Primate of Ireland is a title possessed by the Catholic and Church of Ireland (Anglican) Archbishops of Dublin. It does not however indicate that the Archbishop is the most senior clergyman of his Chistian denomination in Ireland but rather he is the second-most senior figure, the most senior figure in both denominations, the Archbishops of Armagh, possessing the title Primate of All Ireland. ^[1] Catholic Patriarchal (non cardinal) coat of arms Primate (from the Latin Primus, first) is a title or rank bestowed on some bishops in certain Christian churches. ... The Church of Ireland (Irish: ) is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion, operating seamlessly across the border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. ... Primate of All Ireland is the title held by the Archbishop of Armagh. ... Primate of All Ireland is the title held by the Archbishop of Armagh. ...

The Catholic Archbishop presides over the Archdiocese of Dublin and the Church of Ireland Archbishop over the United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough. The Archdiocese of Dublin is the largest Roman Catholic diocese in Ireland, governed by the Archbishop of Dublin. ... The United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough are a major element in the Church of Ireland, headed by the Primate of Ireland and Archbishop of Dublin. ...

History

Before the Diocese

The Dublin area was Christian long before Dublin had a distinct diocese, and the remains and memory of monasteries famous before that time, at Finglas, Glasnevin, Glendalough, Kilnamanagh, Rathmichael, Swords, Tallaght, among others, are witness to the faith of earlier generations, and to a flourishing Church life in their time. Several of these functioned as "head churches" and the most powerful of all was Glendalough. In the early church in Ireland, the church had a monastic basis, with greatest power vested in the Abbots of the major communities. There were bishops but not organised dioceses in the modern sense, and the offices of abbot and bishop were often comprised in one person. Some early "Bishops of Dublin," back to 633, are mentioned in Ware's Antiquities of Ireland but the Diocese of Dublin is not considered to have begun until 1038, and when Ireland began to see organised dioceses, all of the current Diocese of Dublin, and more, was comprised in the Diocese of Glendalough. Finglas is a residential suburb on the North side of Dublin City, Ireland. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Irish Grid Reference O158368 Statistics Province: Leinster County: Population () Glasnevin (Glas Naíon, Glas Na’on - Stream of the Infants; also known as Glas Naedhe - ONaeidhe’s Stream (after an ancient Chieftain) - in Irish) is a largely residential neighbourhood of Dublin, Ireland. ... Ancient church at Glendalough monastic site Glendalough is a village located at the site of an ancient monastery located in County Wicklow, Ireland. ... The word swords can refer to: Swords, Dublin swords (blades) Swords, a suit in the Tarot SWORDS, a ground-based military robot This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... // WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 53. ...

The Danish Diocese and early Bishops

Following a reverted conversion by one Norse King of Dublin, Sitric, his son Godfrey became Christian in 943, and the Kingdom of Dublin first sought to have a bishop of their own in the eleventh century, under Sitric MacAulaf, who had been on pilgrimage to Rome. He sent his chosen candidate, Donat (or Donagh or Donatus) to be consecrated in Canterbury in 1038, and the new prelate set up the Diocese of Dublin as a small territory within the walled city, over which he presided until 1074. Sitric also provided for the building of Christ Church Cathedral in 1038 "with the lands of Baldoyle, Raheny and Portrane for its maintenance."^[2] Norseman redirects here; for the town of the same name see Norseman, Western Australia. ... Events King Constantin II of Scotland retires and becomes a monk, succeeded by his cousin Malcolm I of Scotland Births Deaths Harald I of Norway Categories: 943 ...

The second Bishop of Dublin was Patrick or Gilla Pátraic (1074-1084), consecrated at St. Paul's, London, followed by Donngus Ua hAingliu (Donat O'Haingly), 1085-1095, consecrated at Canterbury, and in turn succeeded by his nephew, Samuel Ua hAingliu (Samuel O'Haingly) (1096-1121), consecrated by St. Anselm at Winchester.

At the Synod of Rathbreaasil, convened in 1118 by Gillebert (Gilbert), Bishop of Limerick, on papal authority, the number of dioceses in Ireland was fixed at twenty-four. Dublin was not included, the city being described as lying in the Diocese of Glendalough, but the Danish Bishops continued, still attached to Canterbury.

From 1121, the fifth and last Bishop of Dublin was one Gréne (Gregory), consecrated at Lambeth by Ralph, Archbishop of Canterbury.

