The word prefect can refer to any of a number of types of official, including:
in Latin, a praefectus was a high-ranking military or civil official in the Roman Empire. The title now attaches to the heads of some departments of the Roman Curia, who are traditionally Cardinals, and if not are titled Pro-Prefect.
in the context of schools, a prefect is a pupil who has been given authority over other pupils in the school, such as a hall monitor or safety patrol. In Britishpublic schools, prefects, usually sixth formers, have considerable power and effectively run the school outside the classroom. Once they were even allowed to administer corporal punishment. They usually answer to a senior prefect known as the Head of School (colloquially, Head Boy or Head Girl).
in France, a prefect (préfet) is the State's representative in a région (thus called préfet de région) or département. His agency is called the préfecture. Sub-prefects (sous-préfets, sous-préfecture) operate in the arrondissements under his responsibility.
in Italy a prefect (prefetto) is the State's representative in a province (provincia). His agency is called the prefettura.
Latin is the language that was originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... Roman Empire between AD 60 and 400 with major cities. ... The Roman Curia is the complex of the organs and the authorities that constitute the administrative apparatus of the Holy See, coordinating and providing the necessary organisation for the correct functioning of the Roman Catholic Church and the achievement of its goals. ... A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking just below the Pope and appointed by him as a member of the College of Cardinals, during a consistory. ... A school is most commonly a place designated for learning. ... A Hall Monitor is usally a student in some schools given a special priviledge to patrol the halls of the institution, as the name suggests. ... A public school, in common English and Welsh usage, is a (usually) prestigious school, for children usually between the ages of 11 or 13 and 18, which charges fees and is not financed by the state. ... The sixth form in the English education system is the term used to refer to the final two years of secondary schooling (when students are about sixteen to eighteen years of age), during which students normally prepare for their GCE A-level examinations. ... Corporal punishment is the deliberate infliction of pain intended as correction or punishment. ... In France and many other French-speaking countries, a préfet (English: prefect) is the States representative in a département or région (in the later case, he is called a préfet de région). ... France is divided into 26 régions: 21 of these are in the continental part of metropolitan France, one is Corse on the island of Corsica (although strictly speaking Corse is in fact a territorial collectivity, not a région, but is referred to as a région in common... The départements (or departments) are administrative units of France, roughly analogous to British counties and are now grouped into 22 metropolitan and four overseas régions. ... In France, a préfecture is the capital city of a département. ... The 100 French départements are divided into 342 arrondissements. ... In Italy, the Province (in Italian: provincia) is an administrative division of an intermediate level, between municipality (comune) and region (regione). ...
Praefectus, often with a further qualification, was the formal title of many, fairly low to high-ranking, military or civil officials in the Roman Empire, whose authority was not embodied in their person (as it was with elected Magistrates) but conferred by delegation from a higher authority.
Praefectus Sarmatarum gentilium (from the steppes, notably in Italy)
Praefectus urbi: a prefect of the republican era who guarded the city during the annual sacrifice of the feriae latina on Mount Alban in which the Consuls participated.
The city praefect (praefectus urbis) acted at Rome as the deputy of the chief magistrate or magistrates during his or their absence from the city.
The exceptional position thus accorded to Egypt was due to a regard on the part of the emperors to the peculiar character of the population, the strategic strength of the country, and its political importance as the granary of Rome.
Praefectus Vigilum, the commander of the seven cohortes vigilum, a night police force instituted by Augustus (A.D. To each cohort, consisting of about moo men (chiefly freedmen), was entrusted the care of two of the fourteen city districts; one of its chief duties was that of a fire brigade.
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