Precognition (from the Latin præ-, “prior to,” + cognitio, “a getting to know”) denotes a form of extra-sensory perception wherein a person is able to perceive information about places or events before they happen through paranormal means.^[1][2] Prescience is the ability to predict the future through vision. ... Anomalous cognition is a general term describing a transfer of information to a subject through currently unknown means. ... Retrocognition, also called postcognition, is the supposed ability to know something about a situation after its occurrence through psychic means. ... For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ... Extra-sensory perception (ESP) is defined in parapsychology as the ability to aquire information by paranormal means. ... // Paranormal is an umbrella term used to describe a wide variety of reported anomalous phenomena. ...

A related term, presentiment, refers to information about future events which is perceived in the form of emotions or feelings at the autonomic level. These terms are considered by some to be special cases of the more general term clairvoyance. This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Clairvoyance, from 17th century French Clair meaning clear and voyant meaning seeing, is a term used to describe the transference of information about an object, location or physical event through means other than the 5 traditional senses (See Psi). ...

Those skeptical of the existence of precognition and other forms of ESP believe it to be the result of fraud or self-delusion.^[3] ESP can mean: In the paranormal: Extra-sensory perception Effective Sensory Projection In music: E.S.P. (Miles Davis album), an album by Miles Davis E.S.P. (Bee Gees album), an album by the Bee Gees Ectopic Shapeshifting Penance-propulsion, on The Mars Voltas De-Loused in the...

Introduction

Throughout history people have claimed to have precognitive abilities, and prophecy is a feature of many religions. Just as prevalent are anecdotal accounts of precognitions from the general public, such as someone "knowing" who is on the other end of a ringing telephone before they answer it, or having a dream of unusual clarity with elements of content that later occur. While anecdotal accounts do not provide scientific proof of precognition, such common experiences motivate continued research. This article or section seems to describe future events as if they have already occurred. ... An anecdote is a short tale told about an interesting, amusing, or biographical incident. ... The scientific method or process is fundamental to the scientific investigation and acquisition of new knowledge based upon physical evidence. ...

History

J. W. Dunne, a British aeronautics engineer, undertook the first systematic study of precognition in the early twentieth century. In 1927, he published the classic An Experiment with Time, which contained his findings and theories. Dunne's study was based on his own precognitive dreams, which involved both trivial incidents in his own life and major news events appearing in the press the day after the dream. When first realizing that he was seeing the future in his dreams, Dunne worried that he was "a freak." His worries soon eased when he discovered that precognitive dreams are common; he concluded that many people have them without realizing it, perhaps because they do not recall the details or fail to properly interpret the dream symbols. John William Dunne (1875 - 1949) established his career as an aeronautical engineer working on many early military aircraft. ... Six F-16 Fighting Falcons with the U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds aerial demonstration team fly in delta formation in front of the Empire State Building. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar (often from (1900 to 1999 in common usage). ... Year 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... An Experiment with Time, by J.W. Dunne, was published first in March of 1927. ...

Joseph Banks Rhine and Louisa Rhine began the next significant systematic research of precognition in the 1930s at the Parapsychology Laboratory at Duke University.^{[citation needed]} Rhine used card-guessing experiments in which the participant was asked to record his guess of the order of a card deck before the deck was shuffled. Joseph Banks Rhine (September 29, 1895 – February 20, 1980) (usually known as J. B. Rhine) was a pioneer of parapsychology. ... Face The 1930s (years from 1930–1939) were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known in Europe as the World Depression. ... Early parapsychological research employed the use of Zener cards in experiments designed to test for possible telepathic communication. ... Duke University is a private coeducational research university located in Durham, North Carolina, USA. Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the present-day town of Trinity in 1838, the school moved to Durham in 1892. ... Some typical modern playing cards. ...

London psychiatrist J. A. Barker established the British Premonitions Bureau in 1967, which collected precognitive data in order to provide an early warning system of impending disasters. Barker succeeded in finding a number of "human seismographs" who tuned in regularly to disasters, but were unable to accurately pinpoint the times. Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... Seismographs (in Greek seismos = earthquake and graphein = write) are used by seismologists to record seismic waves. ...

The Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research Lab began in 1979 with precognitive experiments have since been done in a variety of formats by various parapsychologists, for example by the remote viewing researchers. This facility is now closed. The Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research (PEAR) program was established at Princeton University in 1979 by Robert G. Jahn, then Dean of the School of Engineering and Applied Science, to pursue rigorous scientific study of the interaction of human consciousness with physical devices, systems, and processes common to contemporary engineering practice. ... Remote viewing (RV) is a broad term for a variety of techniques or protocols employed to produce and control extra-sensory perception (ESP). ...

