NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Porsche 928

The Porsche 928 is a grand tourer automobile made by Porsche AG of Germany from 1978 model year to 1995 model year, during which time it was one of their most expensive offerings. Image File history File links 928. ... Automakers, also known as carmakers, automobile manufacturers, motor manufacturers, or the automobile industry are companies that design and manufacture automobiles. ... This article is about the auto company. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... Car classification is subjective since many vehicles fall into multiple categories. ... Gran Turismo is Italian for grand touring or grand tourisme. These terms are used to describe long distance or endurance races like 24 hours of Le Mans, Mille Miglia, Targa Florio, Carrera Panamericana and the high-powered sportscars which compete there. ... Cars can come in a large variety of different body styles. ... 1995 Buick Riviera coupe A coupÃ© (from the French for cut) or coupe is a two or four-seater car with a fixed roof and two doors. ... An automobile platform is a shared set of components common to a number of different automobiles. ... In automobile design, an FR, or front-engine, rear wheel drive means a layout where the engine is in the front of the vehicle and drive wheels at the rear. ... The Liberty V8 aircraft engine clearly shows the configuration A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders. ... The Liberty V8 aircraft engine clearly shows the configuration A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders. ... The Liberty V8 aircraft engine clearly shows the configuration A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders. ... The Liberty V8 aircraft engine clearly shows the configuration A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders. ... A grand tourer (Italian: Gran Turismo), (initialised GT), is a high-performance automobile designed for long-distance driving. ... Karl Benzs Velo model (1894) - entered into the first automobile race An automobile or motor car (usually shortened to just car) is a wheeled passenger vehicle that carries its own motor. ... This article is about the auto company. ... The German term Aktiengesellschaft (IPA /aktsiÉ™ngÉ™zÎµlÊƒaft/) (abbreviated AG) means a corporation which is limited by shares, , owned by shareholders. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ...

Porsche's marketing slogan "It's about as fast as you can go without having to eat airline food" or "It is as fast as you can go without hiring a flight attendant" from the late 1980s where at one point it was the fastest production road-car in the world, having been recorded at 172mph on the salt flats in Utah in 1986 using an early 928 S4. [1] This particular car was originally white but was sprayed bright red for the record attempt to make it stand out more against the salt in marketing material like videos and posters.

Conception

By the late 1960s, Porsche had changed significantly as a company, and executives including owner Ferry Porsche were toying with the idea of adding a luxury touring car to the line-up. Managing Director Ernst Fuhrmann was also pressuring Ferdinand to "greenlight" development of the new model in light of concerns that the current flagship at the time, the 911, was quickly reaching its maximum potential where it could soon no longer be improved upon. Slumping sales of the 911 seemed to confirm that the model was approaching the end of its economical life cycle. Fuhrmann envisioned the new range-topping model as being the best possible combination of a sports coupe and a luxury sedan, something well equipped and comfortable enough to be easily driven over long distances that also had the power, poise and handling prowess necessary to be driven like a sports car. This set it apart from the 911, which was a pure sports car. Ferdinand Anton Ernst Porsche (born 19 September 1909 in Wiener Neustadt â€“ 27 March 1998 in Zell am See), mainly known as Ferry Porsche, was an Austrian technical automobile designer and automaker-entrepreneur. ... A grand tourer (Italian: Gran Turismo), (initialised GT), is a high-performance automobile designed for long-distance driving. ... Porsche 550 Spyder Porsche 550 RS The Porsche 550 was a sports car automobile produced by Porsche during the 1950s. ... Porsche 911 in hillclimb The Porsche 911 (pronounced as nine eleven) is a sports car made by Porsche AG of Stuttgart, Germany. ...

