Heinrich with his wife, Irene | German Royalty
House of Hohenzollern | | | Prince Albert Wilhelm Heinrich of Prussia, known as Prince Heinrich (August 14, 1862 in Berlin – April 20, 1929 in Hemmelmark, Schleswig-Holstein) was a younger brother of Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany. A career naval officer, he held various commands in the Imperial German Navy and eventually rose to the rank of Grand Admiral. The prince is not to be confused with the Prince Heinrich of Prussia who was the brother of King Friedrich II ("the Great"). Image File history File links Albert_&_Irene. ...
Image File history File links Albert_&_Irene. ...
The House of Hohenzollern is a German dynasty of electors, kings, and emperors of Prussia, Germany, and Romania. ...
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Wilhelm I of Germany (March 22, 1797 – March 9, 1888), German Emperor (Kaiser), ruled January 18, 1871 – 9 March 1888 and King of Prussia, ruled 2 January 1861 – 9 March 1888. ...
Friedrich III of Germany. ...
Princess Louise of Prussia (December 3, 1838–April 23, 1923) was the second child and only daughter of Wilhelm I of Germany and Augusta of Saxe-Weimar. ...
Friedrich III of Germany. ...
German Emperor Wilhelm (born Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albrecht, Prince of Prussia 27 January 1859–4 June 1941), was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia (de: Deutscher Kaiser und König von Preußen), ruling from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918. ...
Victoria Elizabeth Augusta Charlotte, Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen (24 July 1860-1 October 1919) was the second child born to Crown Prince Friedrich of Prussia and Princess Victoria. ...
Prince Albert Wilhelm Heinrich of Prussia, known as Prince Heinrich (August 14, 1862 in Berlin – April 20, 1929 in Hemmelmark, Schleswig-Holstein) was a younger brother of Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany. ...
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German Emperor Wilhelm (born Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albrecht, Prince of Prussia 27 January 1859–4 June 1941), was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia (de: Deutscher Kaiser und König von Preußen), ruling from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918. ...
Crown Prince Wilhelm of Germany and Prussia (6 May 1882 - 20 July 1916), Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor August Ernst Kronprinz von Preussen, was born 6 May 1882 at Marmorpalais, Potsdam, Germany. ...
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German Emperor Wilhelm (born Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albrecht, Prince of Prussia 27 January 1859–4 June 1941), was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia (de: Deutscher Kaiser und König von Preußen), ruling from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918. ...
The Kaiserliche Marine or Imperial Navy was the German Navy created by Kaiser Wilhelm II between 1871 and 1919; it grew out of the Prussian Navy. ...
German Grand Admiral Sleeve Insignia Grand Admiral Shoulder Insignia In the German Navy the rank of Grand Admiral (Großadmiral) was considered the highest Naval rank. ...
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Family
Prince Heinrich of Prussia was the third of eight children born to Crown Prince Friedrich III (later Emperor Friedrich III), and Victoria, Princess Royal of Great Britain, a daughter of the British Queen Victoria. Heinrich was three years younger than his older brother, the future Emperor Wilhelm II (born January 27, 1859). Friedrich III of Germany. ...
Princess Victoria Adelaide Mary Louise (21 November 1840 – 5 August 1901) was the eldest daughter of Queen Victoria and her consort Albert. ...
Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was the eminent Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and Empress of India from 1 January 1877, until her death in 1901. ...
On May 24, 1888, Heinrich married Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine. The marriage produced three children:
- Waldemar of Prussia (March 20, 1889 - May 2, 1945)
- Sigismund of Prussia (November 27, 1896 - November 14, 1978)
- Heinrich Viktor Ludwig Friedrich of Prussia (January 9, 1900 - February 26, 1904)
Naval career After attending the gymnasium in Kassel, which he left in the middle grades in 1877, the 15-year-old Heinrich entered the Imperial Navy and was trained as an officer. His naval education included a two-year voyage around the world (1878 to 1880), the naval officer examination [Seeoffizierhauptprüfung] on October 1, 1880, and later (1884 to 1886) attendance at the German naval academy. Students were supposed to graduate during the winter months, following the period of actual duty. A gymnasium is a type of school of secondary education in parts of Europe. ...
Early commands As an imperial prince, Heinrich quickly achieved command. In 1887, he commanded a torpedo boat (in 1887) and simultaneously the First Torpedo Boat Division; in 1888 the imperial yacht Hohenzollern; from 1889-1890 the second-class cruiser Irene, the armored coastal defense ship Beowulf, and the capital ship Sachsen und Wörth.
