The Principality of Sealand is a micronation located on HM Fort Roughs, a former World War II Maunsell Sea Fort in the North Sea 10 km (six miles) off the coast of Suffolk, England, United Kingdom. This article is about entities that are not officially recognised by world governments or major international organisations. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sealand. ... Image File history File links Coat_of_Arms_of_Sealand. ... Image File history File links Location_Sealand. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A constitutional monarchy or limited monarchy is a form of government established under a constitutional system which acknowledges an elected or hereditary monarch as head of state, as opposed to an absolute monarchy, where the monarch is not... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... USD redirects here. ... The European peoples are the various nations and ethnic groups of Europe. ... North American redirects here. ... GMT redirects here. ... This article is about entities that are not officially recognised by world governments or major international organisations. ... HM Fort Roughs, also known as Roughs Tower HM Fort Roughs was one of several World War II installations, that were designed by Guy Maunsell and known collectively as His Majestys Forts or as Maunsell Sea Forts, and its purpose was to guard the port of Harwich, Essex. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Maunsell Sea Forts are a set of sea forts built in Britain in WWII. Guy Maunsell designed four Naval Sea Forts, double pontoon gun platforms with 2 6 guns and a Bofors, sunk in position in 1942 to deter and report back German attempts at mine laying (called Roughs... The North Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, located between the coasts of Norway and Denmark in the east, the coast of the British Isles in the west, and the German, Dutch, Belgian and French coasts in the south. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... “Miles” redirects here. ... Suffolk (pronounced ) is a large historic and modern non-metropolitan county in East Anglia, England. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...

Since 1967, the facility has been occupied by former radio broadcaster British Army Major Paddy Roy Bates; his associates and family claim that it is an independent sovereign state.^[2] External commentators generally classify Sealand as a micronation.^[3][4][5] It has been described as the world's best-known micronation.^[6] Please see Major for other countries which use this rank Major is a military rank of the British Army which is used by both the British Army and Royal Marines. ... Paddy Roy Bates (born c. ... “Sovereign” redirects here. ... For other uses, see State (disambiguation). ...

Sealand is not recognized as a sovereign state by any United Nations member. Citing court rulings in the United States and in Germany, critics have asserted that Roughs Tower has always remained under the jurisdiction of the United Kingdom. UN and U.N. redirect here. ...

History

History of HM Fort Roughs

Main article: HM Fort Roughs

In 1942, during World War II, HM Fort Roughs was constructed by the United Kingdom as one of the Maunsell Forts, primarily for defence against German mine-laying aircraft that might be targeting the estuaries that were part of vital shipping lanes. It comprised a floating pontoon base with a superstructure of two hollow towers joined by a deck upon which other structures could be added. The fort was towed to a position above the Rough Sands sandbar, where its base was intentionally flooded to allow it to sink to its final resting place on the sandbar. The location chosen was in international waters, approximately six miles from the coast of Suffolk, outside the then three-mile territorial water claim of the United Kingdom. HM Fort Roughs, also known as Roughs Tower HM Fort Roughs was one of several World War II installations, that were designed by Guy Maunsell and known collectively as His Majestys Forts or as Maunsell Sea Forts, and its purpose was to guard the port of Harwich, Essex. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Maunsell Sea Forts were small fortified towers built in the Thames and Mersey estuaries during World War II to aid in the defence of the United Kingdom. ... A pontoon boat, like this small pleasure boat, typically floats and balances by means of two pontoons mounted lengthwise. ... Rough Sands is the name given to a sandbar located approximately six miles from the coast of Suffolk and eight miles from the coast of Essex, England. ... The terms international waters or trans-boundary waters apply where any of the following types of bodies of water (or their drainage basins) transcend international boundaries: oceans, large marine ecosystems, enclosed or semi-enclosed regional seas and estuaries, rivers, lakes, groundwater systems (aquifers), and wetlands [1]. Oceans and seas, waters... Suffolk (pronounced ) is a large historic and modern non-metropolitan county in East Anglia, England. ...

