Protea is both the botanical name and the English common name of a genus of flowering plants, sometimes also called sugarbushes. A botanical name is a formal name conforming to the ICBN. As with its zoological and bacterial equivalents it may also be called a scientific name. Botanical names may be in one part (genus and above), two parts (species) or three parts (below the rank of species). ... For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also angiosperms or Magnoliophyta) are one of the major groups of modern plants, comprising those that produce seeds in specialized reproductive organs called flowers, where the ovulary or carpel is enclosed. ...

The genus Protea was named in 1735 by Carolus Linnaeus after the Greek god Proteus who could change his form at will, because proteas have such different forms. Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 13, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ... This article is about Proteus in Greek mythology. ...

Proteas attracted the attention of botanists visiting the Cape (South Africa) in the 1600s. Many species were introduced to Europe in the 1700s, enjoying a unique popularlity at the time amongst botanists.

The Proteaceae family to which Proteas belong is an ancient one. Its ancestors grew in Gondwanaland, 300 million years ago. Proteaceae is divided into two subfamilies: the Proteoideae, best represented in southern Africa, and the Grevilleoideae, concentrated in Australia and South America and the other smaller segments of Gondwanaland that are now part of eastern Asia. Africa shares only one genus with Madagascar, whereas South America and Australia share many common genera — this indicates they separated from Africa before they separated from each other. This article is about the ancient supercontinent of Gondwana. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ...

Most protea occur south of the Limpopo River. However,Protea kilimanjaro is found in the chaparral zone of Mt. Kenya National Park. 92% of the species occur only in the Cape Floristic Region, a narrow belt of mountainous coastal land from Clanwilliam to Grahamstown. The extraordinary richness and diversity of species characteristic of the Cape Flora is thought to be caused in part by the diverse landscape where populations can become isolated from each other and in time develop into separate species. Course and Watershed of the Limpopo River The Limpopo River rises in the interior of Africa, and flows generally eastwards towards the Indian Ocean. ...

Classification

Within the Huge family Proteaceae, they are a member of the subfamily Proteoideae, which has Southern African and Australian members. Genera See text The Proteaceae are a large family of flowering plants, which includes 75-80 genera and 1500 species of evergreen trees, shrubs, and herbs. ...

Species

Protea Pink ice

(listed by section: a section has a name in two parts, consisting of the genus name and an epithet).

• Protea section Leiocephalae
  • Protea caffra (Common Protea)
  • Protea dracomontana
  • Protea glabra
  • Protea inopina
  • Protea nitida
  • Protea nubigena
  • Protea parvula
  • Protea petiolaris
  • Protea rupicola
  • Protea simplex

• Protea section Paludosae
  • Protea enervis

• Protea section Patentiflorae
  • Protea angolensis
  • Protea comptonii
  • Protea curvata
  • Protea laetans
  • Protea madiensis
  • Protea rubropilosa
  • Protea rupestris

King Protea (Protea cynaroides)

King Protea (Protea cynaroides)

• Protea section Lasiocephalae
  • Protea gaguedi
  • Protea welwitschii

• Protea section Cristatae
  • Protea asymmetrica
  • Protea wentzeliana

• Protea section Cynaroidae
  • Protea cynaroides (King Protea)

• Protea section Paracynaroides
  • Protea cryophila (Snow Protea)
  • Protea pruinosa
  • Protea scabriuscula
  • Protea scolopendriifolia

King Protea (Protea cynaroides)

• Protea section Ligulatae
  • Protea burchellii
  • Protea compacta
  • Protea eximia
  • Protea longifolia
  • Protea obtusifolia
  • Protea pudens
  • Protea roupelliae
  • Protea susannae

• Protea section Melliferae
  • Protea aristata
  • Protea lanceolata
  • Protea repens (Common Sugarbush Protea)

• Protea section Speciosae
  • Protea coronata
  • Protea grandiceps
  • Protea holosericea
  • Protea laurifolia
  • Protea lepidocarpodendron
  • Protea lorifolia
  • Protea magnifica
  • Protea neriifolia (Oleander-leaf Protea)
  • Protea speciosa
  • Protea stokoei

