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Encyclopedia > Pope John XXI
John XXI
Birth name Pedro Julião
Papacy began September 13, 1276
Papacy ended May 20, 1277
Predecessor Adrian V
Successor Nicholas III
Born ca. 1215
Lisbon, Portugal
Died May 20, 1277
Viterbo, Italy
Other Popes named John

Pope John XXI (1215 – May 20, 1277), born Pedro Julião, a Portuguese also called Pedro Hispano (Latin, Petrus Hispanus), was Pope from 1276 until his death. Image File history File links B_Johannes_XXI.jpg Summary H.H. Pope John XXI Licensing This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years or less. ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... May 20 is the 140th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (141st in leap years). ... Events The philosophical doctrine Averroism is banned from Paris by bishop Etienne Tempier Burmas Pagan empire begins to disintegrate after being defeated by Kublai Khan at Ngasaungsyan, near the Chinese border. ... Adrian V (also known as Hadrian V), né Ottobuono de Fieschi (c. ... . Nicholas III, né Giovanni Gaetano Orsini (Rome, ca. ... // Events A certified copy of the Magna Carta June 15 - King John of England forced to put his seal to the Magna Carta, outlining the rights of landowning men (nobles and knights) and restricting the kings power. ... Location    - Country Portugal    - Region Lisbon  - Subregion Grande Lisboa  - District or A.R. Lisbon Mayor Carmona Rodrigues  - Party PSD Area 84. ... May 20 is the 140th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (141st in leap years). ... Events The philosophical doctrine Averroism is banned from Paris by bishop Etienne Tempier Burmas Pagan empire begins to disintegrate after being defeated by Kublai Khan at Ngasaungsyan, near the Chinese border. ... Country Italy Region Lazio Province Viterbo (VT) Mayor Giampiero Gabbianelli Elevation 326 m Area 406,28 km² Population  - Total 60,537  - Density 148. ... Pope John has been the name of twenty one Roman Catholic Popes: Pope John I Pope John II Pope John III Pope John IV Pope John V Pope John VI Pope John VII Pope John VIII Pope John IX Pope John X Pope John XI Pope John XII Pope John... // Events A certified copy of the Magna Carta June 15 - King John of England forced to put his seal to the Magna Carta, outlining the rights of landowning men (nobles and knights) and restricting the kings power. ... May 20 is the 140th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (141st in leap years). ... Events The philosophical doctrine Averroism is banned from Paris by bishop Etienne Tempier Burmas Pagan empire begins to disintegrate after being defeated by Kublai Khan at Ngasaungsyan, near the Chinese border. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... The current Pope is Benedict XVI (born Joseph Alois Ratzinger), who was elected at the age of 78 on 19 April 2005. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ...


Note that the previous Pope named John was Pope John XIX (1024–32) and there is no Pope John XX (see article for explanation). John XIX (born in Rome, died October 1032), born Romanus, was Pope from 1024 to 1032. ... There has never been a Pope John XX. Some 11th century historians believed that there had been a pope named John between antipope Boniface VII and the actual Pope John XV; thus, the series of Pope John XV to Pope John XIX was mistakenly numbered John XVI to XX. These...


Pedro Julião, born between 1210 and 1220, was probably born in Lisbon. He started his studies at the Episcopal school of Lisbon Cathedral, and later entered University of Paris, although some historians claim that he was educated at Montpellier. Wherever he studied, he concentrated on medicine, theology, and Aristotle's dialectic, logic, physics and metaphysics. Events End of the reign of Emperor Tsuchimikado, emperor of Japan Emperor Juntoku ascends to the throne of Japan Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor excommunicated by Pope Innocent III for invading southern Italy in 1210 Gottfried von Strassburg writes his epic poem Tristan about 1210 Beginning of Delhi Sultanate Births... // The world in 1220 Middle Ages in Europe Fifth Crusade (1217-1221) Events Mongols first invade Abbasid caliphate - Bukhara and Samarkand taken End of the Kara-Khitan Khanate, destroyed by Genghis Khans Mongolian cavalry Dominican Order approved by Pope Honorius III Frederick II crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope... Location    - Country Portugal    - Region Lisbon  - Subregion Grande Lisboa  - District or A.R. Lisbon Mayor Carmona Rodrigues  - Party PSD Area 84. ... The Sorbonne, Paris, in a 17th century engraving The historic University of Paris (French: Université de Paris) first appeared in the second half of the 12th century, but was in 1970 reorganized as 13 autonomous universities (University of Paris I–XIII). ... Montpellier (Occitan Montpelhièr) is a city in the south of France. ... Aristotle (Greek: AristotélÄ“s) (384 BC – March 7, 322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. ...