Reorganisation of the Church in Ireland, 1152

Then, in 1151, Pope Eugene III commissioned Cardinal Paparo to go to Ireland and establish four metropolitans, and at a general synod at Kells in 1152, Armagh, Dublin, Cashel, and Tuam, were created archiepiscopal sees. In a document drawn up by the then Archbishop of Tuam in 1214, the cardinal is described as finding both a bishop based in Dublin, who at the time exercised his episcopal office within the city walls only, and "He found in the same Diocese another church in the mountains, which likewise had the name of a city [Glendalough] and had a certain chorepiscopus. But he delivered the pallium to Dublin which was the best city and appointed that the diocese (Glendalough) in which both these cities were should be divided, and that one part thereof should fall to the metropolitan." The part of North County Dublin known as Fingall was taken from Glendalough Diocese and attached to Dublin City. The new Archdiocese had 40 parishes, in deanaries based on the old senior monasteries. All dependence upon English churches such as Canterbury was also ended. The Blessed Eugene III, né Bernardo Pignatelli (d. ...

Early Archbishops

Gregory, the existing Bishop of Dublin, was elevated as the first Archbishop, with the Bishops of Kildare, Ossory, Leighlin, Ferns, and Glendalough reporting to him.

The second Archbishop was Lorcán Ua Tuathail (Saint Laurence O'Toole), previously Abbot of Glendalough, who had previously been elected as Bishop of Glendalough but had declined that office. During his time in office, religious orders from the continent came to Ireland, and as part of this trend, Laurence installed a community of canons to minister according to the Aroasian Rule in the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, later known as Christchurch. In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated bishop. ... Lorcán Ua Tuathail, also known as St. ... Abbots coat of arms The word abbot, meaning father, has been used as a Christian clerical title in various, mainly monastic, meanings. ... Christ Church Cathedral (exterior) Christ Church Cathedral (The Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity) in Dublin is the elder of the citys two mediæval cathedrals, the other being St. ...

Not only was the Irish Church transformed in that twelfth century by new organisation and new arrivals from abroad, but Ireland's political scene was changed permanently by the coming of the Normans and the influence of the English Crown. Saint Laurence's successor was a Norman, and from then onward to the time of the Reformation, Dublin's Archbishops were all either Norman or English. High offices in the Church were never free of political influence, and in fact many of Dublin's Archbishops exercised civil authority for the English crown. Archbishop Henry of London's name appears in the text of the Magna Carta along with the names of English Bishops as witnesses. The Normans (adapted from the name Northmen or Norsemen) were Scandinavian invaders (especially Danish Vikings) who began to occupy the northern area of France now known as Normandy in the latter half of the 9th century. ... The Protestant Reformation was a movement which began in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church, but ended in division and the establishment of new institutions, most importantly Lutheranism, Reformed churches, and Anabaptists. ... Languages English Religions Christianity (Anglicanism, Roman Catholicism and other minority denominations), and other faiths. ... Magna Carta Magna Carta (Latin for Great Charter, literally Great Paper), also called Magna Carta Libertatum (Great Charter of Freedoms), is an English charter originally issued in 1215. ...

In 1185, the Pope had granted a petition to combine the Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough, to take effect on the death of the then Bishop of Glendalough. The union took effect in 1216, with the approval of Innocent III, and the dioceses have remained merged ever since.

The University Project

Archbishop Leech of Dublin received a Papal Bull from Clement V in 1311, authorising him to establish a university at Dublin, and this process was completed in 1320, when the university statutes were confirmed by Pope John XXII to the next Archbishop, Adam de Bicknor. The statutes mention the Chapters of both St. Patrick's and Christ Church Cathedrals, which are granted the power to confer degrees, and the aim appears to have been to provide lectures at the former. The then Dean of St. Patrick's, William Rodyard, was elected first Chancellor of the University, and in 1358, King Edward III issued letters patent conferring protection on the students. In 1364, a Divinity Lecture was endowed, and in 1496, the Diocesan Synod granted stipends for the lecturers of the university. The university ended with the dissolution of the cathedral organisation under King Henry VIII, though Archbishop George Browne attempted to revive it, and Archbishop Adam Loftus originally supported this also (before he became first Provost of Trinity College). Later, Dean Jonathan Swift appears to have believed the Chapter of St. Patrick's retained the power to confer degrees.^[3]

Archbishops of Dublin and Primates of Ireland

Archbishops of Dublin and Primates of Ireland, as approved by the Pope, 1152-1534

• 1152-1162 Gregory
• 1162-1180 St Laurence O'Toole
• 1181-1212 John Comyn or Cumin
• 1213-1228 Henry de Loundres (of London)
• 1230-1255 Luke

Due to the increasing association of the Archdiocese with the administration, and the significant secular roles of many office-holders, the Irish clans sought, and received, bishops of their own, designated as Bishops of Glendalough, despite the union of the Dioceses; at least six such appointments were made.

