Primate (from the Latin Primus, "first") is a title or rank bestowed on some bishops in certain Christian churches. Depending on the particular tradition, it can denote either jurisdictional authority (title of authority) or ceremonial precedence (title of honour). Latin was the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      This article... Topics in Christianity Preaching Prayer Ecumenism Relation to other religions Movements Music Liturgy Calendar Symbols Art Criticism Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... Title of authority, title of office or title of command is the the official designation of a position held in an organization (e. ... Honorary title or title of honor is a title bestowed upon individuals or organizations as an award in recognition of their merits. ...

Roman Catholic Church

Catholic Patriarchal (non cardinal) coat of arms

In the Western Church, a Primate is an archbishop—or rarely a suffragan or exempt bishop—of a specific episcopal see (called a primas) which confers precedence over the bishops of one or more neighboring ecclesiastical provinces, such as a 'national' church in historical, political, and cultural terms. Historically, primates were granted privileges including the authority to call and preside at national synods, the jurisdiction to hear appeals from metropolitan tribunals, the right to crown the sovereign of the nation, and presiding at the investiture (installation) of bishops in their sees. Download high resolution version (1050x961, 222 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1050x961, 222 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... For other uses, see Cardinal (disambiguation). ... The Latin Rite is one of the 23 sui iuris particular Churches within the Catholic Church. ... In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated bishop. ... A bishop is an ordained person who holds a specific position of authority in any of a number of Christian churches. ... In the Roman Catholic Church, Exemption is the whole or partial release of an ecclesiastical person, corporation, or institution from the authority of the ecclesiastical superior next higher in rank. ... This article is about the role of bishops in the Roman Catholic Church. ... A see (from the Latin word sedem, meaning seat) is the throne (cathedra) of a bishop. ... An ecclesiastical province is a unit of religious government existing in certain Christian churches. ... A synod (also known as a council) is a council of a church, usually a Christian church, convened to decide an issue of doctrine, administration or application. ... In hierarchical Christian churches, the rank of metropolitan bishop, or simply metropolitan, pertains to the diocesan bishop or archbishop (then more precisely called Metropolitan archbishop) of a metropolis; that is, the chief city of an old Roman province, ecclesiastical province, or regional capital. ... Investiture, from the Latin (preposition in and verb vestire, dress from vestis robe) is a rather general term for the formal installation of an incumbent (heir, elect of nominee) in public office, especially by taking possession of its insignia. ...

The office is generally found in the older Catholic countries, and is now purely honorific, enjoying no single real right under canon law. The title, if it exists, may be vested in one of the oldest archdioceses in a country. The see city may no longer have the prominence it had when the diocese was created, or its circumscription may no longer exist as a state, nation or country — for example, the Archbishop of Toledo originated as the "Primate of the Visigothic Kingdom", while the Archbishop of Lyon is the "Primate of the Gauls". Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      Canon law is the term used for... A see (from the Latin word sedem, meaning seat) is the throne (cathedra) of a bishop. ... Pope Pius XI blesses Bishop Stephen Alencastre as fifth Apostolic Vicar of the Hawaiian Islands in a Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace window. ... The Visigothic Kingdom was an European power in the 5e en de 7e censury, created yn Gaul by the German people of the Visigoths when the Romains lost their control of their empire. ... The archbishop of Lyon is the head of the Roman Catholic diocese of the French city of Lyon. ... Gaul (Latin: ) was the name given, in ancient times, to the region of Western Europe comprising present-day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine river. ...

Some of the leadership functions once exercised by primates, specifically presiding at meetings of the bishops of a nation or region, are now vested in the president of the national conference of bishops. With the exception of the President of the Conferenza Episcopale Italiana, these presidents are elected by the other bishops of the conference for a fixed term in office. Other functions of primates, such as hearing appeals from metropolitan tribunals, are now reserved to the Holy See. In the Roman Catholic Church, an Episcopal Conference, Conference of Bishops, or National Conference of Bishops is a conference consisting of all the bishops within a given territory. ... The Italian Episcopal Conference is the episcopal conference of the Italian bishops of the Roman Catholic Church and as such is the is the official assembly of all the bishops in Italy. ...

