NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Prambanan

Prambanan is the largest Hindu temple compound in Indonesia, located in central Java, approximately 18 km east of Yogyakarta (7°45′8″S, 110°29′30″ECoordinates: 7°45′8″S, 110°29′30″E).^{[citation needed]} It was built around 850 CE by either Rakai Pikatan, king of the second Mataram dynasty or Balitung Maha Sambu, during the Sanjaya dynasty. Not long after its construction, the temple was abandoned and began to deteriorate. Reconstruction of the compound began in 1918. The main building was completed in around 1953, since it is next to impossible to find the original stonework, which has often been stolen and reused at remote construction sites. A temple will only be rebuilt if at least 75% of the original stones are available. Therefore only their foundation walls of most of the smaller shrines are visible and they will not be rebuilt. Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ... The prambanan temple complex (C)opyleft 2003, Thomas Hirsch (Ravn) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... As of 2006, there are a total of 830 World Heritage Sites located in 138 State Parties. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Indonesia. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... This is a list of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Asia, Australia and the Pacific (Australasia). ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... Java (Indonesian, Javanese, and Sundanese: Jawa) is an island of Indonesia, and the site of its capital city, Jakarta. ... The Special Region of Yogyakarta (Indonesian: Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, or DIY), is a province of Indonesia on the island of Java. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Events April 20 - Guntherus becomes Bishop of Cologne. ... â€œEra Vulgarisâ€ redirects here. ... Mataram was the last major independent Javanese empire on Java before the island was colonized by the Dutch. ... For the Javanese dynasty of the same name, see Sanjaya Dynasty. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday. ...

Today, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the largest Hindu temples in south-east Asia. It is characterised by its tall and pointed architecture, typical of Hindu temple architecture, and by the 47m high central building inside a large complex of individual temples. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... Temple architecture in the Hindu tradition is connected to astronomy and sacred geometry. ...

The temple was damaged during the earthquake in Java in 2006. Early photos suggested that although the complex appears to be structurally intact, damage is significant, with large pieces of debris, including carvings, scattered over the ground. The temple has been closed to the public until damage can be fully assessed. The head of Yogyakarta Archaeological Conservation Agency stated that: "it will take months to identify the precise damage".^[1] However, some weeks later in 2006 the site re-opened for visitors. The immediate surroundings of the Hindu temples remain off-limits for safety reason. The May 2006 Java earthquake occurred at 05:54 local time on 27 May 2006 (22:54 GMT 26 May), in the Indian Ocean around 25 km (15 miles) south-southwest of the Indonesian city of Yogyakarta, near Galur, on the southern side of the island of Java (), 17. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

The complex

The compound is assembled of eight main shrines or candis, and more than 250 surrounding individual candis. The three main shrines, called Trisakti (Ind. "three sacred places"), are dedicated to the three gods Shiva the Destroyer, Vishnu the Keeper and Brahma the Creator. The 2006 Java earthquake occurred at 05:54 local time on 27 May 2006 (22:54 GMT 26 May), in the Indian Ocean around 25 km (15 miles) south-southwest of the Indonesian city of Yogyakarta, near Galur, on the southern side of the island of Java (), 17. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Maya (illusion). ... This article is about the deity Shiva. ... Vishnu (IAST , Devanagari ), (honorific: Sri Vishnu) also known as Narayana is the Supreme Being or Ultimate Reality for Vaishnavas and a manifestation of Brahman in the Advaita or Smarta traditions. ... This article concerns the Hindu creator god, Brahma. ...

The Shiva shrine at the center contains four chambers, one in every cardinal direction. While the first contains a three meter high statue of Shiva, the other three contain smaller statues of Durga, his wife, Agastya, a risi, and Ganesha, his son. The statue of Durga is also called temple of Loro Jonggrang (slender virgin), after a Javanese princess, daughter of King Boko. She was forced to marry a man she did not love, Bandung Bondowoso. After long negotiations she eventually agreed to the marriage, under the condition that her prince built her a temple ornamented with 1000 statues, between the setting and the rising of the sun. Helped by supernatural beings, the prince was about to succeed. So the princess ordered the women of the village to set a fire in the east of the temple, attempting to make the prince believe that the sun was about to rise. As the cocks began to crow, fooled by the light, the supernatural helpers fled. The prince, furious about the simple trick, changed Loro Jongrang to stone. She became the last and the most beautiful of the thousand statues. In Hinduism, Durga (Sanskrit: , Bengali: ) is a form of Devi, the supreme goddess. ... In Hinduism, Agastya (à¤…à¤—à¤¸à¥à¤¤à¥à¤¯ in devanagari, pronounced /É™ gÉ™s tyÉ™/) is a legendary Vedic sage or rishi. ... For other uses, see Ganesha (disambiguation). ...

The two other main shrines are that of Vishnu, to the north, and the one of Brahma, facing to the south. In front of each main temple is a smaller candis on the east side, dedicated to the mounts of the respective god - the bull Nandi for Shiva, the gander Angsa for Brahma, and Vishnus Eagle Garuda, which serves as the national symbol of Indonesia (cf. also to the airline Garuda Indonesia). An idol of Nandi in a Chennai temple The largest idol of Nandi is at the Dodda Ganeshana Gudi, Bangalore. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... PT (Persero) Perusahaan Penerbangan Garuda Indonesia, abbreviated to Garuda Indonesia, is the national airline of Indonesia. ...

