|
A proteasome is a barrel-shaped multi-protein complex that can digest other proteins into short polypeptides and amino acids in an ATP-driven reaction. The proteasome is hollow, providing an enclosed space for protein digestion, and has openings at the two ends to allow entry of the targeted protein. A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ...
Peptides are the family of molecules formed from the linking, in a defined order, of various amino acids. ...
In chemistry, an amino acid is any molecule that contains both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. ...
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the nucleotide known in biochemistry as the molecular currency of intracellular energy transfer; that is, ATP is able to store and transport chemical energy within cells. ...
The importance of proteolytic degradation inside cells and the role of ubiquitin in proteolytic pathways was acknowledged in the awarding of the the 2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko and Irwin Rose. The Anaphase-promoting complex (APC) and the SCF complex (for Skp1-Cullin-F-box protein complex) are two examples of protein complexes involved in recognition and ubiquitination of specific target proteins for degradation by the proteasome. Ubiquitin is a small protein that occurs in all eukaryotic cells. ...
2004 is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
List of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to the present day. ...
Aaron Ciechanover (אהרון צחנובר) (born October 1, 1947) is an Israeli biologist. ...
Avram Hershko (born December 31, 1937) is an Israeli biologist. ...
Irwin A. Rose (born 16 July 1926 in NY) is an American biologist. ...
Anaphase-promoting complex (APC) is a complex of several proteins which is activated during mitosis to initiate anaphase. ...
26S proteasome The 26S proteasome is used for the digestion of ubiquitin-marked proteins. It is located on both sides of a cell's nuclear membrane and consists of a 20S core protease particle and two 19S regulatory particles. The 20S unit consists of 2 rings of α subunits and 2 rings of β subunits, stacked in the order αββα as a series of heptomeric rings. It is about 15 nm long and 11.5 nm wide. The alpha subunits are structural, while three of the beta subunits are catalytic. In mammals, different catalytic subunits exist and are induced or repressed by cytoskines such as interferon; the different beta subunits alter the cleavage and length preferences of the proteasome. A Svedberg (symbol S, sometimes Sv) is a non-SI physical unit used in ultracentrifugation. ...
Ubiquitin is a small protein that occurs in all eukaryotic cells. ...
Each 19S unit consists of a lid and a base with a 19S regulatory particle is attached to each end of the 20S core particle via its base. Some of the subunits in the base are ATPases. ATPases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the decomposition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a free phosphate ion. ...
The core 20S proteasome associated with different caps, including the PA28 complex; these different caps modify the activity of the proteasome.
External links
| Proteins: key articles navigation bar | | Protein | Proteome | Protein folding | Protein structure | Protein biosynthesis | Posttranslational modification | List of proteins | Protein targeting | Membrane protein | Globular protein | Fibrous protein | Protein methods | Whole proteome analysis | Protein structural domains | Proteasome A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ...
The term proteome was first used in 1995 and has been applied to several different types of biological systems. ...
Protein folding is the process by which a protein assumes its functional shape or conformation. ...
Proteins are amino acid chains, made up from 20 different L-α-amino acids, also referred to as residues, that fold into unique three-dimensional protein structures. ...
An overview of protein synthesis. ...
Posttranslational modification means the chemical modification of a protein after its translation. ...
A list of proteins (and protein complexes). ...
Protein targeting a. ...
A membrane protein is a protein molecule (or assembly of molecules) that is either embedded in or weakly attached to a biological membrane, especially the plasma membrane. ...
Globular proteins, or spheroproteins are one of the two main protein classes, comprising globelike proteins that are more or less soluble in aqueous solutions (where they form colloidal solutions). ...
Fibrous proteins, also called scleroproteins, are long filamentous protein molecules that form one of the two main classes of tertiary structure protein (the other being globular proteins). ...
Protein methods are the techniques used to study proteins. ...
Wikipedia is in the process of constructing a description of all major protein types and all important individual proteins. ...
Within a protein, a structural domain (domain) is an element of overall structure that is self-stabilizing and often folds independently of the rest of the protein chain. ...
| |
Feeds |
Contact