The facility (called Roughs Tower or HM Fort Roughs) was occupied by 150–300 Royal Navy personnel throughout World War II;^[7] not until well after the war, in 1956, were the last full-time personnel taken off HM Fort Roughs. This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ...

Occupation by Roy Bates and the establishment of Sealand

The Principality of Sealand

On September 2, 1967, the fort (with a habitable area of 550 square metre (5920 sq ft))^{[citation needed]} was occupied by Major Paddy Roy Bates, a British subject and pirate radio broadcaster, who ejected a competing group of pirate broadcasters.^[8] Bates intended to broadcast his pirate radio station Radio Essex from the platform. Picture of Sealand With permission of Bureau of Internal Affairs Principality of Sealand From; http://www. ... Picture of Sealand With permission of Bureau of Internal Affairs Principality of Sealand From; http://www. ... is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... The square foot is an Imperial unit / U.S. customary unit (non-SI non-metric) of area, used in the United States. ... The term Pirate Radio usually refers to illegal or unregulated radio transmission. ...

In 1968, the Royal Navy entered what Bates claimed to be his territorial waters in order to service a navigational buoy near the platform. Michael Bates (son of Paddy Roy Bates) tried to scare the workmen off by firing warning shots from the former fort. As Bates was a British subject at the time, he was summoned to court in England following the incident.^[9] The court ruled that as the platform (which Bates was now calling "Sealand") was outside British jurisdiction, being beyond the then three-mile limit of the country's waters,^[10] the case could not proceed. In British nationality law, the term British subject has at different times had different meanings. ...

In 1975, Bates introduced a constitution for Sealand, followed by a flag, a national anthem, a currency (see Coins and postage stamps of Sealand) and passports.

Forcible takeover

In 1978, while Bates was away, the Prime Minister of Sealand, Professor Alexander G. Achenbach, and several German and Dutch citizens, staged a forcible takeover of Roughs Tower,^[11] holding Bates' son Michael captive, before releasing him several days later in the Netherlands. Bates thereupon enlisted armed assistance and, in a helicopter assault, retook the fortress. He then held the invaders captive, claiming them as prisoners of war. Most participants in the invasion were repatriated at the cessation of the "war", but Achenbach, a German lawyer who held a Sealand passport, was charged with treason against Sealand,^[11] and was held unless he paid DM 75,000 (more than US$ 35,000). The governments of the Netherlands and Germany petitioned the British government for his release, but the United Kingdom disavowed all responsibility, citing the 1968 court decision. Germany then sent a diplomat from its London embassy to Roughs Tower to negotiate for Achenbach's release. Roy Bates relented after several weeks of negotiations and subsequently claimed that the diplomat's visit constituted de facto recognition of Sealand by Germany.^[12] For other uses, see Helicopter (disambiguation). ... Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ... Repatriation (from late Latin repatriare - to restore someone to his homeland) is the process of return of refugees or soldiers to their homes, most notably following a war. ... For other uses, see Treason (disambiguation) or Traitor (disambiguation). ... ISO 4217 Code DEM User(s) Germany, Montenegro, Kosovo ERM Since 13 March 1979 Fixed rate since 31 December 1998 Replaced by €, non cash 1 January 1999 Replaced by €, cash 1 January 2002 € = 1. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without...

Following his repatriation, Achenbach established a "government in exile" in Germany,^[11] in opposition to Roy Bates, assuming the name "Chairman of the Privy Council". He handed the position to Johannes Seiger in 1989 due to illness. Seiger continues to claim — via his website — that he is Sealand's legitimate ruling authority.^[13] A government in exile is a political group that claims to be a countrys legitimate government, but for various reasons is unable to exercise its legal power, and instead resides in a foreign country. ...

1990s

In an incident in 1990, the Royal Maritime Auxiliary vessel Golden Eye was fired upon from Sealand in defense of their claim to the waters surrounding Roughs Tower to the extent of twelve nautical miles.^[14] Due to the massive quantity of illegal passports in circulation (estimated at 150,000), in 1997 the Bates family revoked all Sealand passports, including those that they themselves had issued in the previous thirty years.^[15] Royal Maritime Auxiliary Service ensign The Royal Maritime Auxiliary Service is a British Government agency which runs a variety of small support vessels for the Royal Navy. ...