The equivalent position in the Eastern Catholic Churches is an exarch. In the order of precedence of the Catholic Church, primates and exarchs rank immediately below major archbishops, and precede metropolitan archbishops. Primates who have been made cardinals follow the precedence established for cardinals, unlike the higher ranks enjoying no precedence, not even the right to join a high order of the sacred college. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Relation to other religions Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Athanasius · Augustine · Constantine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas Calvin · Luther · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      The... In the Byzantine Empire, an exarch was an essentially military viceroy who governed a part of the empire at some remove from the central (oriental) authorities, the Emperor and the Patriarch of Constantinople. ... An order of precedence is a sequential hierarchy of nominal importance of people; it is used by many organizations and governments. ... In the Roman Catholic Church, a major archbishop is an Eastern Rite hierarch who has the same jurisdiction in his sui juris particular church that an Eastern rite patriarch does, but whose episcopal see is less prestigious than a patriarchal see. ... In hierarchical Christian churches, the rank of metropolitan bishop, whose incumbent is usually called simply a metropolitan, apertains to the bishop of a metropolis; that is, the chief city of an old Roman province, ecclesiastical province, or regional capital. ... For other uses, see Cardinal (disambiguation). ...

At the First Vatican Council (Coll. Lacens., VII, pp. 34, 488, 726) the only (arch)bishops figuring as primates, in virtue of then recent concessions, were these (by country) : The First Vatican Council was summoned by Pope Pius IX by the bull Aeterni Patris of June 29, 1868. ...

• Hungary — Archbishop of Esztergom-Budapest, styled Prince-primate of Gran (now Esztergom) (uniquely, a legal status under imperial Habsburg rule)
• Germany — Archbishop of Mainz (before 1801)
• the Archbishop of Bar (Montenegro) holds the title of the Primate of Serbia
• the Archbishop of Salerno, in the historical Neapolitan kingdom as "Primate of Servia"
• Belgium — Archbishop of Mechelen-Brussel (previously Mechelen, primate of all the Netherlands = Low Countries)
• Brazil — Archbishop of Sao Salvador da Bahia
• Ireland — Archbishop of Armagh, known as "Primate of All Ireland"; not to be confused with the Archbishop of Dublin's concurrent title "Primate of Ireland", both titles predating the political division of Ireland and therefore related to the whole island.
• Poland — traditionally Archbishop of Gniezno (Gnesna in Latin), an exception for the incumbent Senior Archbishop of Warsaw who headed both archdioceses until 1992
• in Spain — Tarragona (under the Aragonese crown, now in Catalonia; for its Castilian rival Toledo, see below).

A selection of primatial pretences in other countries (here grouped by modern states, but sometimes the claimed 'primas' had a smaller or overlapping territory) and their Roman Catholic primates (some historical claims are dormant or have been void for centuries; new titles can only be awarded by the Holy See): This Hungarian archdiocese is rare (not unique, compare Belgiums primas Mechelen-Brussels) in the sense that it represents two Hungarian cities, Esztergom and the national capital Budapest. ... Prince-Primate (Fürstprimas in German, hercegprímás in Hungarian) is a rare princely title held by individual (prince-)archbishops of specific sees in a presiding capacity in an august assembly of mainly secular princes, notably the following: The diocesan bishops of the Bavarian Reichsstadt Regensburg (Free Imperial City... Basilica in Esztergom. ... Between 780/82 AD and 1802 AD the Archbishop of Mainz, was an influential ecclesiastic and secular prince of the middle ages. ... The Kingdom of Naples was an informal name of the polity officially known as the Kingdom of Sicily which existed on the mainland of southern Italy after of the secession of the island of Sicily from the old Kingdom of Sicily after the Sicilian Vespers rebellion of 1282. ... Servia or Servian may refer to : Historical English term used in relation with Serbia, Serbs or the Serbian language Servia, Greece Servia, Indiana, in Indiana, United States Servia, Washington, in Adams County, Washington, United States Servia, West Virginia in Braxton County, West Virginia, United States Servian, Hérault, a commune... For information about the confusion between the Low Countries and the Netherlands, see Netherlands (terminology). ... The Roman Catholic Archbishop of Armagh is a senior Irish cleric of the Roman Catholic Church. ... Primate of All Ireland is the title held by the Archbishop of Armagh. ... Primate of Ireland is a title possessed by the Catholic and Church of Ireland (Anglican) Archbishops of Dublin. ... Archbishops of Gniezno and simultaneously Primates of Poland since 1412. ... For other uses, see Warsaw (disambiguation) and Warszawa (disambiguation). ... For the municipality in the Philippines, see Tarragona, Davao Oriental. ...