• 1256-1271 Fulk de Sandford

• 1279-1284 John de Derlington
• 1286-1294 John de Sandford, O.P.

Thomas de Chadworth was elected but not consecrated in 1295, and may also have served in 1299

• 1296-1298 William of Hotham, O.P.
• 1299-1306 Richard de Ferings

Richard de Haverings, elected Archbishop of Dublin in March 1307, was never consecrated and resigned in November 1310

• 1311-1313 John Leech or de Leche or Lech or Lecke
• 1317-1349 Adam or Alexander de Bicknor
• 1349-1362 John de St Paul
• 1363-1375 Thomas Minot
• 1375-1390 Robert Wikeford
• 1390-1395 Robert Waldeby, O.S.A.
• 1395-1397 Richard Northalis, Carmelite
• 1397-1417 Thomas Cranley
• 1417-1449 Richard Talbot
• 1449-1471 Michael Tregury
• 1472-1484 John Walton
• 1484-1511 Walter Fitzsimon
• 1512-1521 William Rokeby
• 1523-1528 Hugh Inge, O.P.
• 1528-1534 John Alen

Following the death of Alen, Henry VIII put pressure on the Chapters of Dublin's cathedrals, who elected (January 1536) an Archbishop of his choice, George Browne, disrupting the succession of valid Archbishops of Dublin. Although Browne was conscecrated by Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, at Lambeth, he was never recognised by the Pope. After a gap, the Catholc succession continued; in the meantime, the Church of Ireland succession began.

Catholic Archbishops of Dublin and Primates of Ireland, since 1555

• 1555-1567 Hugh Curwen (adhered to Catholicism under Queen Mary but then conformed to the State Church under Queen Elizabeth)
• 1585?-???? Donald (reference in the Papal Bull of Provision of Mateo de Oviedo O.F.M. as being the immediate predecessor as Archbishop but there is no further information known about him)
• 1600-1610 Mateo de Oviedo, O.F.M, resigned
• 1611-1623 Eugene Matthews
• 1623-1651 Thomas Flerning, O.F.M.

• 1669-1680 Peter Talbot

• 1683-1692 Patrick Russell
• 2 Sep 1692 - 20 Jul 1705 Peter Creagh
• 1707-1724 Edmund Byrne
• 1724-1729 Edward Murphy (archbishop)
• 1724-1729 Edward Murphy
• 1729-1733 Luke Fagan
• 1734-1757 John Linegar
• 1757-1763 Richard Lincoln
• 1763-1769 Patrick Fitzsimon
• 1770-1786 John Carpenter
• 1786-11 May 1823 John Thomas Troy
• 1823-1852 Daniel Murray
• 3 May 1852 - 24 Oct 1878 Paul Cardinal Cullen
• 4 Apr 1879 - 11 Feb 1885 Edward Cardinal MacCabe
• 3 Jul 1885 - 9 Apr 1921 William Joseph Walsh
• 28 Aug 1921 - 9 Feb 1940 Edward Joseph Byrne
• 6 Nov 1940 - 1971 John Charles McQuaid, CSSp.
• 29 Dec 1971 - 1 Sep 1984 Dermot J. Ryan
• 15 Nov 1984 - 8 Apr 1987 Kevin McNamara
• 21 Jan 1988 - 26 Apr 2004 Desmond Cardinal Connell
• 26 Apr 2004 - Diarmuid Martin

Paul Cullen (1803-1878) was a cardinal, and the Catholic primate of Ireland. ... Edward Cardinal MacCabe (14 Feb 1816 - 11 Feb 1885) was the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin from 1879 until his death. ... William Joseph Walsh (30 January 1841 - April 1921) served as the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin from 1885 until his death in 1921. ... Edward Joseph Byrne (10 June 1872- 9 Feb 1940) served as the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin from 1921 until his death in 1940. ... John Charles McQuaid (July 28, 1895-April 7, 1973) was a Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin and Primate of Ireland between December 1940 and 1971. ... Dermot J. Ryan (26 June 1924 - 21 Feb 1985) was the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin from 1971 until 1984. ... Kevin McNamara (born 5 September 1934) is a British Labour Party politician. ... Dr. Desmond Cardinal Connell (born 24 March 1926) is a cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church. ... Diarmuid Martin D.D. (pronunced deer-mid) (born 8 April 1945) is the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin and Primate of Ireland. ...

