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Encyclopedia > President of the Soviet Union

The President of the Soviet Union was the Head of State of the USSR from March 15, 1990 to December 25, 1991. Mikhail Gorbachev was the first and only person to occupy the office. Gorbachev was also General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (a position that he had held since March 1985) between March 1990 and August 1991. He derived an increasingly greater share of his power from his position as President until he finally resigned as General Secretary after the Soviet coup attempt of 1991. President is a title held by many leaders of organizations, companies, universities, and countries. ... Queen Elizabeth II, is the Head of State of 16 countries including: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Jamaica, New Zealand and the Bahamas, as well as crown colonies and overseas territories of the United Kingdom. ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (75th in Leap years). ... This article is about the year. ... December 25 is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 6 days remaining. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... (Russian: , IPA: , commonly anglicized as Gorbachev; born March 2, 1931) was leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991. ... The General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (First Secretary in 1953-1966) was the title synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union after Vladimir Lenins death in 1924. ... This article is about the year. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... During the Soviet Coup of 1991, also known as the August Putsch or August Coup, a group of hardliners within the Soviet Communist party briefly deposed Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and attempted to take control of the country. ...


The office had not existed until 1990; previously the head of Soviet state had been the Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR (Chairman of the All-Union Executive Committee, ВЦИК) from 1922-1938, the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1938-1989, then the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet in 1989-90. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (Президиум Верховного Совета СССР in Russian, or Prezidium Verkhovnogo Soveta) was a Soviet governmental body. ...


From the mid-1920s on, all effective executive political power was in the hands of the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the Chairman exercising largely symbolic and figurehead duties. Starting with Leonid Brezhnev in 1977, four General Secretaries simultaneously served as Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet during their time in office. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Social issues of the 1920s. ... A figurehead is a person, usually in a political role, who may hold an important title or office yet executes little actual power. ... Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (Russian: ; December 19 [O.S. January 1 1907] 1906 – November 10, 1982) was the effective ruler of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982, though at first in partnership with others. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ...


List of Heads of State of Soviet Russia (1917-1922) and the USSR (1922-1991): 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

  • Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets
Note: The first Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets elected in June 1917 was not a governing body and its chairman was not the head of Russian state. This changed at the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets during the October Revolution.
Note: On December 30, 1922 the Soviet Union was formed. It comprised Soviet Russia (RSFSR) and other Communist-controlled Soviet republics. Mikhail Kalinin retained his position as Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets and became Chairman of the newly formed Central Executive Committee of the USSR as well. Both positions were mostly ceremonial, increasingly so in later years.
Note: On March 15, 1990 most constitutional powers were transferred to the newly created office of the President of the Soviet Union. Anatoly Lukyanov was elected Chairman of the Supreme Soviet to replace Mikhail Gorbachev. Although the Chairman's office retained its name, it was now that of a parliamentary speaker, not a head of state. Real executive powers were retained by Mikhail Gorbachev.

  Results from FactBites:
 
Soviet Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (6313 words)
The Soviet Union, founded three decades before the Cold War, became a primary model for future Communist states; the government and the political organization of the country were defined by the only permitted political party, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
The Soviet Union was established in December 1922 as the union of the Russian (colloquially known as Bolshevist Russia), Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Transcaucasian Soviet republics ruled by Bolshevik parties.
The Soviet Union occupied the eastern portion of the European continent and the northern portion of the Asian continent.
President of the Soviet Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (747 words)
The President of the Soviet Union was the Head of State of the USSR from March 15, 1990 to December 25, 1991.
From the mid-1920s on, all effective executive political power was in the hands of the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the Chairman exercising largely symbolic and figurehead duties.
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR
  More results at FactBites »


 

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