• Argentina — Archbishop of Córdoba, Argentina (being the oldest see in the country- though Buenos Aires, the far larger capital, was the first archdiocese);
• Australia — Archbishop of Sydney, who is effectively primate by precedence due to his usually being a cardinal.
• Canada — Archbishop of Quebec
• Colombia — Archbishop of Bogotá
• Cuba — Archbishop of Santiago de Cuba
• Ecuador — Archbishop of Quito (over three more provinces)
• France — Archbishop of Lyon ("Primate of the Gauls"); also Archbishop of Reims, Archbishop of Bourges, Archbishop of Vienne (once titled Primate of Primates), Archbishop of Narbonne, Archbishop of Bordeaux, Archbishop of Rouen
• Germany — the Elector-Archbishop of Mainz (Mayence; before 1801); also Trier (old imperial capital of a Tetrach) and Magdeburg (for the eastern colonisation); since 1648 the Archbishop of Salzburg
• Italy — Bishop of Rome (the Pope)
• Kenya — Archbishop of Nairobi (over three more provinces)
• Mexico — Archbishop of Mexico, the main and oldest diocese of the country.
• Netherlands — Archbishop of Utrecht (sole Metropolitan; formerly Prince-bishop while still suffragan)
• Nicaragua — Archbishop of Managua (sole Metropolitan)
• Philippines — Archbishop of Manila
• across the Pyrenees, the French archbishoprics of Auch (western) and Narbonne (eastern) claimed, in 714-1019, primacy over the northern parts of Spain, ultimately relinquished to Tarragona (in Catalonia)
• in England, Canterbury and the old imperial Tetrarch's capital, York; both remained primatial within Anglicanism, there solidly institutionalized as the country's only provinces, though not considered "valid" primates "in ministry" by the Holy See^[1]
• Portugal — the Archbishop of Braga, claiming primacy over the Spanish Roman province of Galicia to its north, where the pilgrimage mecca of Santiago de Compostela itself later claimed to be a primas - his Portuguese precedence was lost when the national capital was raised to the higher rank of Patriarch of Lisbon
• Scandinavia — Lund, now in southern Sweden (lost even its Metropolitan dignity, but still exists as a simple diocese) was primas of a larger Denmark, above the other, slightly younger Swedish Archbishopric, Uppsala (famous for its university), also extending into Finland and even Reval (Teutonic Order, but not under Riga; now in Estonia)- all these countries turned predominantly Protestant
• Tunisia's Carthage was 'restored' a primacy (though originally it held the position without the title in Roman times) in 1893, under French colonial protectorate
• primate of all Spain by papal bull of 1088 — the Archbishop of Toledo (originally of the Visigothic kingdom), under the Castilian crown
• Zimbabwe — Archbishop of Harare (over one other province: Bulawayo)