Church of Ireland Archbishops of the United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough, and Primates of Ireland, since 1536

• 1536-1554 George Browne, dismissed by Queen Mary for having married
• 1555-1567 Hugh Curwen (adhered to Catholicism under Queen Mary but then conformed to the State Church under Queen Elizabeth)
• 1567-1605 Adam Loftus, first Provost of Trinity College Dublin
• 1605-1619 Thomas Jones
• 1619-1650 Lancelot Bulkeley
• 1661-1663 James Margetson
• 1663-1679 Michael Boyle
• 1679-1681 John Parker
• 1682-1693 Francis Marsh
• 1694-1703 Narcissus Marsh
• 1703-1729 William King
• 1730-1742 John Hoadly
• 1743-1765 Charles Cobbe
• 1765-1765 William Carmichael
• 1766-1771 Arthur Smyth
• 1772-1778 John Cradock
• 1779-1801 Robert Fowler
• 1801-1809 Charles Agar, Viscount Somerton
• 1809-1819 Euseby Cleaver
• 1820-1822 John George Beresford (Lord)
• 1822-1831 William Magee
• 1831-1863 Richard Whately

Diocese of Kildare united to Archdiocese of Dublin, 1846

• 1864-1884 Richard Chenevix Trench
• 1884-1897 William Conyngham, Baron Plunket
• 1897-1915 Joseph Ferguson Peacocke
• 1915-1919 John Henry Bernard
• 1919-1920 Charles Fredrick D’Arcy
• 1920-1939 John Allen Fitzgerald Gregg
• 1939-1956 Arthur William Barton
• 1956-1969 George Otto Simms
• 1969-1977 Alan Alexander Buchanan

Diocese of Kildare removed from Union with Dublin and placed in Union with Diocese of Meath, 1976

• 1977-1985 Henry Robert McAdoo
• 1985-1996 Donald Arthur Richard Caird
• 1996-2002 Walton Newcombe Frances Empey
• 2002- John Robert W. Neill

Cathedrals

Since the middle ages, the seat of the Archbishop of Dublin has been Christchurch Cathedral, Dublin, although for many centuries, it shared this status with St. Patrick's Cathedral. Christ Church Cathedral (The Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity) in Dublin is the elder of the citys two mediæval cathedrals, having been founded by St Laurence OToole. ... St. ...

Because Christ Church is owned by the Church of Ireland, the Catholic Archbishop maintains his seat at Saint Mary's Pro-Cathedral. St. ...

Status

Prior to the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland in 1871, the Church of Ireland Archbishop of Dublin was entitled to sit in the House of Lords as a Lord Spiritual, along with the other Archbishops in rotation. The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is also commonly referred to as the Lords. The Sovereign, the House of Commons (which is the lower house of Parliament and referred to as the Commons), and the Lords together comprise the Parliament. ... The Lords Spiritual of the United Kingdom, also called Spiritual Peers, consist of the 26 clergymen of the established Church of England who serve in the House of Lords along with the Lords Temporal. ...

The origins of both primacy titles dates to the rivalry between both archbishoprics as to seniority. While the Archbishop of Armagh's dominance is due to the fact that his See was founded by St. Patrick, the city of Armagh thus being the ecclesiastical capital of Ireland, Dublin is the political, cultural, social, economic and secular capital of Ireland and has been for many centuries, thus making the Archbishop of Dublin someone of considerable potential political influence with a high national profile. A see (from the Latin word sedem, meaning seat) is the throne (cathedra) of a bishop. ... Statue of Saint Patrick Saint Patrick (died March 17, 462, 492, or 493), is the patron saint of Ireland. ... This article should be transwikied to wiktionary Ecclesiastical means pertaining to the Church (especially Christianity) as an organized body of believers and clergy, with a stress on its juridical and institutional structure. ... Dublin city centre at night WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Statistics Province: Leinster County: Dáil Éireann: Dublin Central, Dublin North Central, Dublin North East, Dublin North West, Dublin South Central, Dublin South East European Parliament: Dublin Dialling Code: 01, +353 1 Postal District(s): D1-24, D6W Area: 114. ...

