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Encyclopedia > Potassium superoxide
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Potassium superoxide
IUPAC name
Potassium Dioxide
General
Chemical formula KO2
Molecular weight 71.098 u
Appearance bright yellow powder,granules or crystal, highly deliquescent.
CAS number 12030-88-5
MSDS link [1][2]
Physical properties
Density and phase at STP 2.14 g/cm3 (?)
Solubility reacts violently with water
Specific gravity  ?
Crystal structure  ?
pH (10% solution with water)
(pKa)
14 (as KOH)
Acidity constant
(pKa)
 ?
Thermal decomposition 698 K (425 °C)
Phase behavior
Melting point  ? k (? °C)
Boiling point  ? k (? °C)
Triple point  ? K (? °C)
 ? bar
Critical point  ? K (? °C)
 ? bar
Heat of fusion
fusH)
 ? kJ/mol
Entropy of fusion
fusS)
 ? J/mol·K
Heat of vaporization
vapH)
 ? kJ/mol
Safety
Ingestion  ?
Inhalation Corrosive
Skin Corrosive
Eyes Corrosive
Flash point  ? °C
Autoignition temperature n/a °C
Explosive limits  ? - ?%
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit
(PEL)
 ?
NIOSH Immediate Danger to Life and Health
(IDLH)
 ?
Precautions
  • Hazards:
    • powerful oxidizer, extremely reactive, corrosive.
  • Personal protection:
Skin: Prevent skin contact
Eyes: Prevent eye contact
Wash skin: Wash with water.
Remove: When wet or contaminated
Change: No recommendation
Provide: Eyewash, Quick drench
  • Reacts with:
Combustible: water, ammonia, acids, oxygen production may cause the combustion of any combustible in the immediate area.
  • Storage:
    • Air tight sealed container recommended, dry and dark environment.
Solid properties
Standard enthalpy change of formation
fH0solid)
 ? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy
(S0solid)
 ? J/mol·K
Heat capacity
(Cp)
 ? J/mol·K
Density  ? g/cm3
Liquid properties
ΔfH0liquid  ? kJ/mol
S0liquid  ? J/mol·K
Cp  ? J/mol·K
Density  ? g/cm3
Gas properties
ΔfH0gas  ? kJ/mol
S0gas  ? J/mol·K
Cp  ? J/mol·K

Except where noted, all data was produced under conditions of standard temperature and pressure. IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic way of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... The molecular mass of a substance (less accurately called molecular weight and abbreviated as MW) is the mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic mass unit u (equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12). ... The unified atomic mass unit (u), or dalton (Da), is a small unit of mass used to express atomic masses and molecular masses. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences and alloys. ... This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ... Temperature and air pressure can vary from one place to another on the Earth, and can also vary in the same place with time. ... The gram or gramme, symbol g, is a unit of mass, and is defined as one one-thousandth of the SI base unit kilogram (i. ... The metre, or meter (symbol: m) is the SI base unit of length. ... A solvent is a liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution. ... Relative density (also known as specific gravity) is a measure of the density of a material. ... Rose des Sables (Sand Rose), formed of gypsum crystals In mineralogy and crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystal. ... The title of this article begins with a capital letter, due to technical limitations of the MediaWiki software. ... Dissolving table salt in water In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more substances (the solutes) dissolved in another substance (the solvent). ... Water (from the Old English word wæter; c. ... The chemical compound potassium hydroxide, (KOH) sometimes known as caustic potash, potassa, potash lye, and potassium hydrate, is a metallic base. ... ... The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid. ... In physics, the triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of that substance may coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium. ... A bar (symbol bar) is a unit of pressure. ... Chemistry In chemistry, a critical point is the conditions ( temperature, pressure) at which the liquid state of the matter ceases to exist. ... Heat of fusion is the amount of heat energy which must be absorbed or lost for 1 gram of a substance to change states from a solid to a liquid or vice versa. ... A kilojoule (abbreviation: kJ) is a unit of energy equal to 1000 joules. ... The mole (symbol: mol) is the SI base unit of the amount of particulate substance. ... The Entropy of fusion of a substance represents the increase in the degree of disorder involved in the transition from an organized crystalline solid to the disorganized structure of a liquid. ... The joule (symbol: J) is the SI unit of energy, or work. ... The heat of vaporization is a physical property of substances. ... There is a live album by the Rolling Stones called Flashpoint The flash point of a fuel is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mix with air. ... The autoignition temperature of a substance is the lowest temperature at which it will spontaneously combust in a normal atmosphere, without an external source of ignition, such as a flame or spark. ... The explosive limit of a gas or a vapour, is the limiting concentration (in air) that is needed for the gas to ignite and explode. ... The United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was created by Congress under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, signed by President Richard M. Nixon on December 29, 1970. ... The Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL or OSHA PEL) is a legal limit in the United States for personal exposure to a substance, usually expressed in parts per million (ppm). ... The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is the United States federal agency responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness. ... Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH or NIOSH IDLH) is a limit for personal exposure to a substance defined by the United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), normally expressed in parts per million (ppm). ... In jewelry, a solid gold piece is the alternative to gold-filled or gold-plated jewelry. ... The standard enthalpy of formation of a compound is the change of enthalpy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of that substance from its component elements, at their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 25 degrees Celsius and 100 kilopascals). ... In chemistry, the standard molar entropy is the entropy content of one mole of substance, under conditions of standard temperature and pressure. ... Heat capacity (abbreviated Cth or just C, also called thermal capacity) is the ability of matter to store heat. ... A liquid will assume the shape of its container. ... A gas is one of the phases of matter. ... Temperature and air pressure can vary from one place to another on the Earth, and can also vary in the same place with time. ...

