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Encyclopedia > Popular psychology

The term popular psychology (frequently called pop psychology or pop psych), refers to concepts and theories about human mental life and behaviour that are purportedly based on psychology and that attain popularity amongst the general population. Psychology (from Greek: Literally knowledge of the soul (mind)) is both an academic and applied discipline involving the scientific study of mental processes and behavior. ...


The term is often derogatory, used to describe psychological concepts that are oversimplified, out of date, unproven, misunderstood or misinterpreted; however, the term may also be used to describe professionally-produced psychological knowledge, regarded by most experts as valid and effective, that is intended for use by the general public.[1]

Contents

Types of Popular psychology

Popular psychology commonly takes the form of:

The term self-help can refer to any case or practice whereby an individual or a group attempts self-guided improvement[1]—economically, intellectually or emotionally. ... Morgan Scott Peck (22 May 1936 – 25 September 2005) was an American psychiatrist and best-selling author. ... It has been suggested that Agony aunt be merged into this article or section. ... Dear Abby is the most popular syndicated advice column which was founded in 1956 by Pauline Esther Friedman Phillips and is currently written by her daughter, Abigail Van Buren, also know as Jeanne Phillips. ... This article is about the TV series. ... For other uses, see Mythology (disambiguation). ... {{Album infobox | Name = Inner Child| Type = Album | Artist = Shanice | Cover = Shaniceinnerchild. ... The human brain is separated by a longitudinal fissure, separating the brain into two distinct cerebral hemispheres by the corpus callosum. ... Emotional Intelligence (EI), often measured as an Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EQ), describes an ability, capacity, or skill to perceive, assess, and manage the emotions of ones self, of others, and of groups. ... A Freudian slip, or parapraxis, is an error in speech, memory or physical action that is believed to be caused by the unconscious mind. ... The fight-or-flight response, also called the acute stress response, was first described by Walter Cannon in 1929. ... Enneagram Figure The Enneagram is a nine-pointed geometric figure. ... In psychology, self-esteem or self-worth is a persons self-image at an emotional level; circumventing reason and logic. ... This article is not about the academic discipline of neurolinguistics which investigates the brain mechanisms underlying language. ... An urban legend or urban myth is similar to a modern folklore consisting of stories often thought to be factual by those circulating them. ... Burrhus Frederic Fred Skinner (March 20, 1904 – August 18, 1990), Ph. ... An operant conditioning chamber (sometimes called a Skinner box after B. F. Skinner, its inventor) is an experimental apparatus used by psychologists to study operant conditioning in animals. ...

Popular psychology and Self-help

Popular psychology is an essential ingredient of the gigantic self help industry. [5] The term self-help can refer to any case or practice whereby an individual or a group attempts self-guided improvement[1]—economically, intellectually or emotionally. ...


According to Fried and Schultis, criteria for a good self-help book include "claims made by the author as to the book's efficacy, the presentation of problem-solving strategies based on scientific evidence and professional experience, the clarity of the writing, the author's credentials and professional experience, and the inclusion of a bibliography." [6]


Three potential dangers of self-help books are: [7]

  • people may falsely label themselves as psychologically disturbed;
  • people may misdiagnose themselves and use material that deals with the wrong problem;
  • people may not be able to evaluate a program and may select an ineffective one;

Pop psychologists

Some figures/movements characterized at varying times as exponents of pop psychology include:

Lucinda Bassett is the founder of the Midwest Center for Stress and Anxiety. ... Author Melody Beattie in recent photo. ... John Elliot Bradshaw (born June 29, 1933 in Houston, Texas) is an American educator, counselor, motivational speaker and author best known for his PBS television programs on topics such as addiction, recovery, codependency and spirituality. ... Tony Buzan Tony Buzan (1942-) is a proponent of the techniques of mind mapping and mental literacy. ... Edward de Bono (born May 19, 1933) is a Maltese psychologist and physician. ... For the Montserratian footballer, see Wayne Dyer (footballer). ... Werner Hans Erhard (born John “Jack” Paul Rosenberg on September 5, 1935 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), [11] became arguably best known to the general public for the programs he set up: the “est Training” (1971 – 1981) and the “Forum” (1981 – 1991). ... Lafayette Ronald Hubbard (March 13, 1911 – January 24, 1986), better known as L. Ron Hubbard, was an American pulp fiction writer,[2][3][4] creator of Dianetics, and founder of the Church of Scientology. ... Doctrine Practices Concepts People Public outreach Organization Controversy Scientology is a body of beliefs and related practices created by American pulp fiction author L. Ron Hubbard in 1952 as an outgrowth of his earlier self-help system, Dianetics. ... David Icke David Vaughan Icke (pronounced IKE //) (born April 29, 1952 in Leicester, England) is a British writer and public speaker who has devoted himself since 1990 to researching who and what is really controlling the world. ... This article is about the person. ... Anthony Robbins (born 29 February 1960, Glendora, California) is an American motivational speaker and writer. ...