Skepticism

Common experiences which seem like precognition have motivate continued research in the area. Skeptics think that because the anecdotal evidence does not provide sufficient scientific support for belief in precognition. There is a strong human tendency to selectively recall coincidences and forget all the times where, for example, dreams and other precognitions do not come to pass or the person on the other end of the phone is not who was expected.^[4] An anecdote is a short tale told about an interesting, amusing, or biographical incident. ... The scientific method or process is fundamental to the scientific investigation and acquisition of new knowledge based upon physical evidence. ...

Precognition in fiction

• In the TV series Charmed Phoebe Halliwell has the power of premonition, which included precognition and recognition.
• In the Star Wars franchise, both the Jedi and Sith are granted precognitive abilities through mastery of The Force. Allowing them to predict probably future events and to react to events that have not yet happened; giving them the appearance of possessing super human reflexes in combat.
• In Heroes, Isaac Mendez has the ability to see and paint pictures from the future. His powers are later taken on by the empath Peter Petrelli and serial killer Sylar.
• Horror author Stephen King uses precognition in some of his novels, most notably The Shining and The Dead Zone.
• Precognition, and the implications of wielding a power like it, plays a significant role in Frank Herbert's Dune series, in which precognition is essential to faster than light space travel.
• Many Marvel/DC character possess the power of precognition, including Destiny of the X-Men comics and Lilith from Teen Titans series. Spider-Man's "spider-sense" is also a limited precognitive sense
• Precognition appears in several notable manga and anime. Examples include Sailor Moon's Rei Hino whose Miko powers grant her limited precognitive abilities, Burdock. Goku's biological father from the series Dragon Ball, who is "cursed" with precognitive sense by a warrior from the Planet Kannasa, and Kakei owner of Green Drugstore from Clamp's manga series Legal Drug.
• Minority Report features 3 precognitives that predict crimes before they happen within a 200 mile radius of a future Washington D.C.

See also Category:Fictional characters with precognition

For other uses, see charm. ... Star Wars is an epic space opera saga and a fictional universe initially developed by George Lucas during the 1970s and expanded since that time. ... Jedi Knights and Jedi Knight redirect here. ... Within the Star Wars universe, the term Sith is used to describe two separate but related groups. ... “May The Force Be With You” redirects here. ... It has been suggested that Primatech be merged into this article or section. ... Isaac Mendez is a fictional character in the NBC drama Heroes, portrayed by Santiago Cabrera. ... This article or section contains a plot summary that is overly long or excessively detailed compared to the rest of the article. ... Gabriel Gray, commonly known by his assumed name of Sylar, is a fictional character and main antagonist on the NBC drama Heroes. ... Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of over 200 stories including over 50 bestselling horror novels. ... The Shining (1977) is a horror novel by American author Stephen King. ... The Dead Zone is a novel by Stephen King published in 1979. ... The fictional Dune universe, or Duniverse, is the political, scientific, and social setting of author Frank Herberts six-book Dune series of science fiction novels. ... Destiny (Irene Adler) was a Marvel Comics character, known as an adversary of the X-Men. ... The X-Men are a group of comic book superheroes featured in Marvel Comics. ... Lilith Clay is a young superheroine who occasionally appears in DC Comics Teen Titans titles. ... Teen Titans redirects here. ... Spider-Man swinging around his hometown, New York City. ... “Original manga” redirects here. ... “Animé” redirects here. ... For the title character, see Sailor Moon (character) and for the first story arc, see Sailor Moon (arc). ... Rei Hino , or Raye in the English versions) is one of the central characters in the Sailor Moon metaseries. ... This is a list of Saiyans who first appeared in the Dragon Ball manga and anime series, the Dragon Ball movies and the self-parody manga Neko Majin Z. Following some characters profiles are external links that focus upon them. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Clamp (officially typeset as CLAMP) is an all-female Japanese mangaka group. ... Legal Drug ) is a manga series by Clamp. ... Minority Report is a 2002 science fiction film directed by Steven Spielberg, loosely based on the Philip K. Dick short story of the same name. ...

References

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See also

• Parapsychology
• Premonition
• Prescience
• Anomalous cognition
• Déjà vu
• Second sight
• Postcognition

Early parapsychological research employed the use of Zener cards in experiments designed to test for possible telepathic communication. ... Look up Premonition in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Prescience is the ability to predict the future through vision. ... Anomalous cognition is a general term describing a transfer of information to a subject through currently unknown means. ... For other uses, see Déjà vu (disambiguation). ... Second sight is a form of extra-sensory perception whereby a person perceives information, in the form of vision, about future events before they happen. ... Retrocognition is the supposed ability to know something about a situation after its occurrence through psychic means. ...

External links

• Precognition, Presentiment & Remote Viewing - Dean Radin
• The Best Case for ESP?
• Failed Psychic Predictions for 1998
• A simple experiment for validating Dream Precognition
• Online Psi Experiments Links to precognition experiments (Parapsych.org affiliate of the AAAS)