Metals are amongst our most valuable resources. Thousands of years ago, people used metals such as copper and iron to make weapons and everyday objects. These metals are still in use today.

Physical properties of metals

The five most used metals in order of use are: iron, aluminum, copper, zinc, and manganese. General Name, Symbol, Number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 8, 4, d Appearance lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge Standard atomic weight 55. ... Aluminum is a soft and lightweight metal with a dull silvery appearance, due to a thin layer of oxidation that forms quickly when it is exposed to air. ... General Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 4, d Appearance metallic pinkish red Standard atomic weight 63. ... General Name, Symbol, Number zinc, Zn, 30 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 12, 4, d Appearance bluish pale gray Standard atomic weight 65. ... General Name, Symbol, Number manganese, Mn, 25 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 7, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic mass 54. ...

The general physical properties of metals are:

• are hard and strong.
• solids (Only mercury is liquid at room temperature).
• shiny luster (when polished).
• good conductors of heat.
• good conductors of electricity.
• dense
• malleable and ductile.
• sonorus

The properties of metals make them suitable for different uses in daily life. In mathematics, the term dense has at least three different meanings. ... Malleability is a physical property of matter, signifying its capability of deformation, especially by hammering or rolling. ... Ductility is the physical property of being capable of sustaining large plastic deformations without fracture (in metals, such as being drawn into a wire). ...

• copper, gold and silver are good conductors of electricity and are ductile. Therefore copper is used for electrical cables and gold and silver are used for electrical connections.

• Iron and steel are both hard and strong. Therefore they are used to construct bridges, buildings and motor cars. The disadvantage of using iron is that is tends to rust.

• Aluminium is a good conductor of heat and is malleable. It is used to make saucepans and thin foil.

It is also used to make aeroplane bodies as it is a low density metal. General Name, Symbol, Number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 8, 4, d Appearance lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge Standard atomic weight 55. ... The steel cable of a colliery winding tower. ... A blacksmith removing rust with sand prior to welding Rust damage in automobiles can create hidden dangers. ... General Name, Symbol, Number aluminium, Al, 13 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 13, 3, p Appearance silvery Standard atomic weight 26. ... Malleability is a physical property of matter, signifying its capability of deformation, especially by hammering or rolling. ... In physics, density is mass m per unit volume V. For the common case of a homogeneous substance, it is expressed as: where, in SI units: ρ (rho) is the density of the substance, measured in kg·m-3 m is the mass of the substance, measured in kg V is...

• Gold and silver are very malleable ductile and very unreactive. They are used to make intricate jewellery which does not tarnish.

GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... General Name, Symbol, Number silver, Ag, 47 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 5, d Appearance lustrous white metal Atomic mass 107. ...

Alloys

a coil of solder

An alloy is a metal mixed with other elements. The properties of an alloy is different from pure metals. Some alloys are listed below. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 450 × 337 pixelsFull resolution (450 × 337 pixel, file size: 17 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 450 × 337 pixelsFull resolution (450 × 337 pixel, file size: 17 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation... An alloy is a combination, either in solution or compound, of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, and where the resulting material has metallic properties. ...

• steel:contains iron and carbon plus other metals. It is stronger than pure iron. It is used as girders for buildings and car bodies.

• solder:it is a mixture of tin and lead. It has a lower melting point than pure metals. It is used for connecting electrical circuits.

• duralumin:contains aluminium and copper. It is lighter than copper and stronger than aluminium. It is used in aeroplanes and alloy wheels.

The steel cable of a colliery winding tower. ... A solder is a fusible metal alloy, with a melting point or melting range below 450 °C (840 °F), which is melted to join metallic surfaces, especially in the fields of electronics and plumbing, in a process called soldering. ... fuck u Duralumin (also called duraluminum, duraluminium or dural) is the name of one of the earliest types of age-hardenable aluminium alloys. ...

Chemical properties of metals

The black surface is lead oxide. The white surface is the lead viewd when the lead oxide is scratched.

Many substances on the Earth's surface will at sometime come in contact with air, water or acids. The shiny surface of most metals becomes dull in time. This is due to a slow chemical reaction between the surface of the metal and oxygen in the air. The reaction forms only one product; a surface coating of the metal oxide. The general word equation is: metal+oxygen → metal oxide Image File history File links Size of this preview: 309 × 360 pixelsFull resolution (309 × 360 pixel, file size: 30 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 309 × 360 pixelsFull resolution (309 × 360 pixel, file size: 30 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation... Layers of Atmosphere (NOAA) Air redirects here. ... Impact of a drop of water creating circular capillary waves. ... For alternative meanings see acid (disambiguation). ...

For example: The dull appearance of the metal lead is due to a coating of lead oxide. lead+oxygen → lead oxide For Pb as an abbreviation, see Pb. ... General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Standard atomic weight 15. ... Lead(II) oxide or litharge is a yellow oxide of lead of formula PbO, created by heating lead in air. ...

If the surface is scratched then the shiny lead metal can be seen underneath.

Heating can speed up the reaction with oxygen. If a piece of copper is heated it quickly becomes coated in black copper oxide. The word equation is:

copper + oxygen → copper oxide Copper forms two oxides, copper(I) oxide (cuprous oxide, Cu2O) a red powder and copper(II) oxide (cupric oxide, CuO) a black powder. ...