Potassium superoxide (symbol KO2) is a superoxide of potassium. It is produced by burning molten potassium in pure oxygen. Potassium superoxide is used as a powerful oxidizing agent in industrial chemistry, as a CO2 scrubber, H2O dehumidifier and O2 generator in rebreathers, spacecraft and spacesuit life support systems. Superoxide is a reactive anion and free radical, formally O2-. It is produced most easily by burning rubidium or caesium in oxygen. ... General Name, Symbol, Number potassium, K, 19 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 4, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 39. ... General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless Atomic mass 15. ... Carbon dioxide is an atmospheric gas composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms. ... Water (from the Old English word wæter; c. ... O2 can refer to: Oxygen O2 plc, a telecommunications company. ... Inspiration closed circuit diving rebreather A rebreather is a type of breathing equipment that provides a breathing gas containing oxygen and recycles exhaled gas. ... Ariane 5 lifts off with the Rosetta space probe on March 2, 2004. ... Apollo 15 space suit A spacesuit is a complex system of garments, equipment, and environmental systems designed to keep a person alive and comfortable in the harsh environment of outer space. ... This article is about life support systems for outer space or underwater. ...


Important reactions:


4 KO2 + 2 H2O → 4 KOH + 3 O2


2 KOH + CO2 → K2CO3 + H2O


K2CO3 + CO2 + H2O → 2 KHCO3


The Russian Space Agency has had success using potassium superoxide in chemical oxygen generators for its spacesuits and Soyuz spacecraft. KO2 has also been utilized in canisters for rebreathers for fire fighting and mine rescue work, but had limited use in scuba rebreathers because of the dangers of explosive reaction with water. The theoretical capacity of KO2 is the absorption of 0.309 kg CO2 per kg of absorbent while 0.38 kg O2 are generated per kg of absorbent. The human body though will produce more CO2 than oxygen absorbed, thus a device or absorbent specifically for CO2 scrubbing may also be required. The Russian Federal Space Agency, formerly the Russian Aviation and Space Agency (RKA) (in Russian: Российское авиационно-космическое агентство) is the government agency responsible for Russias space science program and general aerospace research. ... A chemical oxygen generator is a device that releases oxygen created by a chemical reaction. ... Soyuz TMA-6 spacecraft approaching International Space Station Soyuz 19 spacecraft as seen from Apollo CM Soyuz spacecraft of the Apollo Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) Early 7K-OK Soyuz at National Space Centre, Leicester, England Soyuz (Soyus, Союз, union) is a series of spacecraft designed by Sergey Korolev for the Soviet... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Scuba - Steve from london, ontario is a jackass and likes giving gummers. ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
superoxide: Definition and Much More from Answers.com (691 words)
In phagocytes, superoxide is produced in large quantities by the enzyme NADPH oxidase for use in oxygen-dependent killing mechanisms of invading pathogens.
The biological toxicity of superoxide is due to its capacity to inactivate iron-sulfur cluster containing enzymes (which are critical in a wide variety of metabolic pathways), thereby liberating free iron in the cell, which can undergo fenton-chemistry and generate the highly reactive hydroxyl radical.
Because superoxide is toxic, nearly all organisms living in the presence of oxygen contain isoforms of the superoxide scavenging enzyme, superoxide dismutase, or SOD.
Potassium superoxide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (190 words)
Potassium superoxide (symbol KO) is a superoxide of potassium.
It is produced by burning molten potassium in pure oxygen.
Potassium superoxide is used as a powerful oxidizing agent in industrial chemistry, as a CO
  More results at FactBites »


 

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