Ordered by Ferry Porsche to come up with a production-feasible concept for his new model, Fuhrmann initiated a design study in 1971, eventually taking from the process the final specs for the 928. Several drivetrain layouts were considered during early development, including rear and mid-engined designs, but most were dismissed because of technical and/or legislative difficulties. Having the engine, transmission, catalytic converter(s) and exhaust all cramped into a small rear engine bay made emission and noise control more difficult, something Porsche was already facing problems with on the 911 and wanted to avoid. After deciding that the mid-engine layout didn't allow enough room in the passenger compartment, a front engine/rear wheel drive layout was chosen. Porsche also feared at the time that the U.S. government would ban the sale of rear-engined cars in response to the consumer outrage over the Chevrolet Corvair, started by Ralph Nader via his book "Unsafe at Any Speed". Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Mid-engine design . ... Catalytic converter on a Saab 9-5. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic - President George Walker Bush (R) - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... Corvair convertible The Chevrolet Corvair was an automobile produced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors from 1960 to 1969. ... Ralph Nader (born February 27, 1934) is an American attorney and political activist of Arabic descent. ... Exhibit featuring the book at Henry Ford Museum, Detroit Unsafe at Any Speed: The Designed-In Dangers of the American Automobile by Ralph Nader, published in 1965, is a book detailing his claims of resistance by car manufacturers to the introduction of safety features, like seat belts, and their general...

Porsche engineers wanted a large-displacement motor to power the 928, and prototype units were built with a 5.0 L V8 producing close to 300 hp. Very early units used one four-barrel carburetor, which was eventually tossed in favor of Bosch's K-Jetronic fuel injection system. When increasing concern within the company over the pricing and availability of fuel during the oil crisis of the 1970s became an issue of contention, smaller engines were considered in the interest of fuel economy. Some managers began pushing for development of a 3.3 L 180 hp powerplant they had drawn up specs for, but company engineers balked at this suggestion. Both sides finally settled on a 4.5 L, SOHC 16-valve V8 producing 240 PS (219 hp in North America), which they considered to have an acceptable compromise of performance and fuel economy. The Liberty V8 aircraft engine clearly shows the configuration A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders. ... Bendix-Technico (Stromberg) 1-barrel downdraft carburetor model BXUV-3, with nomenclature The carburetor, carburettor, or carburetter (see spelling differences), also called carb (in North America) or carbie (chiefly in Australia) for short, is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. ... Logo of Robert Bosch GmbH Robert Bosch GmbH [1] is a German corporation which was started in 1886 by Robert Bosch in Stuttgart, Germany. ... // Fuel injection is a means of metering fuel into an internal combustion engine. ... This article is about energy crises in general. ...

The finished car debuted at the 1977 Geneva Motor Show before going on sale later that year as a 1978 model. Although it won early acclaim for its comfort and power, sales were slow. Base prices were much higher than that of the previous range-topping model and its larger size and somewhat odd futuristic styling put off many purists who were more attracted to more compact 911. 74th Geneva Motor Show The Salon International de lAuto (or Geneva Motor Show) is an annual auto show held in March in the Swiss city of Geneva. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ...

Fuhrman's replacement, Peter Schutz, decided that the models should be sold side by side, feeling that the 911 still had potential in the company's line-up. Legislation against rear-engined vehicles also didn't materialize. Although the 928 developed an avid fan following, it never sold in the numbers that Fuhrmann had originally predicted and was discontinued in 1995. The size of the market for expensive and extravagant grand tourers has increased since then, and the company is again looking to capture this market with the Porsche Panamera four-door GT. The Porsche Panamera is a four-door, four-seat coupe, currently still in concept stages, set to be launched in 2009. ...

Design

The 928 featured a large, front-mounted and water-cooled V8 engine driving the rear wheels. Originally displacing 4.5 L and featuring a single overhead camshaft design, it produced 219 hp (163 kW/222 PS) for the North American market and 240 PS (176 kW/237 hp) in other markets. Porsche upgraded the engine from mechanical to electronic fuel injection in 1980 for US models, although power remained the same. This design marked a major change in direction for Porsche (started with the introduction of the 924 in 1976), whose cars had until then used only rear- or mid-mounted air-cooled flat engines with four or six cylinders. The Liberty V8 aircraft engine clearly shows the configuration A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders. ... Rear wheel drive was a common form of engine/transmission layout used in automobiles throughout the 20th century. ... One complete cycle of a four cylinder, four stroke engine. ... Single overhead cam (also SOHC) refers to the internal combustion engine design where one camshaft is located above the valves. ... hp, see HP (disambiguation) The horsepower (hp) is the name of several non-metric units of power. ... North America North America is a continent [1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... hp, see HP (disambiguation) The horsepower (hp) is the name of several non-metric units of power. ... // Fuel injection is a means of metering fuel into an internal combustion engine. ... Engine cooling is the process of cooling an engine by using either air or liquid. ... The Boxer engine A flat engine is an internal combustion engine with its pistons parallel to the ground. ...