• Protea section Exsertae
  • Protea aurea
  • Protea lacticolor
  • Protea mundii
  • Protea punctata
  • Protea subvestita
  • Protea venusta

• Protea section Microgeantae
  • Protea acaulos
  • Protea convexa
  • Protea laevis
  • Protea revoluta
  • Protea ungustata

• Protea section Crinitae
  • Protea foliosa
  • Protea intonsa
  • Protea montana
  • Protea tenax
  • Protea vogtsiae

• Protea section Pinifolia
  • Protea acuminata
  • Protea canaliculata
  • Protea nana
  • Protea pityphylla
  • Protea scolymocephala
  • Protea witzenbergiana

• Protea section Craterifolia
  • Protea effusa
  • Protea namaquana
  • Protea pendula
  • Protea recondita
  • Protea sulphurea

• Protea section Obvallatae
  • Protea caespitosa

• Protea section Subacaules
  • Protea aspera
  • Protea denticulata
  • Protea lorea
  • Protea piscina
  • Protea restionifolia
  • Protea scabra
  • Protea scorzonerifolia

Protea caffra is a small tree or shrub which occurs in open or wooded grassland usually on rocky ridges. ... Protea angolensis (northern sugarbush) is a dwarf, multistemmed shrub or small straggling tree occurring in open wooded grassland. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1067, 1019 KB) A protea flower File links The following pages link to this file: Protea Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1067, 1019 KB) A protea flower File links The following pages link to this file: Protea Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1067, 252 KB) A protea flower File links The following pages link to this file: Protea ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1067, 252 KB) A protea flower File links The following pages link to this file: Protea ... Binomial name J.F.Gmel. ... Protea welwitschii (cluster-head sugarbush) is a multistemmed shrub or small gnarled tree occurring in grassland and bushveld. ... Binomial name L. The King Protea (Protea cynaroides) is a flowering plant. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1200x1080, 191 KB) Photo of Protea cynaroides at the San Francisco Botanical Garden, taken June 2005 by User:Stan Shebs File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): King... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1200x1080, 191 KB) Photo of Protea cynaroides at the San Francisco Botanical Garden, taken June 2005 by User:Stan Shebs File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): King... Protea compacta is similar to Protea eximia. ... Binomial name (Knight) Fourc. ... Protea laurifolia is similar to Protea neriifolia but has a more westerly distribution. ... Binomial name R.Br. ... Protea aurea (long-bud sugarbush) is a shrub or small tree with a single trunk occurring in mountain fynbos, usually on cool, moist, southern slopes. ...

National symbol

Together with the Springbok Antelope, the Protea had been treated as a sometimes controversial national symbol in South Africa, both during and after apartheid. Binomial name (Zimmermann, 1780) Range map For other meanings of Springbok, see Springbok The Springbok (Afrikaans and Dutch: spring = jump; bok = antelope, deer, or goat) (Antidorcas marsupialis) is a small brown and white gazelle that stands about 75 cm high. ... A segregated beach in South Africa, 1982. ...

The former South African Prime Minister and architect of apartheid, Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd, had a dream to change the then-current Flag of South Africa and have in its center a leaping Springbok Antelope over a wreath of six Proteas. This proposal, however, aroused too much controversy and was never implemented. This is a list of South African Prime Ministers. ... Hendrik Verwoerd Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd (Amsterdam, 8 September 1901 – Cape Town, 6 September 1966) was Prime Minister of South Africa from 1958 until his assassination in 1966. ... Flag ratio: 2:3 The current flag of the Republic of South Africa was adopted on April 27, 1994, after the first free elections and the end of apartheid. ... Look up wreath in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

After the demise of apartheid, the ANC government decreed that South African sporting teams, hitherto called "Springboks" were to be known as "The Proteas", although an exemption was made for the rugby union team, who remain "Springboks". For political parties with similar names in other countries, see Northern Rhodesian African National Congress and Zambian African National Congress. ... The Springboks or Bokke are the South African national rugby union team. ...

External links

• Protea Atlas Project: a project to map the distribution of South African plant species, using Protea as a flagship.
• NCBI Taxonomy Browser