Also recognized as the forebrain, the prosencephalon gives rise to the diencephalon and the telencephalon. The prosencephalon emerges from the top, or front end of the neural tube, and is the most rostral of the three vesicles.
Profound development of prosencephalar areas in adult humans, especially the neopallium, creates the physiological basis for many of humans' unique skills related to memory, planning, conjecture and fabrication.
The two sides of the brain communicate via the corpus callosum, but the two sides are essentially separate entities with brain tissue surrounding a central fluid filled chamber, the lateral ventricle, on each side.
Holoprosencephaly is the absence or incomplete cleavage of the forebrain (prosencephalon) into the two cerebral hemispheres.
This process usually takes place during the third week of fetal life.
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