NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Posterior atlantooccipital membrane

The posterior atlantoöccipital membrane (posterior atlantoöccipital ligament), broad but thin, is connected above, to the posterior margin of the foramen magnum; below, to the upper border of the posterior arch of the atlas. Image File history File links Gray305. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... Elseviers logo. ... In anatomy, the foramen magum is the large hole through the occipital bone in the base of the skull, through which the medulla oblongata (an extension of the spinal cord) exits the skull vault. ... An atlas is a collection of maps, traditionally bound into book form, but also found in multimedia formats. ...

On either side this membrane is defective below, over the groove for the vertebral artery, and forms with this groove an opening for the entrance of the artery and the exit of the suboccipital nerve. The vertebral arteries are branches of the subclavian arteries. ... The first spinal nerve, the suboccipital nerve exits the spinal cord between the skull and the first cervical vertebra, the atlas. ...

The free border of the membrane, arching over the artery and nerve, is sometimes ossified. Ossification is the process of bone formation, in which connective tissues, such as cartilage are turned to bone or bone-like tissue. ...

The membrane is in relation, behind, with the Recti capitis posteriores minores and Obliqui capitis superiores; in front, with the dura mater of the vertebral canal, to which it is intimately adherent. The spinal canal (or vertebral canal) is the space in vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes. ...

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant. The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... An illustration from the 1918 edition Henry Grays Anatomy of the Human Body, commonly known as Grays Anatomy, is an anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on human anatomy. ...

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Joints and ligaments of head and neck

atlanto-axial: anterior atlantoaxial ligament - posterior atlantoaxial ligament - transverse ligament of the atlas A joint (from French joint) (articulation) is the location at which two bones make contact (articulate). ... A ligament is a short band of tough fibrous connective tissue composed mainly of long, stringy collagen fibres. ... Head and neck anatomy is a specialized study of the human body quite frequently studied in depth by surgeons, dentist, and dental technicians. ... The Atlanto-axial joint (articulation of the atlas with the axis) is of a complicated nature, comprising no fewer than four distinct joints. ... The anterior atlantoaxial ligament is a strong membrane, fixed, above, to the lower border of the anterior arch of the atlas; below, to the front of the body of the axis. ... The posterior atlantoaxial ligament is a broad, thin membrane attached, above, to the lower border of the posterior arch of the atlas; below, to the upper edges of the laminÃ¦ of the axis. ...

atlanto-occipital: anterior atlantoöccipital membrane - posterior atlantoöccipital membrane - tectorial membrane - alar ligament - ligament of apex dentis The Atlanto-occipital joint (articulation between the atlas and the occipital bone) consists of a pair of condyloid joints. ... The anterior atlantoÃ¶ccipital membrane (anterior atlantoÃ¶ccipital ligament) is broad and composed of densely woven fibers, which pass between the anterior margin of the foramen magnum above, and the upper border of the anterior arch of the atlas below. ... The alar ligaments connect the sides of the dens (on the axis, or the second cervical vertebra) to tubercles on the medial side of the occipital condyle. ...

temporomandibular: temporomandibular ligament - sphenomandibular ligament - stylomandibular ligament The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a diarthrosis joint that connects the mandible (lower jaw) to the temporal bone at the side of a skull. ... The temporomandibular ligament (external lateral ligament) consists of two short, narrow fasciculi, one in front of the other, attached, above, to the lateral surface of the zygomatic arch and to the tubercle on its lower border; below, to the lateral surface and posterior border of the neck of the mandible. ... The sphenomandibular ligament (internal lateral ligament) is a flat, thin band which is attached above to the spina angularis of the sphenoid bone, and, becoming broader as it descends, is fixed to the lingula of the mandibular foramen. ... The stylomandibular ligament is a specialized band of the cervical fascia, which extends from near the apex of the styloid process of the temporal bone to the angle and posterior border of the ramus of the mandible, between the Masseter and Pterygoideus internus. ...