When England and Wales was split into three ecclesiastical provinces in 1911, the pre-existent Archbishop of Westminster was given certain privileges of pre-eminence constituting him 'chief metropolitan', but without the title of primate. Similarly the Archbishop of Seoul is often considered to be the primate of Korea, but such title has never been granted by the Vatican. Such 'analogous' use of the title is confusing and technically incorrect. Córdoba is a city located near the geographical center of Argentina, in the foothills of the Sierras Chicas mountains on the Suquía River, about 700 km west-northwest from Buenos Aires. ... For other uses, see Buenos Aires (disambiguation). ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... The Diocese of Quebec is the oldest Catholic see in the New World north of Mexico. ... The archbishop of Lyon is the head of the Roman Catholic diocese of the French city of Lyon. ... The Archdiocese of Reims was founded (as a diocese) around 250 by St. ... The Archdiocese of Bourges is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in France. ... Vienne is a commune of France, located 30 km south of Lyon, on the Rhône River. ... The former Catholic diocese of Narbonne existed from the times of Gaul to the French Revolution. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Archbishop of Rouen is Primate of Normandy and one of the fifteen Archbishops of France. ... The prince-electors or electoral princes of the Holy Roman Empire — German: Kurfürst (  - singular), Kurfürsten (plural) — were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Holy Roman Emperors. ... Between 780/82 AD and 1802 AD the Archbishop of Mainz, was an influential ecclesiastic and secular prince of the middle ages. ... Trier (French: ; Luxembourgish Tréier) is a city in Germany on the banks of the Moselle River. ... Tetrarch is a Greek term for a holder of Imperial office under a Tetrarchy (form of government with four con-collegial heads; especially the Roman Empire since Emperor Diocletians 293AD reform). ... This article is about the German city. ... The Archbishopric of Salzburg was an ecclesiastical state of the Holy Roman Empire, consisting of roughly of the present_day state of Salzburg in Austria. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Pope. ... For other uses, see Pope (disambiguation). ... The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of México (erected 2 September 1530, as the Diocese of México) is a metropolitan diocese, responsible for the suffragan Dioceses of Atlacomulco, Cuernavaca and Toluca. ... The Diocese of Utrecht was established in 695 when Saint Willibrord was consecrated bishop of the Frisians at Rome by Pope Sergius I, and with the consent of the Frankish ruler, Pippin of Herstal, settled at the market-town of Utrecht. ... The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines. ... Auch is a town and commune in southwestern France. ... Narbonne (Narbona in Catalan and in Occitan, commonly Narbo especially when referring to the Ancient Rome era) is a town and commune of southwestern France in the Languedoc-Roussillon région. ... For the municipality in the Philippines, see Tarragona, Davao Oriental. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Canterbury is a cathedral city in east Kent in South East England and is the seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Primate of All England, head of the Church of England and of the worldwide Anglican Communion. ... For other uses, see York (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Braga (disambiguation). ... Location Location of Santiago de Compostela Coordinates : , , Time zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer : CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Santiago de Compostela (Galician) Spanish name Santiago de Compostela Postal code 15700 Website santiagodecompostela. ... The Patriarch of Lisbon is one of the few western Patriarchs in the Roman Catholic Church, an honorary title without actual authority except for the Patriarch of Rome, as Pope. ...   IPA: is a city in SkÃ¥ne in southern Sweden. ... Uppsala (older spelling Upsala) is a city in central Sweden, located about 70 km north of Stockholm. ... The city of Tallinn is the capital city and main seaport of Estonia. ... Teutonic Knights, charging into battle. ... For other uses, see Carthage (disambiguation). ... This article is about states protected and/or dominated by a foreign power. ... Papal bull of Pope Urban VIII, 1637, sealed with a leaden bulla. ... For other uses, see Toledo (disambiguation). ... The Visigoths, originally Tervingi, or Vesi (the noble ones), one of the two main branches of the Goths (of which the Ostrogothi were the other), were one of the loosely-termed Germanic peoples that disturbed the late Roman Empire. ... The Archbishop of Harare heads the Roman Catholic Metropolitan See for Zimbabwe. ... The City of Bulawayo is highlighted in this map of Zimbabwe. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... This article is about the country. ... The standard of the Archbishop of Westminster The Archbishop of Westminster heads the Catholic Archdiocese of Westminster, England. ... The Archbishop of Seoul is the head of the Catholic Archdiocese of Seoul, the Metropolitan see of Korea covering the countrys capital, Seoul. ... This article is about the Korean civilization. ...

