Pesaro e Urbino (It. Provincia di Pesaro e Urbino) is a province in the Marche region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Pesaro. In Italy, the Province (in Italian: provincia) is an administrative division of an intermediate level, between municipality (comune) and region (regione). ... This article refers to the Italian region. ... Pesaro (in Antiquity, Pisaurum) is a town and comune in the Italian region of the Marche, capital of the Pesaro e Urbino province, 43°55N 12°55E; on the Adriatic, at sea-level. ...
It has an area of 2,892 sq km, and a total population of 351,214 (2001). There are 67 communes in the province (source: Italian institute of statistics Istat, see this link (http://www.upinet.it/indicatore.asp?id_statistiche=6)).
The modest Roman town of Urvinum Mataurense ("the little city on the river Mataurus") became an important strategic stronghold in the Gothic wars of the 6th century, captured in 538 from the Goths by the champion of the Emperor of the East, Belisarius, and frequently mentioned by the Byzantine historian Procopius.
The later history of Urbino is part of the history of the Papal States and, after 1870, of the Kingdom (later Republic) of Italy.
The main attraction of Urbino is the Palazzo Ducale, begun in the second half of the 15th century by Federico II da Montefeltro.
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