Porsche utilized a transaxle in the 928 to help achieve 50/50 front/rear weight distribution, aiding the car's balance. Although it weighed more than the difficult to handle 911, its more neutral weight balance and higher power output gave it similar performance on the track. The 928 was regarded as the more relaxing car to drive at the time. It came with either a five-speed dog leg manual transmission, or a Mercedes-Benz-derived automatic transmission, originally with three speeds, with four speed from 1983 in North America and 1984 in other markets. More than half of production had the automatic transmission. Exact percentage of manual gearbox cars for entire production run is not known but its believed to be between 25 and 30%. A transaxle, in the automotive field, is a component that combines the functionality of the transmission, the differential and the drive axle into one integrated assembly. ... A manual transmission (also known as a stick shift, straight drive, or standard transmission) is a type of transmission used in automotive applications. ... This page is about the Mercedes-Benz brand of automobiles and trucks from the DaimlerChrysler automobile manufacturer. ... An automatic transmission is an automobile gearbox that can change gear ratios automatically as the vehicle moves, thus freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually. ...

The body, styled by Wolfgang Möbius under guidance of Anatole Lapine, was mainly galvanised steel, but the doors, front fenders and hood were aluminium. It had a substantial luggage area accessed via a large hatchback. The new polyurethane elastic bumpers were integrated into the nose and tail and covered in body-coloured plastic; an unusual feature for the time that aided the car visually and reduced its drag. Porsche opted not to offer a convertible variant but some aftermarket modifiers offer convertible conversions. The steel cable of a colliery winding tower. ... General Name, Symbol, Number aluminium, Al, 13 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 13, 3, p Appearance silvery Standard atomic weight 26. ... The Luggage. ... Peugeot 306 hatchback, with the hatch lifted and the parcel shelf tilted for access Not a hatchback: a fastback shape like this 2004 Bentley Continental GT can be confused with a true hatchback Hatchback is a term describing an automobile design, consisting of a passenger cabin with an integrated cargo... A polyurethane is any polymer consisting of a chain of organic units joined by urethane links. ... The bumper of a BMW M5, highlighted in red A bumper is a part of an automobile designed to allow one vehicle to impact with another and to withstand that collision without severe damage to the vehicles frame. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... An object falling through a gas or liquid experiences a force in direction opposite to its motion. ... Saab 900 Convertible 1962 Rambler American Convertible can also refer to a convertible (security) A convertible (sometimes called cabriolet in British English) is a car body style with a folding or retracting roof (aka soft top or top in USA, hood in UK). ...

The 928 qualified as a 2+2, having two small seats in the rear. Both rear seats could be folded down to enlarge the luggage area, and both the front and rear seats had sun visors for occupants. The 928 was also the first vehicle in which the instrument binnacle moved with the adjustable steering wheel, a feature seen more recently on Nissan's 350Z sports car. A modern road cars steering wheel Steering wheels from different periods A steering wheel is a type of steering control used in most modern land vehicles, including all mass-production automobiles. ... Nissan Motor Co. ... The Nissan 350Z is a sports car manufactured by Nissan Motor Co, LTD. The 350Z is the fifth (and current) generation of Nissans Z-car line, originally introduced in 1970 as the Datsun 240Z. The 350Z entered production in late 2002 and was sold and marketed as a 2003...

The 928 included several other innovations such as the "Weissach Axle", an early all-wheel steering system that provides passive rear-wheel steering in certain off-throttle cornering situations, and an unsleeved, silicon alloy engine block made of aluminium, which reduced weight and provided a highly durable cylinder bore. The concept of all-wheel steering was also adopted later on to several Japanese automobiles, including a Japanese-market version of the Toyota Celica, the Mitsubishi 3000GT VR-4 and the second generation Nissan 300ZX. The Weissach axle (pronounced Vise-ock) is a special rear suspension arrangement devised for the Porsche 928. ... For the high-performance versions of the Celica, see Toyota Celica GT-Four. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Mitsubishi GTO. (Discuss) To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Nissan 300ZX, also known as the Nissan Fairlady Z, is a sports car produced by Nissan. ...