"Honorary" titles

The following are often called by the title "Primate" of the area indicated, for historical, or other reasons. However, the titles do not have official ecclesiastical standing:

• In the United States, where an official primacy was never awarded, the Archbishop of Baltimore is sometimes called "honorary primate" -- since Baltimore was the first diocese in the nation, its bishop is granted ceremonial precedence before all the bishops (except those nominally created cardinals) of all other sees in the United States.
• Archbishop of Prague - Primate of Bohemia.^[2]

As of 2005, the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore covers the City of Baltimore as well as Allegany, Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Frederick, Garrett, Harford, Howard, and Washington counties, Maryland. ... Baltimore redirects here. ... For other uses, see Cardinal (disambiguation). ... The following is a list of bishops and archbishops of Prague: Bishops of Prague 1. ... For other uses, see Bohemia (disambiguation). ...

Orthodox Christianity

Bartholomew I, Archbishop of Constantinople and Ecumenical Patriarch.

In the Orthodox churches, Primate is often used in the general sense of the head of an autocephalous or autonomous church, but not as a specific title. Thus, the Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia, the Archbishop of Mtskheta and Tbilisi, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia, the Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and all Africa, the Archbishop of Athens, the Archbishop of Washington and New York, Metropolitan of All America and Canada, and the Archbishop of Karelia and All Finland are all primates of their respective churches, regardless of their individual titles. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2000x3008, 3154 KB)Free use by mentioning the source: http://www. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2000x3008, 3154 KB)Free use by mentioning the source: http://www. ... Patriarch Bartholomew I (born Demetrios Archontonis on February 29, 1940) has been the Patriarch of Constantinople, and thus first among equals in the Eastern Orthodox Communion, since November 2, 1991. ... Eastern Orthodoxy (also called Greek Orthodoxy and Russian Orthodoxy) is a Christian tradition which represents the majority of Eastern Christianity. ... In hierarchical Christian churches, especially Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches, autocephaly is the status of a hierarchical church whose head bishop does not report to any higher-ranking bishop. ... The Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (Russian: ), also known as the Orthodox Christian Church of Russia, is a body of Christians who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with the other patriarchs and primates of the Eastern Orthodox Church. ... The Georgian Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church (Saqartvelos Samotsiqulo Avtokepaluri Martlmadidebeli Eklesia in Georgian language) is one of the worlds most ancient Christian Churches, founded in the 1st century by the Apostle Andrew. ... The Orthodox Church of Alexandria is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches. ... The Church of Greece (Greek: Ekklēsía tês Helládos, IPA: /eklisia tis elaðos/) is one of the fifteen autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches which make up the Eastern Orthodox Communion. ... The Orthodox Church in America (OCA) is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church in North America. ... The Finnish Orthodox Church is the national jurisdiction of the Eastern Orthodox Church in Finland. ...

Anglican Communion

See also: List of current Anglican Primates

An Anglican primate is the chief bishop or archbishop of one of the thirty-eight churches (also known as provinces) of the Anglican Communion [1]. Some of these provinces are stand-alone ecclesiastical provinces (such as the Church of the Province of West Africa), while others are national churches comprising several ecclesiastical provinces (such as the Church of England). Since 1978, the Anglican primates have met annually for an Anglican Communion Primates' Meeting at the invitation of the Archbishop of Canterbury, who is regarded as the chief (though primus-inter-pares) of the Anglican primates. While the gathering has no legal jurisdiction, it acts as one of the informal instruments of unity among the autonomous provinces of the Communion. Main article: Anglicanism The Anglican Communion is a world-wide affiliation of Anglican Churches. ... An ecclesiastical province is a unit of religious government existing in certain Christian churches. ... The Church of the Province of West Africa is a province of the Anglican Communion, covering a number of sees in West Africa. ... The Church of England is the officially established Christian church[3] in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the oldest among the communions thirty-eight independent national churches. ... The Anglican Communion Primates Meetings are regular meetings of the senior archbishops and bishops of the Anglican Communion. ... The Archbishop of Canterbury is the spiritual leader and senior clergyman of the Church of England, recognized by convention as the head of the worldwide Anglican Communion. ...