See also

New Age describes a broad movement characterized by alternative approaches to traditional Western culture. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Psychobabble is a customarily pejorative term to denote technical jargon that is used outside of its intended purpose in psychology. ... Though the term self-help can refer to any case whereby an individual or a group betters themselves economically, intellectually or emotionally, the connotations of the phrase have come to apply particularly to psychological or psychotherapeutic nostrums, often purveyed through the popular genre of the self-help book. ...

For further reading

  • Mark Jarzombek, The Psychologizing of Modernity. Cambridge University Press, 2000.
  • Justman, Stewart. Fool's paradise : the unreal world of pop psychology. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2005. ISBN 1566636280.
Stewart argues that influential self-help gurus misuse the rhetoric of civil rights and 1960s dissent in preaching liberation from guilt, "artificial distinctions," and virtually everything else in the pursuit of self-realization.
  • Cordón, Luis A. Popular psychology : an encyclopedia. Westport, Conn. : Greenwood Press, 2005. ISBN 0313324573.
The goal is "to try to counteract the tide of misleading information about the field of psychology with a concise guide to some things that the well-informed student of psychology and the interested general public ought to know." [11]

Mark Jarzombek is a US-born author and architectural historian, and (since 1995) Director of the History Theory Criticism Section of the Department of Architecture at MIT, Cambridge MA, USA. Jarzombek received his architectural training at the ETH Zurich, where he graduated in 1980. ...

References

  1. ^ APA Dictionary of Psychology, 1st ed., Gary R. VandenBos, ed., Washington: American Psychological Association, 2007.
  2. ^ Standing, Lionel G., and Huber, Herman. (2003) "Do Psychology Courses Reduce Belief in Psychological Myths?" Social Behaviour and Personality, 31(6), 585-592
  3. ^ Grant J. Devilly (2005) Power Therapies and possible threats to the science of psychology and psychiatry Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry Vol.39 p.437
  4. ^ "One Man and a Baby Box", snopes.com, retrieved 2006-03-13.
  5. ^ Cushman, P. (1990) "Why the self is empty: Toward a historically situated psychology. American Psychologist, 45, 599-611. Cited in Fried, Stephen. (1998) "An Undergraduate Course in American Popular Psychology." Teaching of Psychology Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 38-39.
  6. ^ Fried, S.B., and Shultis, G.A. (1995) "The best self-help and self-awareness books: A topic-by-topic guide to quality information." Chicago: American Library Association Editions. Cited in Fried, Stephen. (1998) "An Undergraduate Course in American Popular Psychology." Teaching of Psychology Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 38-39.
  7. ^ Craighead, L., McNamara, K., and Horan, J. (1984) "Perspectives on self-help and bibliotherapy: You are what you read." In S. Brown and R. Lent (eds.), Handbook of counselling psychology. New York: Wiley. Pp 878 – 929. Cited in Fried, Stephen. (1998) "An Undergraduate Course in American Popular Psychology." Teaching of Psychology Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 38-39.
  8. ^ Robitscher, Jonas B.: The powers of psychiatry. Boston: Houghton Mifflen. 1980, page 455.
  9. ^ Linn, Virginia. "L. Ron Hubbard, founder" Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 24 July 2005. Retrieved on 2006-08-26
  10. ^ Dembling, Sophia and Lisa Gutierrez: The Making of Dr. Phil. John Wiley, 2003. ISBN 0-471-46726-X
  11. ^ American Library Association cited at Amazon.com.

  Results from FactBites:
 
Popular psychology - definition of Popular psychology in Encyclopedia (317 words)
Popular psychology should be distinguished from naïve psychology, the technical term for the intuitive, non-technical understanding of our own and others' psychological processes that all people have.
Many popular psychology concepts are taken from pseudoscience but may also refer to academic or clinical psychology, but the literature tends to seize on ideas out of context or without the conditions and cautions that a professional psychologist would attach to them.
Popular psychology should also be distinguished from various schools of psychological thinking that lie outside the current mainstream, for example the approaches to understanding psychology that flow from most religious systems or from astrology.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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