2000s

Sealand several months after the fire.

On the afternoon of 23 June 2006, the top platform of the Roughs Tower caught fire due to an electrical failure. An RAF rescue helicopter transferred one person to Ipswich hospital, directly from the tower. The Harwich lifeboat stood by the Roughs Tower until a local fire tug extinguished the fire.^[16] All damages were repaired by November 2006.^[17] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1614x935, 144 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Sealand Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1614x935, 144 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Sealand Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... RAF is an three letter acronym for: Royal Air Force -- the Air Force of the United Kingdom (see also Air Ministry) Red Army Faction (Rote Armee Fraktion) -- a German terror organisation Rigas Autobusu Fabrika -- a factory making buses in Riga, Latvia Rapid Action Force in India Računarski Fakultet RAF... Arms of Harwich Town Council Harwich (IPA, /hɑːˈɹɪtʃ/) is a town in Essex, England, located on the coast with the North Sea to the east. ...

In 2007, Sealand was offered for sale through Spanish estate company InmoNaranja.^[18][19] However, because a principality cannot technically be sold, Sealand's current owners plan to transfer "custodianship".^[20] The asking price is between £65,000,000 and £504,000,000 (€750 m, according to the BBC ^[18]). ^[21][22] Sealand also has the world record for "the smallest area to lay claim to nation status".^[23] GBP may be: short for Game Boy Player the ISO currency code for the British Pound Sterling. ... For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ...

Legal status of Sealand

Main article: Legal status of Sealand

Map of Sealand and the United Kingdom, with territorial water claims of 3 NM and 12 NM shown.

The claim that Sealand is an independent sovereign state is based on the following contentions: This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Image File history File links Map_of_Sealand_with_territorial_waters. ... Image File history File links Map_of_Sealand_with_territorial_waters. ... A nautical mile or sea mile is a unit of length. ...

1. That when Paddy Roy Bates and his associates occupied Roughs Tower/HM Fort Roughs in 1967, it was located in international waters, outside the jurisdiction of the United Kingdom and all other sovereign states, thus constituting terra nullius which could be settled and claimed by a new State. (This is the basis of the claim for de jure legitimacy).
2. That interactions by the UK and the German Governments and the occupants of Sealand/Roughs Tower constitute de facto recognition of the territory's sovereignty, a proposition denied by the States concerned. (This is the basis of the claim for de facto legitimacy).
3. That a 1968 decision of an English court, in which it was held that Roughs Tower was in international waters and thus outside the jurisdiction of the domestic courts, is a further de facto recognition of Sealand's sovereignty.^[24]

In international law, the two most common schools of thought for the creation of statehood are the constitutive and declaratory theories of state creation. The constitutive theory was the standard nineteenth century model of statehood, and the declaratory theory was developed in the twentieth century to address shortcomings of the constitutive theory. In the constitutive theory, a state exists exclusively via recognition by other states. The theory splits on whether this recognition requires "diplomatic recognition" or merely "recognition of existence". No other state grants Sealand official recognition, but it has been argued by Bates that negotiations carried out by Germany constituted "recognition of existence". In the declaratory theory of statehood, an entity becomes a state as soon as it meets the minimal criteria for statehood^[clarify]. Recognition by other states is purely "declaratory".^[25] Paddy Roy Bates (born c. ... Terra nullius (English pronunciation , Latin pronunciation IPA: ) is a Latin expression deriving from Roman Law meaning no mans land, i. ... Look up De jure in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The declarative theory of statehood defines a state as a person of international law that meets certain structural criteria. ...

Sealand as a statelike entity

Prince Roy and Princess Joan Bates claimed Sealand as their own in 1967.

Irrespective of its legal status, Sealand is managed by the Bates family as though it were a recognised sovereign entity, and they its hereditary royal rulers. Prince Roy and Princess Joan With permission of Bureau of Internal Affairs Principality of Sealand From; http://www. ... Prince Roy and Princess Joan With permission of Bureau of Internal Affairs Principality of Sealand From; http://www. ... This article is about the monarchy-related concept. ...