In stand-alone ecclesiastical provinces, the Primate is the metropolitan archbishop of the province. In national churches composed of several ecclesiastical provinces, the Primate will be senior to the metropolitan archbishops of the various provinces, and may also be a metropolitan archbishop. In those churches which do not have a tradition of archiepiscopacy, the Primate is a bishop styled "Primus" (in the case of the Scottish Episcopal Church, "Presiding Bishop", "President-Bishop", "Prime Bishop" or simply "Primate". In the case of the Episcopal Church in the United States, which is composed of several ecclesiastical provinces, there is a Presiding Bishop who is its Primate, but the individual provinces are not led by metropolitans. In hierarchical Christian churches, the rank of metropolitan bishop, or simply metropolitan, pertains to the diocesan bishop or archbishop (then more precisely called metropolitan archbishop) of a metropolis; that is, the chief city of an old Roman province, ecclesiastical province, or regional capital. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      This article... Logo of the Scottish Episcopal Church with the motto: Evangelical truth and Apostolic order. ... The Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul in the nations capital is the national cathedral of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. ...

The Moderators of the United Churches of North and South India, which are united with other originally non-Anglican churches, and which are part of the Anglican Communion, while not primates, participate in the Primates' Meetings. The United Church can refer to a number of churches. ...

Anglican primates may be attached to a fixed See (e.g., the Archbishop of Canterbury is invariably the Primate of All England), he or she may be chosen from among sitting metropolitans or diocesan bishops and retain their See (as with, for example, the Primate of the Anglican Church of Australia), or he or she may have no See (as in the Anglican Church of Canada). Primates are generally chosen by election (either by a Synod consisting of laity, clergy and bishops, or by a House of Bishops). In some instances, the primacy is awarded on the basis of seniority among the episcopal college. In the Church of England, the Primate, like all bishops, is appointed by the British Sovereign, in his or her capacity as Supreme Governor of the established church, on the advice of the Crown Appointments Commission. A see (from the Latin word sedem, meaning seat) is the throne (cathedra) of a bishop. ... The Archbishop of Canterbury is the spiritual leader and senior clergyman of the Church of England, recognized by convention as the head of the worldwide Anglican Communion. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      This article... Arms of the Anglican Church of Australia The Anglican Church of Australia, a member church of the Anglican Communion, was previously officially known as the Church of England in Australia and Tasmania (renamed in 1981). ... Anglican Church of Canada The Anglican Church of Canada (the ACC) is the Canadian branch of the Anglican Communion. ... A synod (also known as a council) is a council of a church, usually a Christian church, convened to decide an issue of doctrine, administration or application. ... The House of Bishops is the third House in a General Synod of some Anglican churches and the second house in the General Convention of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. ... The Sovereign of the United Kingdom is Supreme Governor of the Church of England. ... In English history, the Established Church is the Church of England, the church which is established by the Government, supported by it, and of which the monarch is the titular head; until 1920 it also held the same position in Wales. ... The appointment of Church of England diocesan bishops follows a somewhat convoluted process, reflecting the churchs traditional tendency towards compromise and ad hoc solutions, traditional ambiguity between hierarchy and democracy, and traditional role as a semi-autonomous state church. ...