Porsche's design and development efforts paid off during the 1978 European Car of the Year competition where the 928 won against the BMW 7-series and the Ford Granada. The 928 is the only sports car so far to have won this competition, where the usual winners are mainstream hatchbacks and sedans/saloons from major European manufacturers. Proof of how advanced the 928 was compared to its contemporaries. Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... The European Car of the Year award was established in 1964 by a collective of automobile magazines from different countries in Europe. ... BMW E23 (1977 - 1986) The BMW E23 is an automobile platform that was the basis for the first BMW 7 Series luxury car, produced by the German automaker BMW. Replacing the BMW E3 large sedan, the E23 was produced for ten years from 1977 to 1987 and was replaced by... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... 1963 Jaguar E-Type, a classic sports car A sports car is an automobile designed for performance driving. ... Peugeot 306 hatchback, with the hatch lifted and the parcel shelf tilted for access Not a hatchback: a fastback shape like this 2004 Bentley Continental GT can be confused with a true hatchback Hatchback is a term describing an automobile design, consisting of a passenger cabin with an integrated cargo... A Toyota Camry, a recognizable sedan The Ford Five Hundred, a full-sized sedan The 3-box design, indicative of a notchback sedan, as illustrated on a full-size luxury sedan. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ...

Later variants

Porsche introduced a refreshed 928 S into the European market in 1980, although it was summer of 1982 and 1983 model year before the model reached North America. Externally, the S wore new front and rear spoilers and sported wider wheels and tires than the older variant, but the main change for the 928 S was under the hood, where a revised 4.7 L engine was used. European versions debuted with 300 PS (221 kW/297 hp), and were upgraded to 310 PS (228 kW/306 hp) for the 1984 model year. From 1984 to 1986 ROW (Rest Of the World) S model was officially called S2 in UK. North American spec 1983 and 1984 S models used, among other differences, milder camshafts and additional emissions regulation equipment, and were limited to 239 hp (174 kW/242 PS) as a result. Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar). ... This KLM cityhopper Fokker 70 still has its spoilers deployed (the cream-coloured panels projecting above the top surface of the wing) after landing at Bristol International Airport, England. ... Year 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... North America North America is a continent [1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... Year 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar). ...

As the faster S model was not available in the USA and Canada during the first three years of its existence, a "Competition Package" option was created to allow North American customers to have an S model lookalike with spoilers, 16" flat disc wheels, sport seats, sport springs and Bilstein shocks. Customers could specify paint and interior colors the same way as on a normal 928. The package was available in the 1981 and 1982 model years and was cancelled in 1983 when the S model became available for these markets. Many cars have had S features added by subsequent owners, making original "Competition Package" cars difficult to distinguish without checking option codes. North America North America is a continent [1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... Year 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar). ...

In 1982, two special models were available for different markets. 205 "Weissach Edition" cars were sold in North America. Unusual features were champagne gold metallic paint, matching brushed gold flat disc wheels, two-tone leather interior, a plaque containing the production number on the dash and the extremely collectible three-piece Porsche luggage set. It's believed these cars were not made with S spoilers even though these were available in USA during this time period as part of the "Competition Package." The "Weissach Edition" option was also available for the US market 911 in 1980 and 924 in 1981 model years. Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... North America North America is a continent [1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ...

140 special "50th Jubilee" 928 S models were available outside the USA and Canada to celebrate the company's 50 year existence as a car manufacturer. This model is also sometimes referred to as the "Ferry Porsche Edition" because his signature was embroidered into the front seats. It was painted meteor metallic and fitted with flat disc wheels, wine red leather and special striped fabric seat centers. Similar 911 and 924 specials were also made for ROW markets.