Squadron commands From 1897 Prince Heinrich commanded several naval task forces; these included, at first, an improvised squadron that took part with the East Asia Squadron in suppressing the unrest in the Chinese region of Kiautschou and then took the port of Tsingtao into the possession of the German Empire (1897). The prince’s success was more of the diplomatic than the military variety. Thus he became the first European potentate ever to be received at the Chinese imperial court. In 1899 he became officially the commander of the East Asia Squadron, later of a capital-ship squadron and in 1903 commander of the Baltic Sea naval station. From 1906 to 1909, Heinrich was commander of the High Seas Fleet. In 1909, he was promoted to Grand Admiral. Qingdao (help· info) (Simplified Chinese: é’å²›; Traditional Chinese: é’島; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ching-tao), well-known to the West by its Postal System Pinyin transliteration Tsingtao, is a sub-provincial city in eastern Shandong province, Peoples Republic of China. ...
German battlecruiser Derfflinger scuttled at Scapa Flow. ...
World War I At the beginning of World War I, Prince Heinrich was named Commander-in-Chief of the Baltic Fleet. Athough the means provided him were far inferior to Russia’s Baltic Fleet, he succeeded, until the 1917 Revolution, in putting Russia’s naval forces far on the defensive, and hindered them from making attacks on the German coast. After the end of hostilities with Russia, his mission was ended, and Prince Heinrich simply left active duty. With the war’s end and the dissolution of the monarchy in Germany, Prince Heinrich left the Navy. Combatants Allies: Serbia, Russia, France, Romania, Belgium, British Empire, United States, Italy, and others Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Casualties Military dead:5 million Civilian dead:3 million Total dead:8 million Military dead:4 million Civilian dead:3 million Total dead:7 million The First World...
Personality and private life Heinrich had little in common with his brother, the German Emperor. He lacked, for example, Wilhelm’s erratic nature and egotism. The prince was truly popular in Northern Germany, and on account of his humble and open manner was beloved by his troops. On foreign travels he was a good diplomat, who, unlike his brother, was able to strike the right tone. Thus, on his 1912 trip to the United States, Heinrich succeeded in winning the sympathy of critical American press as well as the hearts of more than just the numerous German-American population.
As a naval officer, he had a profession that completely satisfied him and that he loved. He was thoroughly a pragmatist. He received one of the first pilot’s licenses in Germany, and was judged a spirited and excellent seaman. He was dedicated to modern technology and was able to understand quickly the practical value of technical innovations. He was an early proponent, for example, of introducing submarines and airplanes. In the Baltic Sea, he had a steamship converted into an aircraft carrier, in order to attack Russia with naval air forces.
Heinrich respected his brother, but this attitude was not returned in the same measure. Certainly Wilhelm was intellectually superior. He kept his younger brother far from politics, although Heinrich served as his representative as long as the Crown Prince was still in his minority. Heinrich complied with this, for he did not interest himself in either politics or grand strategy. He did not recognize what political effect the German naval build-up would entail, and also would not have been in the position to move his brother toward a different policy.
After the Revolution, Heinrich lived with his family in Hemmelmark near Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein. He continued with motor sports and sailing and even in old age was a very successful participant in regattas. He supposedly invented a windshield wiper and, according to other sources, the car-horn. In his honor, the Prinz-Heinrich-Fahrt (Prince Heinrich Regatta) was established. He popularized the headgear known as the Prinz-Heinrich-Mütze ("Prince Heinrich cap")--an item of apparel still worn, and especially beloved among older sailors.
In 1899, he received an honorary doctorate (Doctor of Engineering honoris causa) from the Technical University of Berlin. Also in foreign countries he received numerous similar honors, with the last being an honorary doctorate in 1912 from Harvard University. The Central Institute for Modern Languages at the Technical University The Technical University of Berlin (TUB, TU Berlin, German: Technische Universität Berlin) is located in Berlin in Germany. ...
Harvard University (incorporated as The President and Fellows of Harvard College) is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. ...
On April 20, 1929, Prince Heinrich died, as his father had, of throat cancer.
References Harald Eschenburg. Prinz Heinrich von Preußen - Der Großadmiral im Schatten des Kaisers. Heide, 1989, ISBN 3-8042-0456-2. [Translation of title: Prince Heinrich of Prussia - The Grand Admiral in the Shadow of the Emperor.]
External links - Heinrich Albert Wilhelm, Prinz von Preußen (In German)
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