It should be noted that in the Church of England and in the Church of Ireland, the metropolitan of the second province has since medieval times also been accorded the title of Primate. In England, the Archbishop of Canterbury is known as the "Primate of All England" while the Archbishop of York is "Primate of England" (see also Primacy of Canterbury). In Ireland both the Anglican and Catholic Archbishops of Armagh are titled "Primate of All Ireland"; while both the Anglican and Catholic Archbishops of Dublin are titled "Primate of Ireland". As both of these positions pre-date the 1921 partition, they relate to the whole island of Ireland. The junior primates of these churches do not normally participate in the Primates' Meeting. The Church of Ireland (Irish: ) is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion, operating seamlessly across the border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Arms of the Archbishop of York The Archbishop of York, Primate of England, is the metropolitan bishop of the Province of York, and is the junior of the two archbishops of the Church of England, after the Archbishop of Canterbury. ... // Within the Church of England, the primacy of Canterbury or primacy of England is the supremacy of the Archbishop of Canterbury (as Primate of All England) over the Archbishop of York. ... The Church of Ireland Archbishop of Armagh is the senior cleric of the Church of Ireland, the oldest and most wide-spread non-roman episcopal denomination in the island of Ireland. ... The Roman Catholic Archbishop of Armagh is a senior Irish cleric of the Roman Catholic Church. ... Primate of All Ireland is the title held by the Archbishop of Armagh. ... Primate of Ireland is a title possessed by the Catholic and Church of Ireland (Anglican) Archbishops of Dublin. ... Primate of Ireland is a title possessed by the Catholic and Church of Ireland (Anglican) Archbishops of Dublin. ... The Partition of Ireland took place in May 1921, following the enactment in December 1920 of the Government of Ireland Act 1920, and was accepted in the ratification of the Anglo-Irish Treaty in January 1922 that ended the Anglo-Irish War and the union of the United Kingdom of...

Regular clergy equivalent

In the modern confederation of the Benedictine Order, all the Black Monks of St. Benedict were united under the presidency of an Abbot Primate (Leo XIII, Summum semper, 12 July 1893); but the unification, fraternal in its nature, brought no modification to the abbatial dignity, and the various congregations preserved their autonomy intact. The loose structure of the Benedictine Confederation is claimed to have made Pope Leo XIII exclaim that the Benedictines were ordo sine ordine ("an order without order"). The powers of the Abbot Primate are specified, and his position defined, in a decree of the Sacred Congregation of Bishops and Regulars dated 16 September 1893. The primacy is attached to the Abbey and International Benedictine College of St. Anselm in Rome and the Primate, who takes precedence of all other abbots, is empowered to pronounce on all doubtful matters of discipline, to settle difficulties arising between monasteries, to hold a canonical visitation, if necessary, in any congregation of the order, and to exercise a general supervision for the regular observance of monastic discipline. The Primatial powers are only vested in the Abbot Primate to act by virtue of the proper law of its autonomous Benedictine congregation, which at the present is minimal to none. However, certain branches of the Benedictine Order seem to have lost their original autonomy to some extent. The longest lasting of the western Catholic monastic orders, the Benedictine Order traces its origins to the adoption of the monastic life by St. ... Pope Leo XIII (March 2, 1810—July 20, 1903), born Count Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci, was the 256th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, reigning from 1878 to 1903, succeeding Pope Pius IX. Reigning until the age of 93, he was the oldest pope, and had the third longest... A congregation is a type of dicastery of the Roman Curia, the central administrative organism of the Catholic Church. ...

In a similar way the Confederation of Canons Regular of St. Augustine, elects an Abbot Primate as figurehead of the Confederation and indeed the whole Canonical Order. The Abbots and Superiors General of the nine congregations of confederated congregations of Canons Regular elect a new Abbot Primate for a term of office lasting six years. The Current Abbot General is Rt. Rev. Fr Maurice Bitz, Abbot of St. Pierre, and Abbot General of the Canons Regular of St. Victor. Detail of St. ... Canons regular are members to certain bodies of Canons (priests) living under a rule. ...

Notes

1. ^ Paul Handley "Churches Goal is Unity not Iniformity, Church Times (May, 2003), 1. (Dr. Kasper spoke of a "re-evaluation" of Apostolicae Curae, the bull of Leo XIII which declared that Anglican orders were null and void.")
2. ^ Prague Archdiocese. The Archbishop of Prague. Retrieved on 2006-12-06.

Pope Leo XIII Supreme Pontiff (1878-1903) Leo XIII, né Gioacchino Pecci (March 2, 1810 - July 20, 1903) was Pope from 1878 to 1903. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 340th day of the year (341st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Sources and references

• Catholic Encyclopaedia (also other articles)
• Catholic Hierarchy
• GCatholic.com
• Westermann Großer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte (in German)