Porsche updated the North American 928 S for 1985, replacing the 4.7 L, SOHC engine with a new 5.0 L, DOHC unit sporting four valves per cylinder and producing 288 hp (215 kW/292 PS). Seats were also updated to a new style. These cars are sometimes unofficially called S3 to distinguish them from 16-valve S models. European models kept a 4.7 L engine, which was slightly more powerful, as standard; a little detuned 32-valve engine together with catalytic converters became an option in some European countries and Australia for 1986. That same year, revised suspension settings, larger brakes with 4-piston calipers and modified exhaust was installed on the 928 S, marking the final changes to old body style cars. ROW models received these changes at beginning of model year while North American cars got them only after close to 900 cars were made, starting from VIN 1000. North American version of this late 1986 model is sometimes referred as S3.5 or S3½ because of these changes. Name is little misleading as more than 2/3 of 1986 North American model production had these updates. North America North America is a continent [1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... Year 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar). ... A double overhead cam (also called a dual overhead cam, DOHC, or twincam) engine is a type of internal combustion engine where the camshafts that operate the intake and exhaust valves are mounted above the cylinders, and where there are separate camshafts for inlet and exhaust valves. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... North America North America is a continent [1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... North America North America is a continent [1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... North America North America is a continent [1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ...

The 928 S4 variant debuted in the second half of 1986 as a 1987 model, an updated version of the 5.0 L V8 for all markets producing 320 PS (235 kW/316 hp), spotting a new single-disc clutch in manual gearbox cars, larger torquen converter in automatics and fairly significant styling updates which gave the car a cleaner, sleeker look. S4 was much closer in being truly world car than previous models as only major differences between ROW and US models were instrumentation in either kilometers or miles, lighting, front and rear bumper shocks and availability without catalytic converter in many ROW markets. Australian market version was only one with different horsepower rating at 300 PS (221 kW/296 hp) due to preparation for possible low grade fuel. Even this was achieved without engine changes. Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ...

A "Club Sport" variant which was up to 100 Kg lighter became available to continental Europe and USA in 1988. An SE (sometimes called the S4 Sport), a sort of halfway point between a normally equipped S4 and the more race-oriented "Club Sport," became available to the UK. It's generally believed these Porsche Motorsport engined cars have more hp than the S4. They utilize parts which later became known as GT pistons, cams, engine ECU programs and a stronger, short geared manual gearbox. The automatic gearbox was not available. Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ...

At beginning of 1989 model year also Australian model received same 320 PS (235 kW/316 hp) setup as other markets. Porsche debuted the 928 GT in the spring of 1989 after dropping the slow selling CS and SE. In terms of equipment, the GT was most like the 928 SE, having more equipment than a Club Sport model but less than a 928 S4 to keep the weight down somewhat. It had the ZF 40% limited-slip differential as standard like the Club Sport and SE before it. Also like the CS and SE, the GT was only available with a manual gearbox. ROW 1989 CS and GT wheels had an RDK tire pressure monitoring system as standard. This was also optional for same year ROW S4. For 1990 model year Porsche made RDK and a 0-100% variable ratio limited-slip called PSD (Porsche SperrDifferential) standard in both GT and S4 models for all markets. This system is much like the one from the 959 and gives the vehicle even more grip. In 1990 the S4 was no longer available with a manual gearbox. Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... ZF Friedrichshafen AG (meaning Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Aktiengesellschaft which was until 1992 the name of the company) is a leading supplier of automobile transmissions. ... In automotive applications, a limited slip differential (LSD) is a modified or derived type of differential gear arrangement that allows for some difference in rotational velocity of the output shafts, but does not allow the difference in speed to increase beyond a preset amount. ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Porsche 959 The Porsche 959 is a sports car manufactured by Porsche AG from 1986 to 1989, first as a Group B rally car and later as a road going vehicle designed to satisfy FIA homologation regulations requring that a minimum number of street... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ...

The S4 and GT variants were both cut at end of 1991 model year, making way for the final version of the 928. The 928 GTS came for sale in late 1991 as a 1992 model in Europe and in spring of 1992 as an early 1993 model in North America. Changed bodywork, larger front brakes and a new, more powerful 5.4 L, 350 PS (257 kW/345 hp) engine were the big advertised changes; what Porsche wasn't advertising was the price. Loaded GTS models could eclipse $100,000 USD in 1995, making them among the most expensive cars on the road at the time. This severely hampered sales despite the model's high competancy and long standard equipment list. Porsche discontinued the GTS model that year after shipping only 77 of them to the United States. Total worldwide production for all years was a little over 61,000 cars. Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ...

