Potassium iodide is a white crystalline salt with chemical formula KI, used in photography and radiation treatment. It finds widespread application as an iodide source because it is less hygroscopic than sodium iodide, making it easier to work with. KI can turn yellow upon heating in air or upon standing in moist air for long periods, because of oxidation of the iodide to iodine. R-phrases are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. ... S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. ... This article is about the electrically charged particle. ... Potassium bromide (KBr) is a salt, used as an anticonvulsant and a sedative in the 1800s. ... The chemical compound potassium chloride (KCl) is a metal halide composed of potassium and chlorine. ... This article is about the electrically charged particle. ... Lithium iodide, or LiI, is a compound of lithium and iodine. ... Sodium iodide (NaI) is used in polymerase chain reactions (PCR) Categories: Chemistry stubs ... Caesium iodide is an ionic compound often used as the input phosphor of an x-ray image intensifier tubes found in Fluoroscopy equipment. ... The plimsoll symbol as used in shipping In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals exactly). ... For other uses, see Crystal (disambiguation). ... This article is about common table salt. ... A chemical formula is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... General Name, symbol, number potassium, K, 19 Chemical series alkali metals Group, period, block 1, 4, s Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 39. ... For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). ... Photography [fÓ™tÉ‘grÓ™fi:],[foÊŠtÉ‘grÓ™fi:] is the process of recording pictures by means of capturing light on a light-sensitive medium, such as a film or electronic sensor. ... A hygroscopic substance is a substance that absorbs water readily from its surroundings. ... Sodium iodide (NaI) is used in polymerase chain reactions (PCR) Categories: Chemistry stubs ... The most fundamental reactions in chemistry are the redox processes. ... An iodide ion is an iodine atom with a −1 (negative one) charge. ... For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). ...

Chemical properties

Potassium iodide behaves as a simple ionic salt, K⁺I⁻. Since the iodide ion is a mild reducing agent, I⁻ is easily oxidised to I₂ by powerful oxidising agents such as chlorine: This article is about the electrically charged particle. ... This article is about common table salt. ... An iodide ion is an iodine atom with a −1 (negative one) charge. ... ed|other uses|reduction}} Illustration of a redox reaction Redox (shorthand for reduction/oxidation reaction) describes all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation number (oxidation state) changed. ... For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). ... ed|other uses|reduction}} Illustration of a redox reaction Redox (shorthand for reduction/oxidation reaction) describes all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation number (oxidation state) changed. ... General Name, symbol, number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, period, block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Standard atomic weight 35. ...

2 KI(aq) + Cl₂(aq) → 2 KCl + I₂(aq) Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... General Name, symbol, number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, period, block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Standard atomic weight 35. ... The chemical compound potassium chloride (KCl) is a metal halide composed of potassium and chlorine. ... For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). ...

Even air will oxidize iodide as evidenced by the observation of a purple extract when KI is rinsed with dichloromethane. Under acidic conditions, KI is oxidised even more easily, due to the formation of hydroiodic acid (HI), which is a powerful reducing agent.^[1][2][3][4] R-phrases S-phrases , , Flash point None Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... Hydroiodic acid (sometimes also spelled hydriodic acid) is a highly acidic aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide (HI) (Concentrated solution is usually 48 - 57% HI). ...

KI forms I₃⁻ when combined with elemental iodine. Space-filling model of the triiodide anion Triiodide is an anion composed of three iodine atoms. ... For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). ...

KI(aq) + I₂(s) → KI₃(aq)

Unlike I₂, I₃⁻ salts can be highly water-soluble. I₂ and I₃⁻ have virtually identical redox potentials (0.535 and 0.536 V vs NHE, respectively), i.e. they are both mild oxidants relative to H₂. Therefore, this reaction allows the iodine to be used in aqueous solutions for redox titrations. For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). ... This box:      For other uses, see Solid (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). ... ed|other uses|reduction}} Illustration of a redox reaction Redox (shorthand for reduction/oxidation reaction) describes all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation number (oxidation state) changed. ... This article is about volumetric titration. ...

Potassium iodide also serves in some organic reactions as a source of iodide ion (see "uses" below).

Physical Properties

It occurs as odourless, colourless, transperant or somewhat opaque crystals or white granular powder. It is slightly hygroscopic, the taste is saline and slightly bitter. On long exposure to air, it becomes yellow due to the liberation of iodine and small quantities of iodate may be formed.

