (near Tours), in about 1210. He spent a brief period as a priest in Rouen, then served as canon and treasurer at the church of St. Martin in Tours. The Touraine is a former province of France. ... Location within France Tours Cathedral: 15th century Flamboyante Gothic west front with Renaissance pinnacles, 1547 Tours Cathedral. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Tsuchimikado, emperor of Japan Emperor Juntoku ascends to the throne of Japan Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor excommunicated by Pope Innocent III for invading southern Italy in 1210 Gottfried von Strassburg writes his epic poem Tristan about 1210 Beginning of Delhi Sultanate Births... Roman Catholic priest LCDR Allen R. Kuss (USN) aboard USS Enterprise A priest or priestess is a holy man or woman who takes an officiating role in worship of any religion, with the distinguishing characteristic of offering sacrifices. ... Location within France Rouen Cathedral The entrance to Rouen Cathedral Abbey church of Saint-Ouen, (chevet) in Rouen Rouen, medieval house Rouen (pronounced in French, sometimes also ) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France, and presently the capital of the Haute-Normandie (Upper Normandy) région. ... A canon (from the Latin canonicus and Greek κανωνικωσ relating to a rule) is a priest who is a member of certain bodies of the Christian clergy subject to a rule (canon). ...

In 1260, he was made chancellor of France by Louis IX of France (1226–70). Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Fukakusa of Japan Emperor Kameyama ascends to the throne of Japan September 3 - Mongols defeated by Mameluks at Battle of Ain Jalut Samogatians and Curonians defeats Teutonic knights in Battle of Durbe Births Maximus Planudes, Byzantine grammarian and theologian Deaths Monarchs/Presidents... This page is a list of French justice ministers. ... Only representation of Saint Louis known to be true to life - Early 14th century statue from the church of Mainneville, Eure, France King Louis IX of France or Saint Louis (April 25, 1214/1215 – August 25, 1270) was King of France from 1226 until his death. ...

In December 1262, he was made cardinal-priest (nominally in charge of the church of St. Cecilia) by Pope Urban IV (1261–64). Events Strasbourg becomes a Free City of the Holy Roman Empire First Visconti become the lord of Iceland swear fealty to the king of Norway, bringing an end to the Icelandic Commonwealth Births Ladislaus IV of Hungary Deaths Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona... Urban IV, born Jacques Pantaléon (Troyes, ca. ...

He served as a legate for Urban IV and also for his successor Pope Clement IV (1265–68) in the negotiations for the assumption of the crown of Sicily by Charles of Anjou, with whom he became deeply politically entwined. Later, Pope Gregory X (1271–76) sent him again as legate to stem the abuses of the Catholic Church there; there he presided over several synods on reform, the most important of which was held at Bourges in September, 1276. A Papal Legate -from the Latin, authentic Roman title Legatus- is a personal representative of the Pope to the nations, or rather to some part of the universal church. ... Clement IV, né Gui Faucoi le Gros ( Guy Foulques the Fat or Guido le Gros) (Saint-Gilles-du-Gard, November 23, year uncertain – Viterbo, November 29, 1268), was elected Pope February 5, 1265, in a conclave held at Perugia that took four months, while cardinals argued over whether to call... Sicilian disambiguates here; see also Sicilian language or Sicilian Defence. ... Charles I (March 1227 - January 7, 1285) was the posthumous son of King Louis VIII of France, created Count of Anjou by his elder brother King Louis IX in 1246, thus founding the second Angevin dynasty. ... Gregory X, né Theobald Visconti (Piacenza, ca. ... A synod (also known as a council) is a council of a church, usually a Christian church, convened to decide an issue of doctrine, administration or application. ... The vaulted nave of Bourges Cathedral Bourges (pop. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ...

Six months after the death of Pope Nicholas III (1277–80) in 1280, Charles of Anjou intervened in the papal conclave at Viterbo by imprisoning two influential Italian cardinals, on the grounds that they were interfering with the election. Without their opposition, Simon de Brion was unanimously elected to the papacy, taking the name Martin IV, on February 22, 1281. . Nicholas III, né Giovanni Gaetano Orsini (Rome, ca. ... For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ... Charles I (March 1227 - January 7, 1285) was the posthumous son of King Louis VIII of France, created Count of Anjou by his elder brother King Louis IX in 1246, thus founding the second Angevin dynasty. ... This article needs copyediting (checking for proper English spelling, grammar, usage, tone, style, and voice). ... February 22 is the 53rd day of every year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events February 22 - Martin IV becomes Pope August 15 - Kamikaze storm wipes out invading Mongol army in the coast of Japan The Ottoman Empire was founded as an autonomous state (Beylik) in present day Bilecik, Turkey, by Osman Bey. ...