Second-hand models have largely fallen in value, the result of generally high maintenance costs due largely to spare parts that are expensive to manufacture. The earliest versions, however, especially those models with the Bosch K-Jetronic (CIS) injection system, have few electronic components and therefore can be repaired more easily provided spare parts can be found. Various enthusiast supported parts suppliers exist, especially in the United States.

The GTS model has retained a high value however, and as of 2006 the price for all variants is apparently starting to creep upwards (Classic Motorsports, March, 2006 issue, p. 38). A great community dedicated to the 928 exists online even today, and the car has won a huge fan base. The 928 was such a powerful vehicle in its day that even models 25+ years old are able to outperform current sport/grand-touring models of various manufacture.

With the release of the Cayenne sports utility vehicle, Porsche has met with renewed success with a front-engined, V8-powered model. The company's 2005 announcement that a new V8-powered 4-door grand tourer model called Panamera would be launched in 2009 fueled rumours and fan speculation of a reborn 928. Although the Panamera will be a 4-door model, Road and Track magazine published a speculative piece in their April 2006 issue in regards to the possibility of a new, 928-esque coupe that may debut on a shortened version of the Panamera's platform sometime around the 2011 or 2012 model years. Although feasible, this is pure speculation as of 2006. The article seemed to indicate a re-use of the 928 nameplate although Porsche's recent tendency to give non-numerical names to their vehicles and a desire to separate the vehicle from past models may preclude the possibility of calling the vehicle 928. Porsche Cayenne S rear The Porsche Cayenne is a mid-size luxury SUV produced by the German automaker Porsche since 2002. ... A sport utility vehicle (SUV) or off-roader is a vehicle that combines the load-hauling and passenger-carrying capacity of a large station wagon or minivan with features designed for off-road driving. ... The Porsche Panamera is a four-door, four-seat coupe, currently still in concept stages, set to be launched in 2009. ...

Also noteworthy is that there are several manufacturers of supercharger and turbo kits specifically for the 928. The stock engine for any year is capable of handling significant power increases without part failure. More owners have opted for supercharging their vehicles as the conversion is reasonably straight forward whereas the fitting of two turbo chargers on each of the exhaust manifolds has caused problems because of the lack of space.

Styling changes

Styling was the same from 1978 through 1979 and the body lacked both front and rear spoilers. From in North America) through 1986, front and rear spoilers were present on "S" models, rear spoilers were integrated into the hatch. From 1987 through 1995, the front spoiler is integrated into the nose and the rear spoiler became a separated wing rather than an integrated piece, and side skirts were added. The rear tail-light configuration was also different from previous versions. GTS model had wider rear fenders added to give more room for 9" wide wheels.

Another easily noticeable visual difference between versions is the style of the rims. Early 928s had 15" or 16" "phone dial"-style rims, while most 1980s 928s had 16" slotted "flat disc"s, CSs, SEs and 1989 GTs had 16" "Club Sport", later GTs had 16" "Design 90" style which were also option on same period S4s, the GTS used two variations of the 17" "CUP" rims.

928 evolution

The evolution of the 928 during its 18 years of production is quite subtle, and often confuses individuals interested in purchasing a 928. The tables below show the major differences, which were largely made to the nose, tail, interior, engine and rims.

Information detailing the evolution through the model years

1990 A trip computer is an onboard computer device fitted to cars which can generally record distance travelled, average speed, average fuel consumption, and display real time fuel consumption information. ...

Versions available in different markets in each model year

Worldwide production numbers

All production numbers are approximates collected from several sources. Porsche hasn't published actual numbers.

