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Provençal (Prouvençau in Provençal language) is one of several dialects of the Romance language Occitan, which is spoken by a minority of people in southern France and other areas of France. The Romance languages, also called Romanic languages, are a subfamily of the Italic languages, specifically the descendants of the Vulgar Latin dialects spoken by the common people evolving in different areas after the break-up of the Roman Empire. ...
Occitan, or langue doc is a Romance language characterized by its richness, variability, and by the intelligibility of its dialects. ...
The French Republic or France (French: République française or France) is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. ...
"Provençal" is often used to refer to all dialects of Occitan, but actually refers specifically to the dialect spoken in the former province of Provence as well as south of Dauphiné and the Nîmes region in Languedoc and the upper valleys of Piedmont, Italy (Val Mairo, Val Varacho, Val d'Esturo, Entraigas, Limoun, Vinai, Pignerol, Sestriero). The kingdom of France was organized into provinces until March 4, 1790, when the establishment of the département system superseded provinces. ...
Provence is a former province and is now a region of southeastern France, located on the Mediterranean Sea adjacent to Frances border with Italy. ...
Dauphiné is a former province in southeastern France, roughly corresponding to the present départements of the Isère, Drôme, and Hautes-Alpes. ...
Location within France Nîmes is a city and commune of southern France, préfecture (capital) of the Gard département. ...
Coat of arms of the province of Languedoc, now being used as an official flag by the Midi-Pyrénees region as well as by the city of Toulouse Languedoc (Lengadòc in Occitan) is a former province of France, now continued in the modern-day régions of Languedoc...
Piedmont is a region of northwestern Italy. ...
The Italian Republic or Italy (Italian: Repubblica Italiana or Italia) is a country in southern Europe. ...
"Provençal" is also the customary name given to the older version of the langue d'oc used by the troubadours of medieval literature, corresponding to Old French of the northern areas of France. For the article about the night club in West Hollywood, California, see: Troubadour (nightclub). ...
The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...
Literature is literally an acquaintance with letters as in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary (from the Latin littera meaning an individual written character (letter)). The term has, however, generally come to identify a collection of texts. ...
Old French is a term sometimes used to refer to the langue doïl, the continuum of varieties of Romance language spoken in territories corresponding roughly to the northern half of modern France and parts of Belgium and Switzerland during the period roughly from 1000 to 1300 A.D...
Also, some secluded areas of Sicily still bear significant traces of Provençal in terms of vocabulary and pronunciation.
Sub-Dialects
Four main sub-dialects are identified. These are: - Rhodanien
- Maritime (Provençal)
- Gavot
- Niçard
A fifth sub-dialect, the Shuadit or Judeo-Provençal is considered as extinct since 1977, the Holocaust being the major cause of its extinction. This article deals with the Nazi Holocaust. ...
Literature Modern Provençal literature was given impetus by Nobel laureate Frédéric Mistral and the association Félibrige he founded with other writers.
Miscellaneous The Provençal language is not to be confused with the Franco-Provençal language, a non-langue d'oc language.
See also There are a number of languages of France, although the French language is by far the most widely spoken and the only official language of the country. ...
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