From 1245 to 1250 he became known as Pedro Hispano (because he came from the Iberian Peninsula, known as Hispania) and taught medicine at the university of Siena, where he wrote the Summulae Logicales, a reference manual on Aristotelian logic in use in European universities for more than 300 years (see Peter of Spain for some controversies). He became famous as a university teacher, then returned to Lisbon. In the courts of Guimarães he was the councilor and spokesman of the king Afonso III of Portugal (1248–79) in church matters; later, becoming prior of Guimarães. He tried to become Bishop of Lisbon, but he was defeated, a personal failure, but became the master of the school of Lisbon. Events Rebellion against king Sancho II of Portugal in favor of his brother Alphonso. ... Events December 13 - Death of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IX of France is captured by Muslims and has to ransom himself Mabinogion appears Albertus Magnus isolates the element arsenic Vincent of Beauvais writes proto-encyclopedic The Greater Mirror City of Stockholm founded Alphonso III of Portugal takes Algarve... Siena is a city in Tuscany, Italy. ... Peter of Spain (thirteenth century) is a Spanish author of Tractatus a standard textbook on logic, and until recently credited with a number of works on medicine. ... District or region Braga Mayor   - Party Magalhães Silva PS Area 241. ... Afonso III of Portugal (Portuguese pron. ... Prior is a Latin adjective, meaning coming before, as earlier (as in a priori, regardless what comes next). ... The Patriarch of Lisbon is one of the few western Patriarchs in the Roman Catholic Church, an honorary title without actual authority except for the Patriarch of Rome, as Pope. ...


Pedro became the physician of Pope Gregory X (1271–76). Gregory X, né Theobald Visconti (Piacenza, ca. ...

Papal Arms of Pope John XXI.
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Papal Arms of Pope John XXI.

After the death of Pope Adrian V, on August 18, 1276, Pedro Hispano was elected Pope at the conclave of cardinals on September 13, and he was crowned a week later. One of John XXI's few acts during his brief rule was to reverse the decree passed at the Second Council of Lyons, which confined cardinals in solitude until they elected a successor Pope. Image File history File links Johannes_XXI1. ... Image File history File links Johannes_XXI1. ... Adrian V (also known as Hadrian V), né Ottobuono de Fieschi (c. ... August 18 is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... con·clave (knklv, kng-) n. ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... The Second Council of Lyon was a Roman Catholic council convened in Lyon in 1274. ...


The Pope added a new wing to his palace at Viterbo; it was poorly built, and while he lay sleeping part of the roof fell in and he was seriously injured. John XXI died eight days later, on May 20, 1277 and was buried there in the Duomo di Viterbo. He ruled for only about eight months. He tried to make a crusade for the Holy Land and unite the Eastern and Western churches, attempting to maintain peace between the Christian nations. His tomb is in Viterbo Cathedral. Country Italy Region Lazio Province Viterbo (VT) Mayor Giampiero Gabbianelli Elevation 326 m Area 406,28 km² Population  - Total 60,537  - Density 148. ... The Duomo di Viterbo, (or Viterbo Cathedral), officially named the Cathedral of San Lorenzo is the main Roman Catholic church of the city of Viterbo in the Province of Viterbo in the northern part of the Italian state of Lazio. ... This article is about the medieval crusades. ... Terra Sancta sive Palæstina with Israelite tribal allotments shown. ...


In the Divine Comedy Dante sees John XXI (named as "Pietro Spano") in the Heaven of the Sun with the other spirits of great religious scholars. Dante shown holding a copy of The Divine Comedy, next to the entrance to Hell, the seven terraces of Mount Purgatory and the city of Florence, with the spheres of Heaven above, in Michelinos fresco. ...

Preceded by:
Adrian V		 Pope
1276–77		 Succeeded by:
Nicholas III
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  Results from FactBites:
 
Pope John XXI - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (377 words)
After the death of Pope Adrian V, on August 18, 1276, Pedro Hispano was elected Pope at the conclave of cardinals on September 13, and he was crowned a week later.
One of John XXI's few acts during his brief rule was to reverse the decree passed at the Second Council of Lyons, which confined cardinals in solitude until they elected a successor Pope.
The Pope added a new wing to his palace at Viterbo; it was poorly built, and while he lay sleeping part of the roof fell in and he was seriously injured.
Pope John XX - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (227 words)
Some 11th century historians believed that there had been a pope named John between antipope Boniface VII and the actual Pope John XV; thus, the series of Pope John XV to Pope John XIX was mistakenly numbered John XVI to XX.
These popes have been renumbered as John XV to XIX; however, Pope John XXI to Pope John XXIII were numbered based on the confusion of having twenty Popes John before them.
Hence, Pope John XX doesn't exist, having been skipped over in the enumeration of popes, and as the enumeration is now firmly established, it is unlikely that any attempt at rectification will be made.
  More results at FactBites »

 

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