The Popular Republican Movement (Mouvement Républicain Populaire or MRP) was a French Christian democratic party of the Fourth Republic. Its leaders included Georges Bidault, Robert Schuman, Paul Coste-Floret, Pierre-Henri Teitgen and Pierre Pflimlin. Christian democracy is a diverse political ideology and movement. ... Political parties Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A political party is a political organization that seeks to attain political power within a government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Georges Bidault, French statesman Georges-Augustin Bidault (October 5, 1899 – January 27, 1983) was a French politician and active in the French Resistance and Organisation de lArmée Secrète (OAS). ... Robert Schuman (June 29, 1886 – September 4, 1963) was a noted Luxembourg-born German-French politician, a Christian Democrat (M.R.P.) who is regarded as one of the founders of the European Union. ... An editor has expressed a concern that the subject of the article does not satisfy the notability guideline for Biographies. ... Pierre-Henri Teitgen was born in Rennes on May 29th, 1908 and died on April, 6th 1997 in Paris . ... Pierre Pflimlin (February 5, 1907 in Roubaix - June 27, 2000 in Strasbourg) was a French Christian Democratic politician who served as the penultimate Prime Minister of the Fourth Republic for a few weeks in 1958, before being replaced by Charles de Gaulle during the crisis of that year. ...

Origins of the French Christian Democracy

In 1876, for the first time, the majority of the House of Deputies was Republican. One year later, it won the 1877 elections against President Mac-Mahon, following the May 16, 1877 crisis. Mac-Mahon wanted a monarchic restauration. After his resignation in 1879, the Republicans held the legislative and executive powers. French Presidential elections under the Third Republic involved the election of the President of France by the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. ... Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta President of France, 1873-1879 Marie Edmé Patrice Maurice MacMahon, duc de Magenta, Marshal of France (July 13, 1808 - October 16, 1893) was a Frenchman of Irish descent. ... The May 16, 1877 crisis (French: Crise du Seize mai) is one of the main political crisis during the French Third Republic (1870-1940) with two defining traits: it concerned both the contested supremacy of counterrevolutionaries monarchists on the new Republic, and the role and power of the president. ...

The Catholic Church was mistrustful about Republic and ideas of the French Revolution, as the popular sovereignty which questionned the superiority of the spiritual over the temporal power. For this reason, it supported all the conservative governments of the 19th century, notably Mac-Mahon and his policy of "moral order". The name Catholic Church can mean a visible organization that refers to itself as Catholic, or the invisible Christian Church, viz. ... The French Revolution (1789–1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on...

In 1892, in his encyclical Inter sollicitudines, Pope Leo XIII advised the French Catholics to rally Republic. The previous year, another encyclical, Rerum novarum denounced the capitalistic society and the socialist ideology, and advocated creation of Catholic popular organizations. In 1894, students founded Le Sillon (the furrow). Its leader Marc Sangnier militated for spiritual values, democracy and social reforms. It represented the progressive wing of the french Catholicism. But it was dissolved in 1910 by an ordre of papacy. Pope Leo XIII Supreme Pontiff (1878-1903) Leo XIII, né Gioacchino Pecci (March 2, 1810 - July 20, 1903) was Pope from 1878 to 1903. ...

At the beginning of the 20th century, many organizations appeared: the Christian Workers Youth, the Christian Agricultural Youth, the French Confederation of Christian Workers. In 1924, the Popular Democratic Party (Parti démocrate populaire or PDP) was founded but it remained a small center-right party. However, the Christian Democratic ideas rose in intellectual circles. Emmanuel Mounier founded the review Esprit (mind or spirit) which denounced fascism and passivity of the Western democracies. In the paper L'Aube (the dawn), Francisque Gay and Georges Bidault shared similar theses. These circles participated actively to the anti-Nazi underground Resistance during the Second World War. The Confédération Française des Travailleurs Chrétiens (CFTC or French Confederation of Christian Workers) is one of the five major French confederations of trade unions. ... The Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico —or Partido Popular Democrático de Puerto Rico (PPD) in Spanish— is a political party that stands for Puerto Rico to be a free associated state of the United States, which is also known as a commonwealth status. ... Emmanuel Mounier (philosophe français 1905-1950) Mounier was the guiding spirit in the French personalist movement, and founder and director of Esprit, the magazine which is the organ of the movement. ... Esprit is a French literary magazine. ... Georges Bidault, French statesman Georges-Augustin Bidault (October 5, 1899 – January 27, 1983) was a French politician and active in the French Resistance and Organisation de lArmée Secrète (OAS). ... National Socialism redirects here. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ...