Roy Bates styles himself "Prince Roy" and his wife "Princess Joan". Their son is known as "His Royal Highness Prince Michael" and has been referred to as the "Prince Regent" by the Bates family since 1999.^[26] In this role he apparently serves as Sealand's acting "Head of State" and also its "Head of Government".^[27] At a micronations conference hosted by the University of Sunderland in 2004, Sealand was represented by Michael Bates's son James, who was referred to as "Prince Royal James".^[28] St Peters Campus The University of Sunderland is located in the City of Sunderland in North East England. ...

The Bateses are all believed^{[attribution needed]} to retain UK citizenship, and the family has not been in permanent residence on the Roughs Tower facility since 1999.^{[citation needed]} The facility is now occupied by one or more caretakers representing Michael Bates, who himself lives in Essex, England.^[29] For other meanings of Essex, see Essex (disambiguation). ...

Sealand's constitution was instituted in 1974. It consists of a preamble and seven articles. The preamble asserts Sealand's independence, while the articles variously deal with Sealand's status as a constitutional monarchy, the empowerment of government bureaus, the role of an appointed, advisory Senate, the functions of an appointed, advisory legal tribunal, a proscription against the bearing of arms except by members of a designated "Sealand Guard," the exclusive right of the sovereign to formulate foreign policy and alter the constitution, and the hereditary patrilinear succession of the monarchy.^[30] Sealand's legal system is claimed to follow British common law, and statutes take the form of Decrees enacted by the Sovereign.^[31] Look up Preamble in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A constitutional monarchy or limited monarchy is a form of government established under a constitutional system which acknowledges an elected or hereditary monarch as head of state, as opposed to an absolute monarchy, where the monarch is not... For the band, see Senate (band). ... A tribunal is a generic term for any body acting judicially, whether or not it is called a tribunal in its title. ... A countrys foreign policy is a set of political goals that seeks to outline how that particular country will interact with other countries of the world and, to a lesser extent, non-state actors. ... Patrilineality is a system in which one belongs to ones fathers lineage; it generally involves the inheritance of property, names or titles through the male line as well. ... A legal system is the mechanism for creating, interpreting and enforcing the laws in a given jurisdiction. ... This article concerns the common-law legal system, as contrasted with the civil law legal system; for other meanings of the term, within the field of law, see common law (disambiguation). ... The Statute of Grand Duchy of Lithuania A statute is a formal, written law of a country or state, written and enacted by its legislative authority, perhaps to then be ratified by the highest executive in the government, and finally published. ... Decree is an order that has the force of law. ...

Sealand has issued passports and has operated as a flag of convenience state (see #Commercial and other operations). For Microsoft Corporation’s “universal login” service, formerly known as Microsoft Passport Network, see Windows Live ID. For other types of travel document, see Travel document. ... The chemical tanker Sichem Princess Marie-Chantal had Panama City as its port of registry when this 2005 picture was taken but as of 2007 it is registered in Valetta with Maltese flag. ...

Sealand's motto is E Mare Libertas (English: From the Sea, Freedom).^[32] It appears on Sealandic items, such as stamps, passports, and coins and is the title of the Sealandic anthem. The anthem was composed by Londoner Basil Simonenko;^[33] it does not have lyrics. For other uses, see Motto (disambiguation). ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

Commercial and other operations

Sealand has been involved in several commercial operations, including the issuing of coins and postage stamps, and the establishment of an offshore internet hosting facility or "data haven". Sealand also had an official website and publishes an online newspaper, Sealand News.^[34] In addition, a number of amateur athletes "represent" Sealand in sporting events.

According to Sealand News,^[35] a movie called Sealand is in development for release in 2008.^[36]

As of 11 February 2007 Sealand is taking bookings for tourist visits.^[37] is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

Legal instruments

For a period, Sealand camouflage passports were mass-manufactured and sold widely by a Spanish-based group believed to be associated with the "exile government" under Seiger. These passports, which the Bates family say were not authorized by them,^[15] were linked to several high-profile crimes. All passports were revoked by Roy Bates in 1997.^[38] A sample of camouflage passport cover. ...