Uses

Potassium iodide is used in photography, in the preparation of silver(I) iodide for high speed photographic film: Photography [fәtɑgrәfi:],[foʊtɑgrәfi:] is the process of recording pictures by means of capturing light on a light-sensitive medium, such as a film or electronic sensor. ... Silver iodide (chemical symbol: AgI) is a chemical compound used in photography and cloud seeding. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

KI(aq) + AgNO₃(aq) → AgI(s) + KNO₃(aq) Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... R-phrases , S-phrases , , , , Flash point non-flammable Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... Silver iodide (AgI) is a chemical compound used in photography, an antiseptic in medicine, rainmaking and cloud seeding. ... This box:      For other uses, see Solid (disambiguation). ... R-phrases   S-phrases   Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ...

Potassium iodide is also added to table salt in small quantities to make it "iodized". In a saturated solution, it is also used as an expectorant to treat lung congestion. R-phrases 36 S-phrases none Flash point Non-flammable Related Compounds Other anions NaF, NaBr, NaI Other cations LiCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, MgCl2, CaCl2 Related salts Sodium acetate Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... A cough medicine or antitussive is a medication given to people to help them stop coughing. ...

KI is often used as a source of iodide ion in organic synthesis. A useful application is in the preparation of aryl iodides from arenediazonium salts.^[5][6] For example: An iodide ion is an iodine atom with a −1 (negative one) charge. ... Organic synthesis is the construction of organic molecules via chemical processes. ...

Download high resolution version (1778x489, 7 KB)Sandmeyer reaction using potassium iodide This image has been released into the public domain by its creator and original copyright holder. ...

Saturated solution of potassium iodide is also used as treatment for sporotrichosis, a fungal infection. Sporotrichosis is a disease caused by the infection of the fungus Sporothrix schenckii (S. schenckii). ...

In medical use, it can also serve as an antiseptic for people suffering from sore throat. The dose is 0.5g-1.0g in 100mL, with the accompany of iodine (0.5g-1.0g in 100mL).

KI is also used as a fluorescence quenching agent in biomedical research because of collisional quenching by its iodide ion. Quenching refers to any process which decreases the fluorescence intensity of a given substance. ...

In aqueous solution with elemental iodine, it acts as a gold etchant and will attack and dissolve gold surfaces. Etching is an intaglio method of printmaking in which the image is incised into the surface of a metal plate using an acid. ...

Radiation protection

Potassium iodide may also be used to protect the thyroid from radioactive iodine in the event of an accident or attack at a nuclear power plant, or other nuclear attack, especially where a nuclear reactor is breached and the volatile radionuclides, which contain significant amount of ¹³¹I, are released into the environment. Radioiodine is a particularly dangerous radionuclide because the body concentrates it in the thyroid gland. Potassium iodide cannot protect against other causes of radiation poisoning, however, nor can it provide any degree of protection against a dirty bomb unless the bomb happens to contain a significant amount of radioactive iodine. In case of a nuclear emergency, iodine used for the cleaning of wounds should not be ingested.^[7] It is a poison. Radioiodine is the common name for iodine-131, a radioisotope of iodine. ... A nuclear power station. ... Nuclear war, or atomic war, is war in which nuclear weapons are used. ... Core of a small nuclear reactor used for research. ... Iodine-131 (131I), also called radioiodine, is a radioisotope of iodine which has medical and pharmaceutical uses. ... Radiation poisoning, also called radiation sickness, is a form of damage to organ tissue due to excessive exposure to ionizing radiation. ... The term dirty bomb is primarily used to refer to a radiological dispersal device (RDD), a radiological weapon which combines radioactive material with conventional explosives. ... Iodine-131 (131I), also called radioiodine, is a radioisotope of iodine which has medical and pharmaceutical uses. ... Fallout is the residual radiation hazard from a nuclear explosion, so named because it falls out of the atmosphere into which it is spread during the explosion. ... For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). ... In general terms, eating (formally, ingestion) is the process of consuming something edible, i. ... For other uses, see Poison (disambiguation). ...

An unopened box of Potassium iodate tablets, produced and distributed to the population of the Republic of Ireland in case of a terror attack on the Sellafield nuclear power station in the United Kingdom.

See fission products and the external links for more details. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1950x1482, 447 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Potassium iodide Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1950x1482, 447 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Potassium iodide Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... An iodate is a salt of iodic acid. ... The Sellafield facility on the Cumbrian coast, United Kingdom Sellafield is the name of a nuclear site, close to the village and railway station of Seascale, operated by Sellafield Ltd, but owned since 1 April 2005 by the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority. ... A nuclear power plant (NPP) is a thermal power station in which the heat source is one or more nuclear reactors. ... Fission products are the residues of fission processes. ...

Precautions

Mild irritant, wear gloves. Chronic overexposure can have adverse effects on the thyroid.

References

Reacts with various compounds since Iodine is a halogen and has greater -I effect Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 75th day of the year (76th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• R05CA02
• World Health Organization's guidelines for iodine prophylaxis following a nuclear accident