Within Catholicism, the rivalry was augmented since the 1870s by the awarding to one or other archbishops of a seat in the College of Cardinals by popes. (Due to Ireland's small size, two Irish reigning diocesan cardinals are unlikely to be created.)^[4] The apparent dominance of Dublin over Armagh was shown in the 1850s when the then Archbishop of Armagh, Paul Cullen was transferred from Armagh to the nominally inferior See of Dublin, he in Dublin becoming the most high profile Catholic bishop. Cullen as Archbishop of Dublin played a central role in the proclamation of Papal Infallibility in the First Vatican Council and was some years later made Ireland's first cardinal ahead of the nominally superior Archbishop of Armagh. Cullen's successor in Dublin, Archbishop Edward MacCabe was also made a cardinal. After that however, the red hat (ie, being made a cardinal) was invariably awarded to the Catholic Archbishop of Armagh, until in a considerable surprise Pope John Paul II awarded the red hat not to the low-key pastoral Archbishop Sean Brady of Armagh, but to the higher profile more intellectual and openly conservative Archbishop Desmond Connell in Dublin. That Dublin, not Armagh will continue to be treated as de facto the premier See was shown in 2003 in the selection of Diarmuid Martin, a noted Vatican diplomat tipped in his own right to receive a red hat, to be Connell's replacement in Dublin. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      As a Christian ecclesiastical... // The invention of the telephone (1876) by Alexander Graham Bell. ... The Sacred College of Cardinals is the body of all Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church established by Pope St. ... // Production of steel revolutionized by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman fractionates petroleum by distillation for the first time First transatlantic telegraph cable laid First safety elevator installed by Elisha Otis Railroads begin to supplant canals in the United States as a primary means of transporting goods. ... Paul Cullen (1803-1878) was a cardinal, and the Catholic primate of Ireland. ... In Catholic theology, papal infallibility is the dogma that, by action of the Holy Spirit, the Pope is preserved from even the possibility of error[1] when he solemnly declares or promulgates to the Church a dogmatic teaching on faith or morals as being contained in divine revelation, or at... The First Vatican Council was summoned by Pope Pius IX by the bull Aeterni Patris of June 29, 1868. ... Edward Cardinal MacCabe (14 Feb 1816 - 11 Feb 1885) was the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin from 1879 until his death. ... Coat of Arms of Pope John Paul II. The Letter M is for Mary, the mother of Jesus, to whom he held strong devotion Pope John Paul II (Latin: , Italian: Giovanni Paolo II, Polish: Jan PaweÅ‚ II) born   [] (May 18, 1920, Wadowice, Poland – April 2, 2005, Vatican City) reigned as... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 2003 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Diarmuid Martin D.D. (pronunced deer-mid) (born 8 April 1945) is the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin and Primate of Ireland. ...

The partition of Ireland in 1920 in effect gave the Primate of Ireland and Primate of All Ireland differing roles, given that each is based in a different part of the divided island, the former in the south, the latter in Northern Ireland. As a result the Primate of Ireland has effectively become the head of the Church in the Republic of Ireland, while the Primate of All Ireland is the head of the Church on the island of Ireland. 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Northern Ireland is a part of the United Kingdom lying in the northeast of the island of Ireland, covering 5,459 square miles (14,139 km², about a sixth of the islands total area). ...

Primates Today

The current Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin is Diarmuid Martin. The current Church of Ireland Archbishop of Dublin is John Neill. Diarmuid Martin D.D. (pronunced deer-mid) (born 8 April 1945) is the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin and Primate of Ireland. ... The Most Reverend John Robert Winder Neill (born December 17, 1945) is Church of Ireland Archbishop of Dublin and Bishop of Glendalough and Primate of Ireland. ...

Notes and references

The Church of England logo since 1998 The Church of England is the officially established Christian church[1] in England, and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion, as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion. ... The Protestant Reformation was a movement which began in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church, but ended in division and the establishment of new institutions, most importantly Lutheranism, Reformed churches, and Anabaptists. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto)1 Unified  -  by Athelstan 927 AD  Area  -  Total... Catholic Patriarchal (non cardinal) coat of arms Primate (from the Latin Primus, first) is a title or rank bestowed on some bishops in certain Christian churches. ... The Archbishop of Canterbury is the spiritual leader and senior clergyman of the Church of England, recognized by convention as the head of the worldwide Anglican Communion. ... Arms of the Archbishop of York The Archbishop of York, Primate of England, is the metropolitan bishop of the Province of York, and is the junior of the two archbishops of the Church of England, after the Archbishop of Canterbury. ... This article cites very few or no references or sources. ... Dr. Desmond Cardinal Connell (born 24 March 1926) is a cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... His Excellency The Most Rev. ...

Sources

• New York, 1909: The Catholic Encyclopedia; Robert Appleton Company

External links

• Archdiocese of Dublin by Giga-Catholic Information
• Church of Ireland Archbishop of Dublin