The bas-reliefs along the twenty sides of the temple depict the Ramayana legend. They illustrate how Sita, the wife of Rama, is abducted by an evil ogre. The monkey king Hanuman brings his army to help Rama and rescue Sita. This story is also shown by the Ramayana Ballet, regularly performed at full moon in front of the illuminated Prambanan complex. Bas relief is a method of sculpting which entails carving or etching away the surface of a flat piece of stone or metal. ... For the television series by Ramanand Sagar, see Ramayan (TV series). ... Lord Rama (center) with wife Sita, brother Lakshmana and devotee Hanuman. ... Rama ( in IAST, in DevanÄgarÄ«) or Ramachandra is a legendary or historical king of ancient India. ... For the Tamil movie by same name see Anjaneya (film). ...

The temple complex is surrounded by more than 250 individual temples of different sizes, called Pewara, believed to have been offered to the king as a sign of submission. The Pewara are arranged in four rows around the central temples, according to the rank of the people allowed to enter them. While the central row was accessible to the priests only, the other three were reserved for the nobles, the knights and the simple people respectively.

Not far to the west Candi Kalasan and Candi Sari, and to the south the Ratu Boko's Palace on higher ground - each provide further clues and details to the Prambanan complex and some of its mysteries. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Ratu Bokos Palace is a remaining of a monastery and King Bokos palace that was built around 8th century in Yogyakarta, Indonesia under the reign of Rakai Panangkaran, descendant of the Sailendra dynasty. ...

Gallery

See also

Borobudur is a ninth century Buddhist Mahayana monument in Central Java, Indonesia. ... Ratu Bokos Palace is a remaining of a monastery and King Bokos palace that was built around 8th century in Yogyakarta, Indonesia under the reign of Rakai Panangkaran, descendant of the Sailendra dynasty. ... Indonesian Architecture reflects the same diversity of cultural, historical, and geographic influences that have shaped Indonesia as a whole. ...

References

For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 28 is the 148th day of the year (149th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

v • d • e

World Heritage Sites in Indonesia

Temple Compounds of Borobudur and Prambanan · Komodo · Lorentz · Sangiran Early Man Site · Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra · Ujung Kulon Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... Image File history File links Portal. ... Wikitravel is a project to create an open content, complete, up-to-date, and reliable world-wide travel guide. ... Hinduism (known as in some modern Indian languages[1]) is a religion that originated in the Indian subcontinent. ... Image File history File links Aum. ... Åšruti (Sanskrit à¤¶à¥à¤°à¥à¤¤à¤¿, what is heard) is a canon of Hindu scriptures. ... Smriti (Sanskrit à¤¸à¥à¤®à¥„à¤¤à¤¿, that which is remembered) refers to a specific canon of Hindu religious scripture. ... Hinduism encompasses many movements and schools fairly organized within Hindu denominations. ... Within Hinduism a large number of personalities, or forms, are worshipped as deities or murtis. ... These are some of the most noteworthy Gurus and Saints of Hinduism: A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada Adi Shankara Amritanandamayi Baba Lokenath Brahmachari Bhakti Vaibhava Puri Maharaj Bhagawan Nityananda Bhagwan Swaminarayan Chinmayananda Gurumayi Chidvilasananda Lahiri Mahasaya Madhvacharya Mahavatar Babaji Mother Meera Muktananda Narayana Guru Nimbarka Nisargadatta Maharaj Raghavendra Swami Ramakrishna... Hinduism encompasses many movements and schools fairly organized within Hindu sects. ... Karma is a concept in Hinduism, based on the Vedas and Upanishads, which explains causality through a system where beneficial events are derived from past beneficial actions and harmful events from past harmful actions, creating a system of actions and reactions throughout a persons reincarnated lives. ... (Sanskrit) (Devnagari: à¤§à¤°à¥à¤®) or Dhamma (Pali) is the underlying order in nature and human life and behaviour considered to be in accord with that order. ... Moksha - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Statue of Shiva performing Yogic meditation Yoga (Devanagari: à¤¯à¥‹à¤—) is a group of ancient spiritual practices originating in India. ... In Tibet, many Buddhists carve mantras into rocks as a form of devotion. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Shirodhara, one of the techniques of Ayurveda Ayurveda (Devanagari: ) or Ayurvedic medicine is an ancient system of health care that is native to the Indian subcontinent. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... Borobudur is a ninth century Buddhist Mahayana monument in Central Java, Indonesia. ... The Komodo National Park is located in Indonesia, in the area of the Lesser Sunda Islands, in the border region between the provinces of Nusa Tenggara Timur and Nusa Tenggara Barat. ... The Lorentz National Park is located in Indonesia, in the province of Papua. ... Sangiran is an archaeological excavation site at the island of Java in Indonesia. ... The UNESCO Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra World Heritage site was listed in 2004 and comprises the three Indonesian National Parks on the island of Sumatra - Gunung Leuser National Park, Kerinci Seblat National Park and the Southern Hills National Park. ... External Links http://users. ...

Encyclopedia > Prambanan

Contents

The complex

Gallery

See also

References

External links