Viterbo was placed under interdict for the imprisonment of the cardinals, and Rome was not at all inclined to accept a hated Frenchman as Pope, so Martin IV was crowned instead at Orvieto on March 23, 1281. (Though he was only the second Pope to choose the name Martin, he is now known as Martin IV, because the Popes Marinus I (882–884) and Marinus II (942–946) have historically been listed among the Martins.) The word interdict usually refers to an ecclesiastical penalty in the Roman Catholic Church. ... City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus – SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC mythical, 1st millennium BC Region Latium Mayor Walter Veltroni (Left-Wing Democrats) Area  - City Proper  1285 km² Population  - City (2004)  - Metropolitan  - Density (city proper) 2. ... The site of Orvieto is an Etruscan acropolis. ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (83rd in Leap years). ... Events February 22 - Martin IV becomes Pope August 15 - Kamikaze storm wipes out invading Mongol army in the coast of Japan The Ottoman Empire was founded as an autonomous state (Beylik) in present day Bilecik, Turkey, by Osman Bey. ... Marinus I (or Martin II), Pope between December 16, 882- May 15, 884. ... Marinus II (Martin III) Pope from 942 to 946, was preceded by Stephen IX, and followed by Agapetus II Elevated to the papacy through intervention of Alberic II of Spoleto. ...

Dependent on Charles of Anjou in nearly everything, the new Pope quickly appointed him to the position of Roman Senator. At the insistence of Charles, Martin IV excommunicated the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII Palaeologus (1261–82), who stood in the way of Charles' plans to restore the Latin Empire of the East. He thus broke the tenuous union which had been reached between the Greek and the Latin Churches at the Second Council of Lyons in 1274, and further compromise was rendered impossible. The Roman Senate (Lat. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Byzantine Empire (Greek: Βασιλεία Ῥωμαίων) is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... The Byzantine Empire in 1265 (William R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas, 1911) Michael VIII (1225 – December 11, 1282) was the founder of the Palaeologos dynasty that would rule the Byzantine Empire to the Fall of Constantinople in 1453. ... The Second Council of Lyon was a Roman Catholic council convened in Lyon in 1274. ... Events May 7 - In France the Second Council of Lyons opens to consider the condition of the Holy Land and to agree to a union with the Byzantine church. ...

In 1282, Charles was overthrown in the violent massacre known as the Sicilian Vespers. The Sicilians had elected Peter III of Aragon (1276–85) as their King, but Martin IV used all the spiritual and material resources at his command against him, trying to preserve Sicily for France. He excommunicated Peter III, declared his kingdom of Aragon forfeit, and ordered a crusade against him, but it was all in vain. For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ... Sicilian Vespers (1846), by Francesco Hayez The Sicilian Vespers is the name given to a rebellion in Sicily in 1282 against the rule of the Angevin king Charles I, who had taken control of the island with Papal support in 1266. ... Peter III of Aragon (Catalan: Pere) (1239 – November 11, 1285, also Peter I of Valencia, Peter II of Barcelona), known as the Great, was the king of Aragon and Valencia and count of Barcelona from 1276 to 1285. ...

Pope Martin IV died at Perugia on March 28, 1285. Perugia is the capital city in the region of Umbria in central Italy, near the Tiber river, and the capital of the province of Perugia. ... March 28 is the 87th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (88th in Leap years). ... For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ...

Among the seven cardinals created by Martin IV was Benedetto Gaetano, who afterwards ascended the papal throne as the famous Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303). Boniface VIII, né Benedetto Caetani (Anagni, ca. ...

In the Divine Comedy Dante sees Martin IV in Purgatory, where the reader is reminded of the former pontiff's fondess for eels and wine. Dante shown holding a copy of The Divine Comedy, next to the entrance to Hell, the seven terraces of Mount Purgatory and the city of Florence, with the spheres of Heaven above, in Michelinos fresco. ... The term purgatory is generally defined as the means by which the elect reach perfection before entering into the Kingdom of Heaven. The term purgatory in accordance with Catholic teaching, is a place or condition of temporal punishment for those who, departing this life in Gods grace are not...