The Preparedness Movement was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the US military. Roosevelt wrote two books, America and the World War, and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement. Wood advocated a summer training school for reseve officers to be held in Plattsburg, New York.
Opposing the idea was Woodrow Wilson who believed the United States should be in a position of unarmed neutrality. Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement. They held parades and organized opposition to Wilson's policies.
When the Lusitania was sunk on May 7, 1915. Wilson's attitude changed. The National Defense Act was passed on June 3, 1916 and Congress authorized an enormous increase in the military. The Preparedness Movement faded.
On March 29, 1809, after being conquered by the armies of Russian Emperor Alexander I, Finland became an autonomous Grand Duchy under the Russian Empire until the end of 1917.
During this time, Finnish started gaining recognition by both the imperial court and the governing bodies, first probably to sever the cultural and emotional ties with Sweden and thereafter, from the 1860s onwards, as a result of a strong nationalist movement, known as the Fennoman movement.
An example of such a law is the State of Preparedness Act which gives the Council of State certain exceptional powers in cases of national emergency.
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