^{1) Count contains unknown number of US "Competition Package" models made in 1981 and 1982 model years.}
^{2) Count contains 205 US "Weissach edition" models made in 1982 model year.}
^{3) Count contains 140 ROW "50th Jubilee" models made in 1982 model year.}
^{4) Count contains 2219 so called S3 US models made in 1985 model year and 877 1986 models made in early part of 1986 model year.}
^{5) Count contains 2071 so called S3.5 US models made in later part of 1986 model year starting from November 1985.}
^{6) Count contains unknown number of 1986 ROW 32 valve S models.}
^{7) Count contains 6 Club Sport prototypes made in 1987 model year.}
^{8) Count contains 10 European models and 2 US models made in 1988 model year, 7 ROW models made in early 1989 model year. Last Club Sport was made in early winter 1988/89.}
^{9) GT production started in around February 1989.}

Press coverage

The 911/928 debate

There is some amount of debate regarding the 928 and how it really fit into the model lineup against the 911. Most sources, including the Porsche factory and "Project 928" book by Julius Weitmann and Rico Steinemann, maintain that the vehicle was designed to be Porsche's flagship model and that it was designed to replace the 911 like the 911 had replaced the 356. However, some people still feel that the 911 was a better sports car than the 928, which combined what its designers felt were the best features of both a sports car and a grand touring car. As such, some people continue to argue that the 911 was never really challenged for top spot in the lineup, as they consider the 928 to have been marketed to a different customer base and was therefore neither competitive with the 911 nor totally capable of supplanting it. Porsche 911 in hillclimb The Porsche 911 (pronounced as nine eleven) is a sports car made by Porsche AG of Stuttgart, Germany. ... A flagship is the ship used by the commanding officer of a group of naval ships. ... 1963 Jaguar E-Type, a classic sports car A sports car is an automobile designed for performance driving. ... A grand tourer (Italian: Gran Turismo), (initialised GT), is a high-performance automobile designed for long-distance driving. ...

This point of view becomes problematic when examining the facts. In the hands of very skilled driver, a similar-vintage 911 could match the 928 on track, although the 928's more predictable handling nature, more "friendly" dynamics, balanced 50/50 weight distribution and more powerful engine meant that in most cases it proved a competent on-track match for the 911, and was easily capable of out-accelerating all but the 964 generation 911 Turbo, which is notoriously difficult to drive at the limit. This performance, combined with the 928's longer list of standard features, more compliant highway ride and the comfort level necessary to be driven for hours on end without fatiguing the driver made it a solid entry as Porsche's best all-around vehicle and most certainly competent to replace the 911 as Porsche's flagship just as Porsche management intended it to do when 928 was designed. 964, spoken simply as nine-six-four or nine-sixty-four is the company type-number for the version of Porsches 911 model sold between 1989 and 1993. ...

Porsche 942

The Porsche 942 was a special edition of Porsche 928 made as a gift to Ferry Porsche on his 75th birthday in 1984. Its also known by name 928-4. It featured longer wheelbase than normal 928 production model including extended roof above rear seats to better accommodate tall passengers, at the time very advanced projector headlights, 5 liter 32 valve engine before it was introduced in US market 928 and so called S4 front and rear bumpers including lights two years before they came into 928 production model. Ferdinand Anton Ernst Porsche (born 19 September 1909 in Wiener Neustadt â€“ 27 March 1998 in Zell am See), mainly known as Ferry Porsche, was an Austrian technical automobile designer and automaker-entrepreneur. ... A childs first birthday party. ... Year 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar). ...

In 1986 Porsche together with tuning company AMG made few long wheelbase 928 specials with similar rear door arrangement as much later Mazda RX-8. Unlike 942, these had normal 928 headlights. One was presented to American Sunroof Corporation (ASC) founder and CEO Heinz Prechter. ASC was later partly responsible of making Porsche 944 S2 cabriolets. Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... An early version of the AMG Emblem Mercedes-AMG is the tuning arm of the Mercedes-Benz car company. ... The Mazda RX-8 is a sports car manufactured by Mazda Motor Corporation. ... Heinz Prechter (1942 â€“ July 6, 2001) a German born entrepreneur who founded the American Sunroof Company (ASC) was a quintessential entrepreneur, legendary visionary, community leader, and philanthropist. ... The Porsche 944 was a high performance sports car produced by German auto manufacturer Porsche. ...

