NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Protoporphyrin IX

Protoporphyrins are tetrapyrroles containing the following side chains: A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... PubChem is a database of chemical molecules. ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ... The term Side chain can have different meanings depending on the context: In chemistry and biochemistry a side chain is a part of a molecule attached to a core structure. ...

In the metabolism of porphyrin, "protoporphyrin IX" is created by the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase, and the enzyme ferrochelatase converts it into heme. In chemistry a methyl-group is a hydrophobic Alkyl functional group which is derived from methane (CH4). ... Propionic acid (systematically named propanoic acid) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid with chemical formula CH3CH2COOH. In the pure state, it is a colorless, corrosive liquid with a pungent odor. ... Chemical structure of the vinyl functional group. ... Core porphyrin structure 3D representation A porphyrin is a heterocyclic macrocycle made from 4 pyrrole subunits linked on opposite sides (Î± position) through 4 methine bridges (=CH-). The macrocycle, therefore, is more aromatic than the related corrins, chlorins (2,3-dihydroporphyrin) and bacteriochlorins (2,3,12,13-tetrahydroporphyrin). ... Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1. ... Ferrochelatase is an enzyme involved in the eighth step of porphyrin metabolism, converting protoporphyrin IX into heme. ... Structure of Heme b A heme or haem is a prosthetic group that consists of an iron atom contained in the center of a large heterocyclic organic ring called a porphyrin. ...

Protoporphyrins are deposited in the shells of the eggs of some birds as a brown or red pigment, either as a ground colour or as spotting. This occurs in most passerine species, some ground-nesting non-passerines, such as waders, gulls, nightjars and sandgrouse, where it provides camouflage, and some parasitic cuckoos, which need to mimic their passerine hosts' eggs. In most birds and reptiles, an egg (Latin ovum) is the zygote, resulting from fertilization of the ovum. ... â€œAvesâ€ redirects here. ... Families Many, see text A passerine is a bird of the giant order Passeriformes. ... Families Scolopacidae Rostratulidae Jacanidae Thinocoridae Pedionomidae Burhinidae Chionididae Pluvianellidae Ibidorhynchidae Recurvirostridae Haematopodidae Charadriidae Dunlin (Calidris alpina). ... Look up gull in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Genera Nyctiprogne Podager Lurocalis Chordeiles Nyctidromus Phalaenoptilus Siphonorhis Nyctiphrynus Caprimulgus Macrodipteryx Hydropsalis Uropsalis Macropsalis Eleothreptus Eurostopodus Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. ... Genera Pterocles Syrrhaptes The sandgrouse are a group of 16 near passerine bird species in the order Pteroclidiformes. ... A Common Cuckoo being raised by a Reed Warbler. ... Genera See text. ...

Protoporphyrins strengthen the egg shell, and are deposited where the shell is too thin as a result of calcium shortage. Spotting therefore tend to be heavier where the local soil is calcium-deficient, and in the eggs laid last in a clutch.

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Categories: Biochemistry stubs | Tetrapyrroles Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ... PubChem is a database of chemical molecules. ... Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes and transformations in living organisms. ... Peptides (from the Greek Ï€ÎµÏ€Ï„Î¿Ï‚, digestible), are the family of short molecules formed from the linking, in a defined order, of various Î±-amino acids. ... Phenylalanine is one of the standard amino acids. ... A nucleic acid is a complex, high-molecular-weight biochemical macromolecule composed of nucleotide chains that convey genetic information. ... Lactose is a disaccharide found in milk. ... A polyunsaturated triglyceride. ... Many terpenes are derived from conifer resins, here a pine. ... The orange ring surrounding Grand Prismatic Spring is due to carotenoid molecules, produced by huge mats of algae and bacteria. ... Polypyrrole A Polypyrrole (PPy) is a chemical compound formed from a number of connected pyrrole ring structures. ... A cofactor is any substance that needs to be present in addition to an enzyme to catalyze a certain reaction. ... Steroid skeleton of lanosterol. ... Molecular structure of flavone The term flavonoid refers to a class of plant secondary metabolites based around a phenylbenzopyrone structure. ... Diagram of Ephedrine An alkaloid, strictly speaking, is a naturally-occurring amine produced by a plant,[1] but amines produced by animals and fungi are also called alkaloids. ... Polyketides are secondary metabolites from bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. ... A glycoside is a molecule where a sugar group is bonded through its anomeric carbon to a nonsugar group by either an oxygen or a nitrogen atom. ... Polypyrrole A Polypyrrole (PPy) is a chemical compound formed from a number of connected pyrrole ring structures. ... Bilins are blue or green pigments that consist of a linear arrangement of pyrroles. ... Bilirubin is a yellow breakdown product of heme catabolism. ... Biliverdin is a green pigment formed as a byproduct of hemoglobin breakdown. ... Urobilinogen is a colourless product of bilirubin reduction. ... Urobilin is a yellow breakdown product of haem (heme in American English) catabolism. ... Chlorophyll gives leaves their green color Space-filling model of the chlorophyll molecule Chlorophyll is a green photosynthetic pigment found in most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. ... A corrin is a polyaromatic ring related to the porphyrin ring in hemoglobin, consisting of 4 pyrrole subunits, joined on opposite sides by a C-CH3 methylene link, on one side by a C-H methylene link, and with the two of the pyrroles joined directly. ... Cyanocobalamin is a vitamin commonly known as vitamin B12 (or B12 for short). ... Phycobilins are the chromophores of phycobiliproteins (photosynthetic pigments) found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of red algae, glaucophytes and some cryptomonads (though not in green algae and higher plants). ... Core porphyrin structure 3D representation A porphyrin is a heterocyclic macrocycle made from 4 pyrrole subunits linked on opposite sides (Î± position) through 4 methine bridges (=CH-). The macrocycle, therefore, is more aromatic than the related corrins, chlorins (2,3-dihydroporphyrin) and bacteriochlorins (2,3,12,13-tetrahydroporphyrin). ...