In a 1990 court case^{[citation needed]} in the United States regarding registering ships in Sealand (as a flag of convenience), the court ruled against allowing Sealand flagged vessels; the case was never contested by the Bateses. The chemical tanker Sichem Princess Marie-Chantal had Panama City as its port of registry when this 2005 picture was taken but as of 2007 it is registered in Valetta with Maltese flag. ...

Postal service and stamps

Main article: Coins and postage stamps of Sealand

80c stamp from the Principality of Sealand.

Sealand first issued postage stamps in 1969, when a helicopter service was instituted to carry mail between Roughs Tower and Brussels.^{[citation needed]} A significant volume of mail carrying Sealand stamps and postmarks was accepted without surcharge and passed by Belgian postal authorities into the international postal system at that time.^{[citation needed]} A selection of Hong Kong postage stamps A postage stamp is evidence of pre-paying a fee for postal services. ... For other places with the same name, see Brussels (disambiguation). ...

Sealand stamps are classified as "locals";^{[citation needed]} such stamps are issued by private entities and are valid for the carriage of mail between a location that lacks a regular postal service and a location from which the onward transmission of such mail occurs. Although few^[vague] stamp issues have been made since early 1970s, Sealand postage stamps and postal cancellations continue to be used on most if not all mail from Fort Roughs.^{[citation needed]} Furthermore, as Sealand is not a member of the Universal Postal Union, its inward address is a PO Box in the United Kingdom.^[39] A machine cancellation On mail, a cancellation (or cancel for short) is a postal marking applied to a postage stamp or postal stationery indicating that the item has been used. ... The Universal Postal Union (UPU, French: Union postale universelle) is an international organization that coordinates postal policies between member nations, and hence the world-wide postal system. ... ...

Coins

Main article: Coins and postage stamps of Sealand

Sealandic coins, from left to right: Half Dollar, Silver One Dollar and Quarter Dollar

Several dozen different Sealand coins have been minted since 1972. Most were produced in precious metals so as to appeal to investors and coin collectors.^{[citation needed]} In the early 1990s, Achenbach's German group also produced a coin, featuring a likeness of "Prime Minister Seiger".^[40] For the CSI episode of the same name, see Precious Metal (CSI episode). ... This article is about a hobby. ...

Sealand's coins and postage stamps are denominated in "Sealand Dollars", which it deems to be at parity with the U.S. dollar^{[citation needed]}. PPP of GDP for the countries of the world (2003). ... USD redirects here. ...

HavenCo

Main article: HavenCo

In 2000, worldwide publicity was created about Sealand following the establishment of a new entity called HavenCo, a data haven, which effectively took control of Roughs Tower itself. However Ryan Lackey, HavenCo's founder, later quit and claimed that Bates had lied to him by keeping the 1990-1991 court case from him and that as a result he had lost the money he had invested in the venture.^{[citation needed]} HavenCo Limited is a data hosting services company founded in 2000 which operates from Sealand, an unrecognised self-declared sovereign principality that occupies a man-made former World War II defensive facility originally known as Roughs Tower located approximately six miles from the coast of Suffolk, southeast England. ... HavenCo Limited is a data hosting services company founded in 2000 which operates from Sealand, an unrecognised self-declared sovereign principality that occupies a man-made former World War II defensive facility originally known as Roughs Tower located approximately six miles from the coast of Suffolk, southeast England. ... A Data Haven is a place where data is supposed to be secure at all times. ... Ryan Donald Lackey (born March 17, 1979) is an entrepreneur and computer security professional. ...

Sports and activities

Sealand has official national athletes, including non-Sealanders. These athletes take part in various sports, including mini-golf and football.^[41] Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... A sportsperson (British and American English) or athlete (principally American English) is any person who participates regularly in a sport. ... Eternite Miniature golf course Minigolf is a miniature version of the sport of golf. ... Soccer redirects here. ...