The MaxMoritz semi works 928 GTR

Porsche's Racing Department never officially entered or prepared a racing 928 for a pure works entry.
Only once Porsche decided to make it obvious to the 911 enthusiasts that they usually tended to underrate the racing genes of the 928:
So Porsche "arranged" this 928GTR to compete with the then dominant 911(993GTR) on the race track. In order not to offend sensibilities of their traditional 911/993GTR customers by officially challenging them with an outright Works-928GTR, PORSCHE asked MAX-MORITZ-RACING, their long time private racing partner from next-door-Reutlingen to enter this 928GTR Cup as a semi-works car.
http://www.porsche928.net/history/strosek_928cup.html
So it didn't come as a surprise, that the drivers were: Bernd Mayländer, Manuel Reuter (Porsche Works Pilots), also Harm Lagaaij (then Head of Porsche's Design Studio).
Vittorio Strosek sponsored MM with his Lightweight-Body-Parts and racing exhaust.
The car was officially entered by PORSCHE-CLUB-SCHWABEN.
Homologation minimum weight had to be, and actually is 1370 kg.
(more infos: „PORSCHE SCENE -Germany- 12/2006 „Frisch aufgelegt: Stroseks Design Klassiker“ and
911&PORSCHE WORLD -GB- May/June 1994 „928 Cup Racer“ )
Lagaaij reports, that the car was very competitive and able to hold most 993GTR down, although the engine was no more than fine-tuned after chosen from a set of high power output specimen in Weissach. In the last race of the season at Hockenheim a crank-bearing ran dry. As the car was supposed to race in 1995 as well, she was made ready to continue her successful competition in the 1995 season. A fresh engine was installed, selected from the same lot of high output engines and tuned as before. But in 1995 Porsche's 928-production came to an end and the car consequently was not raced in the new season.

The late Max Moritz himself then had her join his collection of historic cars. She has never been put on the road again until after his death, when the family sold the car in October 2004 -with only 24500 km on the clock. (Porsche-Weissach is the only documented owner).

A new 928?

In various automotive magazines, such as Road & Track and Car and Driver, there have been rumors about a possible new Porsche 928. It has been reported that Porsche is planning a new sports coupe derived from the Panamera, but no major detail has been revealed. ^[1]^[2] Road & Track is an automobile enthusiast magazine in the United States, founded by two friends in 1947. ... Cover of Car and Driver from age of psychedelic lettering Car and Driver is an American automotive enthusiast magazine. ... The Porsche Panamera is a four-door, four-seat coupe, currently still in concept stages, set to be launched in 2009. ...

References and External Links

Edmunds. ... Cover of Car and Driver from age of psychedelic lettering Car and Driver is an American automotive enthusiast magazine. ...

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The Porsche Cayman is a mid-engine 2-seat sports car launched in the 2006 model year. ... Porsche 911 in hillclimb The Porsche 911 (pronounced as nine eleven) is a sports car made by Porsche AG of Stuttgart, Germany. ... Porsche 911 in hillclimb The Porsche 911 (pronounced as nine eleven) is a sports car made by Porsche AG of Stuttgart, Germany. ... 964, spoken simply as nine-six-four or nine-sixty-four is the company type-number for the version of Porsches 911 model sold between 1989 and 1993. ... The Porsche Type 993, or simply 993 (nine-nine-three or nine-ninety-three), was the version of Porsches 911 model produced from late 1993 through early 1998, replacing the 964. ... Porsche 996 with aero kit The Porsche Type 996 is a sports car, and the version of the Porsches 911 Carrera model sold from 1998 (as a 1999 model) through to 2004. ... The Porsche Type 997, or simply 997 (nine-nine-seven or nine-ninety-seven) is the project code name for the current version of the sports car Porsche 911, built by the German manufacturer Porsche since 2004. ... Porsche 911 in hillclimb The Porsche 911 (pronounced as nine eleven) is a sports car made by Porsche AG of Stuttgart, Germany. ... A grand tourer (Italian: Gran Turismo), sometimes initialised GT, is a high-performance automobile designed for long distance driving. ... Supercar is a term used for a high end sports car, typically an exotic or rare one, whose performance is highly superior to that of its contemporaries. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Porsche 959 The Porsche 959 is a sports car manufactured by Porsche AG from 1986 to 1989, first as a Group B rally car and later as a road going vehicle designed to satisfy FIA homologation regulations requring that a minimum number of street... 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