Protocanonical books is a term used to describe those scriptural texts contained in the Hebrew Bible. In contrast to the more controversial status of the deuterocanonical books, these 39 books of the Old Testament have always been considered sacred by almost all Christians throughout history. Based on the Jewish tradition of the Tanakh, they may be listed as 24 books, including the twelve minor prophets (combined in one book), one book each for 1 and 2 Samuel, 1 and 2 Kings, and 1 and 2 Chronicles, as well as a single book for Ezra and Nehemiah. 11th century manuscript of the Hebrew Bible with Targum This article discusses usage of the term Hebrew Bible. For the article on the Hebrew Bible itself, see Tanakh. ... The deuterocanonical books are the books that Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodoxy, Ethiopian Orthodoxy, and Oriental Orthodoxy include in the Old Testament that were not part of the Jewish Tanakh. ... Note: Judaism commonly uses the term Tanakh. ... TaNaKh [תנ״ך] (also Tanach, IPA: or ), is an acronym that identifies the Hebrew Bible. ... The Books of Samuel (Hebrew: Sefer Shmuel ספר שמואל), are part of the Tanakh (part of Judaisms Hebrew Bible) and also of the Old Testament (of Christianity). ... The Books of Kings (Hebrew: Sefer Melachim ספר מלכים) is a part of Judaisms Tanakh, the Hebrew Bible. ... The Book of Chronicles is a book in the Hebrew Bible (also see Old Testament). ... The Book of Ezra is a book of the Bible in the Old Testament and Hebrew Tanakh. ... The Book of Nehemiah is a book of the Hebrew Bible, known to Jews as the Tanach and to Christians as the Old Testament. ...

Variations in the Hebrew canon

Josephus mentioned an unspecified organization into 22 books, possibly identical with the later scheme of Athanasius which combines Lamentations with Jeremiah and omits Esther[1]. Some scholars propose an alternate scheme for Josephus which either retains Esther and combines Ruth with Judges, or omits both Esther and Ecclesiastes. Alternatively, Theodore of Mopsuestia omitted Song of Songs, Ecclesiastes, Job, and Ezra-Nehemiah to obtain a listing of 22 books[2]. A representation of Flavius Josephus, a woodcutting in John C. Winstons translation of his works Josephus ( 37 – 100 AD/CE), who became known, in his capacity as a Roman citizen, as Flavius Josephus[1], was a 1st century Jewish historian and apologist of priestly and royal ancestry who survived... Athanasius of Alexandria (also spelled Athanasios) was a Christian bishop of Alexandria in the fourth century. ... The Book of Lamentations (Hebrew מגילת איכה) is a book of the Bible Old Testament and Jewish Tanakh. ... For jer, an alternate spelling for the reduced vowels in Common Slavic, see yer. ... The Book of Esther is a book of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) and of the Old Testament. ... Naomi entreating Ruth and Orpah to return to the land of Moab by William Blake, 1795 Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld: Ruth in Boazs Field, 1828 The Book of Ruth (Hebrew: מגילת רות, Megilat Rut, the Scroll of Ruth) is one of the books of the Ketuvim (Writings) of the Tanakh (the... Book of Judges (Hebrew: Sefer Shoftim ספר שופטים) is a book of the Bible originally written in Hebrew. ... Ecclesiastes, Qohelet in Hebrew, is a book of the Hebrew Bible. ... Theodore (c. ... Song of Solomon is also the title of a novel by Toni Morrison. ... Ecclesiastes, Qohelet in Hebrew, is a book of the Hebrew Bible. ... The Book of Jeob (איוב) is one of the books of the Hebrew Bible. ... 1. ...

The 22 book canon has one book for each letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The 24 book canon has one book for each of the elders who throws his crown before the Lamb in the Book of Revelation[3]. Visions of John of Patmos, as depicted in the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. ...

New Testament

By analogy with the early and broad acceptance of the Hebrew scriptural texts, the term protocanonical is also sometimes used to describe those books of the New Testament which were more widely accepted by the early Church than some of the other 27 books recognized today by almost all Christians. For more information concerning the development of the New Testament canon, see the article Biblical canon. John 21:1 Jesus Appears to His Disciples--Alessandro Mantovani: the Vatican, Rome. ... Christianity is the current Good Article Collaboration of the week! Please help to improve this article to the highest of standards. ... The Biblical canon is an exclusive list of books written during the formative period of the Jewish or Christian faiths; the leaders of these communities believed these books to be inspired by God or to express the authoritative history of the relationship between God and his people (although there may...

References

• "The Fathers of the Church" - Letter 39 (of Athanasius)
• "Theodore of Mospuestia" from Catholic Encyclopedia
• The Bible from "The Latin Library at Ad Fontes Academy", Prologue (Latin language)