Foundation and height of the MRP

In 1944, some prominent French politicians wanted rally all the non-Communist Resistance behind Charles De Gaulle. This project failed. The Socialist party SFIO was refounded and people from the Christian resistance movement founded the Popular Republican Movement. It claimed its loyalty to De Gaulle. This one led the provisional government composed of Communists, Socialists and Christian-Democrats. At the November 1945 legislative election, the MRP was second (23.9%) after the French Communist Party (Parti communiste français or PCF). The MRP benefited from the absence of real right-wing challenger to rally the conservative electorate. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Section Française de lInternationale Ouvrière (SFIO, French section of the Workers International), founded in 1905, was a French socialist political party, designed as the local section of the Second International (i. ... Legislative elections in France Parties and Elections Categories: | | | ... This does not cite any references or sources. ...

The relation with De Gaulle deteriorated. In January 1946, the president of the provisional government resigned in order of denounced the restauration of "parties's regim". The MRP ministers chose to stay in government. Nevertheless, the party called to reject the constitutional project in may 1946. After that, the MRP became the largest party in the June 1946 legislative election (28.2%) and Bidault took the lead of the cabinet. In october 1946, the MRP associated with the SFIO and the PCF, presented a new constitutional project. It is approved whereas De Gaulle called to vote "no". One year later, a Gaullist party was founded under the name of Rally of the French People (Rassemblement du peuple français or RPF). Parties and Elections Categories: | | | ... In France the Gaullist Party is usually used to refer to the largest party professing to be Gaullist. ...

The MRP became a mainstay of the Fourth Republic. It was allied with the Socialists and the Communist in the Three-parties alliance until springer 1947. Then, it participated to the Third force rallying center-left and center-right parties. Two Christian-Democrats led the cabinet: Georges Bidault (june-december 1946, october 1949-july 1950) and Robert Schuman (november 1947-july 1948, august-september 1948) who presented, as Foreign Minister, the project of European Community. Indeed, the European unification was an important part in the MRP identity. There were several Fourth Republics in the course of history. ... The Three-parties alliance (Tripartisme in French) was a coalition which governed in France from 1944 to 1947, composed of the Communists (PCF), the Socialists (SFIO) and the Christian-Democrats (MRP), which at the beginning regrouped Gaullists. ... Northern Ireland politician Ian Paisleys paramilitary force established to oppose the 1985 Anglo-Irish Agreement. ... Robert Schuman (June 29, 1886 – September 4, 1963) was a noted Luxembourg-born German-French politician, a Christian Democrat (M.R.P.) who is regarded as one of the founders of the European Union. ...

A gradual decline

With the creation of the Gaullist RPF and the reconstruction of the conservative right in the National Center of Independents and Peasants (Centre national des indépendants et paysans or CNIP), the MRP faced with challengers to represent the right-wing electorate. At the 1951 legislative election, it lost the half of its 1946 voters (12.6%). Furthemore, due to its propensity for integrating conservative politicians sometimes compromised by their association with Vichy, it was sardonically nicknamed the "Machine à Ramasser les Pétainistes" ("Machine for collecting Pétainists"). The National Center of Independents and Peasants (Centre National des Indépendants et Paysans) is a political party in France. ... Legislative elections in France in 1951. ...

The MRP also dominated French foreign and colony policies during most of the later 1940s and 1950s. Along with the French Socialist Party, it was the most energetic supporter in the country of European integration. It was also a strong backer of NATO and of close alliance with the United States, making it the most "Atlantique" of French political parties. NATO 2002 Summit in Prague. ...