Sealand's first official athlete was Darren Blackburn of Oakville, Ontario, who was appointed in 2003. Blackburn has represented Sealand at a number of local sporting events, including marathons and off-trail races.^[42] Sealand's official U-20 National Football team is coached by American high school soccer coach Rory Miller and is mostly composed of players from his current and recent past roster at Muhlenberg North High School in Greenville, Kentucky. Mountaineer Slader Oviatt carried the Sealandic flag to the top of Muztagh Ata in 2004.^[43] Since 16 December 2007, the Yorkshire-based airsoft team "SART" (Sheffield Armed Response Team)^[44] represents the Principality at airsoft games as its national team. Also in 2007, Michael Martelle represented the Principality of Sealand in the World Cup of Kung Fu, held in Quebec City, Canada; bearing the designation of Athleta Principalitas Bellatorius (Principal Martial Arts Athlete and Champion), Martelle won two silver medals, becoming the first-ever Sealand athlete to appear on a world championship podium.^[45] Oakville (2006 population 165,613[2]) is a town on Lake Ontario in southern Ontario, Canada, midway between Toronto (about 31 km or 19 mi away) on its eastern border and Hamilton (about 20 km or 12 mi away) from its western border. ... Modern day marathon runners The word marathon refers to a long-distance road running event of 42. ... For other uses, see High school (disambiguation). ... Greenville is a city located in Muhlenberg County, Kentucky. ... Mountaineering is an umbrella term that can variously be used to describe the actions of climbing, hillwalking and scrambling. ... Muztagh Ata, or Muztagata, is the second highest mountain in the Kunlun Shan, the mountain range which forms the northern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. ... is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Yorkshire is a historic county of northern England. ... This article is about the sport. ...

References

To find out information from the the head of state, please e-mail hos@sealandgov.org. The prince himself can be reached at michael@fruitsofthesea.demon.co.uk. He loves to hear from people about the goings on in the principality. Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Lonely Planet logo Lonely Planet Publications (usually known as Lonely Planet or LP for short) claims to be the largest independently owned travel guidebook publisher in the world. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Australian is a national daily broadsheet newspaper published by Rupert Murdochs News Corporation. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Wired News, online at Wired. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Lonely Planet logo Lonely Planet Publications (usually known as Lonely Planet or LP for short) claims to be the largest independently owned travel guidebook publisher in the world. ... Lonely Planet logo Lonely Planet Publications (usually known as Lonely Planet or LP for short) claims to be the largest independently owned travel guidebook publisher in the world. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see The Independent (disambiguation). ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 176th day of the year (177th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... ABC News logo ABC News Special Report ident, circa 2006 ABC News is a division of American television and radio network ABC, owned by The Walt Disney Company. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Evening Star may be: Venus as a brilliant Evening Star as seen near the cresent moon The planet Venus BR 92220 Evening Star, a BR standard class 9F locomotive and the last steam locomotive to be built by British Railways. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 12th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Lonely Planet logo Lonely Planet Publications (usually known as Lonely Planet or LP for short) claims to be the largest independently owned travel guidebook publisher in the world. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Lonely Planet logo Lonely Planet Publications (usually known as Lonely Planet or LP for short) claims to be the largest independently owned travel guidebook publisher in the world. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 208th day of the year (209th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Lonely Planet logo Lonely Planet Publications (usually known as Lonely Planet or LP for short) claims to be the largest independently owned travel guidebook publisher in the world. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Bibliography

Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 216th day of the year (217th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 197th day of the year (198th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 215th day of the year (216th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This just IN !!!:paris hiltons new dog. ... is the 158th day of the year (159th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... The Times is a national newspaper published daily in the United Kingdom (and the Kingdom of Great Britain before the United Kingdom existed) since 1788 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. ... is the 220th day of the year (221st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... The Economist is an English-language weekly news and international affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd and edited in London. ... is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Jack Goldsmith is a Harvard Law professor who has written a number of texts on topics in international law and regarding the Internet. ... Tim Wu is a professor at Columbia law school and a contributor to Slate Magazine. ...

External links

• Official website
• Website of Rebel Sealand Government
• [1] - Latest news from the Sealanders, Renovation updates and all the latest photos from Sealand
• Sealand News - Official newspaper of Sealand
• Sealand National Anthem - MIDI file on nationalanthems.info

Coordinates: 51°53′40″N, 1°28′57″E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...