Its leaders, especially Georges Bidault and Paul Coste-Floret (foreign and colonial ministers respectively in several French coalition governments) were primary architects of France's hard-line colonial policies that culminated in long insurgencies in Vietnam (1946-1954) and Algeria (1954-1962), as well as a series of smaller insurrections and political crises elsewhere in the French Empire. The MRP eventually divided over the Algerian question in the late 1950s, (with Bidault being an avid supporter of the Organisation armée secrète). The Organisation de larmée secrète (OAS; Secret Army Organization) was a short-lived French right-wing terrorist group formed in January 1961 to resist the granting of independence to the French colony of Algeria (Algérie française). ...

After the 13 may 1958 crisis, the party supported De Gaulle's come back and called to approve the constitution of the Fifth Republic. It participated to the government of National Unity behind De Gaulle, then broke with him in 1962 over his opposition to extending European economic integration into the realm of political integration. The Fifth Republic is the fifth and current republican constitution of France, which was introduced on October 5, 1958. ...

Faced with the Gaullist hegemony

When De Gaulle proposed a referendum about the presidential election by the universal suffrage, the MRP took part in the "coalition of the no". De Gaulle dissolved the National Assembly. The MRP suffered a serious electoral defeat. The Palais Bourbon, front The French National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale) is one of the two houses of the bicameral Parliament of France under the Fifth Republic. ...

In 1963, Jean Lecanuet took the leadership in order to renew the image of the party. He was candidate at the 1965 presidential election against De Gaulle. In 1966, many MRP members merged with the National Center of Independents and Peasants (CNIP) in the Democratic Centre led by Lecanuet, while the MRP itself disbanded in 1967. In the same time, historical personalities of the party joined the Gaullist party Union of Democrats for the Fifth Republic (Maurice Schumann...) Jean Adrien François Lecanuet, born on March 4, 1920 in Rouen, died February 21, 1993 Born in a family of very modest conditions, he oriented towards studies of literature. ... The 1965 French presidential election was the first presidential election by direct universal suffrage of the French Fifth Republic. ... The National Center of Independents and Peasants (Centre National des Indépendants et Paysans) is a political party in France. ... Democratic Centre was a French christian-democratic party. ... In France the Gaullist Party is usually used to refer to the largest party professing to be Gaullist. ... Maurice Schumann (1911-1998) was a French politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs under Georges Pompidou in the 1960s and 1970s. ...

In 1968, the CNIP left the Democratic Centre, which became Progress and Modern Democracy. Its candidate, Alain Poher, is defeated at the second round of the 1969 presidential election. Alain Poher (17 April 1909 - 9 December 1996) was a French politician. ... Second Round First Round See also President of France France Politics of France Categories: | | ...

During the 1970s, the party re-integrated little by little into the Gaullist coalition. In this, a minority supported President Georges Pompidou and founded Centre, Democracy and Progress. The majority created the Reforming Movement with the Radical Party. This group supported winning candidature of Valéry Giscard d'Estaing at the 1974 presidential election. Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou (5 July 1911 – 2 April 1974) was President of France from 1969 until his death in 1974. ... The Reforming Movement was a French centrist political group created in 1972 by the alliance between the Radical Party led by Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber and the Christian-democratic Progress and Modern Democracy headed by Jean Lecanuet. ... The Radical Party (Parti Radical or Républicains Radicaux et Radicaux-Socialistes, Radical Republicans and Radical Socialists), was a major French political party of the early to mid 20th century, originally considered radical due to its anti-clericalism. ... Valéry Marie René Giscard dEstaing (born 2 February 1926) is a French center-right politician who was President of the French Republic from 1974 until 1981. ... Second Round First Round See also President of France France Politics of France Categories: | | ...

French Christian Democrats met up in the Democratic and Social Centre, which composed the left of the UDF after 1978. The Democratic and Social Centre (Centre des démocrates sociaux, CDS) was a French christian-democratic party. ... The Union for French Democracy, also known by its French acronym UDF (Union pour la Démocratie Française), is a French centrist political party. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ...

Members

• Abbé Pierre (1912-2007)

LAbbé Pierre (born August 5, 1912) was born as Henri Grouès in Lyon is a French Catholic priest. ...

See also

• Ligue de la jeune République founded in 1912 by Marc Sangnier