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Coordinates: 40°31′N, 21°41′E Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Image File history File links Wikibooks-logo. ... Image File history File links Wikiquote-logo. ... Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Image File history File links Wikiversity-logo-Snorky. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Ptolemaida (Πτολεμαΐδα)
Coordinates	40°31′ N 21°41′ E
Country	Greece
Periphery	West Macedonia
Prefecture	Kozani
Population	36,393 source (2001)
Elevation	600 m
Postal code	502 00
Area code	24630
Licence plate code	ΚΖ
Website	ptolemaida.gr

Ptolemaida (modern Greek Πτολεμαΐδα or Katharevousa Πτολεμαΐς) is a city in Northern Greece. It lies in the prefecture of Kozani, which is part of Western Macedonia. Image File history File links Flag_of_Greece. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Greek_Macedonia. ... Image File history File links RedDot. ... Image File history File links Prefectures_Greece_grey. ... See Cartesian coordinate system or Coordinates (elementary mathematics) for a more elementary introduction to this topic. ... This is an alphabetical list of countries of the world, including independent states (both those that are internationally recognised and generally unrecognised), inhabited dependent territories and areas of special sovereignty. ... The peripheries (περιφέρειες) are the subnational divisions of Greece. ... West Macedonia is one of the thirteen peripheries of Greece, consisting of the western part of Greek Macedonia. ... Greece consists of 13 administrative regions known as Peripheries of Greece, which are further subdivided into 51 prefectures (nomoi, singular - nomos, Greek: νομοί, νομός)): See also List of the prefectures of Greece by area List of the prefectures of Greece by population density List of the prefectures of Greece by population External... Kozani (Greek: Κοζάνη) is one of the prefectures of Greece. ... Basic Definition In geography, the elevation of a geographic location is its height above mean sea level (or some other fixed point). ... The metre, or meter (U.S.), is a measure of length. ... Here are list of postal codes in Greece. ... This is an alphabetical list by town of dialing codes in Greece. ... Greek car number plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (e. ... A website (or Web site) is a collection of web pages, images, videos and other digital assets and hosted on a particular domain or subdomain on the World Wide Web. ... Main article: Greek language Modern Greek (Νέα Ελληνικά or Νεοελληνική, lit. ... Katharevousa (Greek Καθαρεύουσα, IPA: ) is a form of the Greek language, created during the early 19th century by Adamantios Korais (1748-1833). ... Coordinates 40°18′ N 21°47′ E Country Greece Periphery West Macedonia Prefecture Kozani Population 49,812 source (2001) Area 366. ...

It is known for its coal (lignite) mines and its power stations. It was also a cultural centre of the ancient Macedonian state. Coal Coal is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by mining. ... Oil power plant in Iraq A power station or power plant is a facility for the generation of electric power. ... Macedons regions and towns Macedon or Macedonia (from Greek ; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was the name of an ancient kingdom in the northern-most part of ancient Greece, bordering the kingdom of Epirus on the west and the region of Thrace to the east[1...

Name

Ptolemaida :Central Square

• Modern Greek: Πτολεμαΐδα Ptolemaida
• Katharevousa: Πτολεμαΐς Ptolemais
• Turkish: Kayılar, Kaylar, Kayalar, Kailar, Ottoman قایلر (Turkish 'brothers-in-law, referring to the multiple villages constituting the town).
• South Slavic language: Кайляри/Кајлари – Kailari or Кайляр/Кајљар – Kailyar

The original Greek name of the city was Kailaria (Καϊλάρια). The modern name Ptolemaida was introduced by decree on 20 January 1927 following a suggestion by Pantelis Melanofrydis [2]. The name was chosen in honour of Ptolemaeus the Lagos, a soldier (general, bodyguard and schoolmate) of Alexander the Great, a beloved student of Aristotle who became King of Egypt, known as Ptolemy I Soter. His statue stands in the central square of the city. Image File history File links Ptolemeos_agalma_ptolemaida. ... Image File history File links Ptolemeos_agalma_ptolemaida. ... Main article: Greek language Modern Greek (Νέα Ελληνικά or Νεοελληνική, lit. ... Katharevousa (Greek Καθαρεύουσα, IPA: ) is a form of the Greek language, created during the early 19th century by Adamantios Korais (1748-1833). ... Ottoman Turkish (Turkish: or , Ottoman Turkish: ‎ ) was the variant of the Turkish language that was used as the administrative and literary language of the Ottoman Empire. ... This article or section should be merged with List of South Slavic languages South Slavic languages is one of the three groups of Slavic languages (besides West and East Slavic). ... Silver coin depicting Ptolemy I (r. ... Alexander the Great (Greek: ,[1] Megas Alexandros; July 356 BC–June 11, 323 BC), also known as Alexander III, king of Macedon (336–323 BC), was one of the most successful military commanders in history. ... Aristotle (Greek: AristotélÄ“s) (384 BC – March 7, 322 BC) was a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. ...

Location

The city lies in the valley of Eordaia and on the mountain slopes of Askio, to the southwest and Vermio to the northeast. It is located norht of Kozani, east of Kastoria, south of Florina and south-west of Edessa. Since the 1960s, GR-3/E65 bypasses it to the east. It is the seat of the province of Eordea. Eordea (Greek: Εορδαία), rarely Eordaia, Latin: Eordaia is a province in the northern Greece. ... Askio (Άσκιο) is a municipality in the Kozani Prefecture, Greece. ... // THE MUNICIPALITY OF VERMIO, Western Macedonia, Greece Total population: 3483 permanent inhabitants(2001) About the municipality: The municipality of Vermio consists of four municipal departments; Komnina which is the largest and the seat of Vermios town hall, Anatoliko, Pyrghi and Mesovouno. ... Kozani (Greek: Κοζάνη) is a city in northern Greece, capital of Kozani Prefecture. ... Kastoria (Greek: Καστοριά) is a city in northern Greece. ... Flórina (Greek: Macedonian: ), is a town in West Macedonia, Greece. ... Coordinates 40°48′ N 22°3′ E Country Greece Periphery Central Macedonia Prefecture Pella Population 25,619 source (2001) Area 321. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... Greece National Road 3 is a highway that is the old national road from Eleusis to Larissa, and near Tyrnavos to Elassonas and the new national road up to the border with the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia near Niki and links with the M3. ... European route E65 is a road part of the International E-road network. ... Eordea (Greek: Εορδαία), rarely Eordaia, Latin: Eordaia is a province in the northern Greece. ...

The city is in the valley and the mountains of Askio to the southwest and Vermio to the northeast. It is located N of Kozani, E of Kastoria, S of Florina and SW of Edessa. Since the 1960s or the 1970s, GR-3/E65 bypassed it to the east. Askio (Άσκιο) is a municipality in the Kozani Prefecture, Greece. ... // THE MUNICIPALITY OF VERMIO, Western Macedonia, Greece Total population: 3483 permanent inhabitants(2001) About the municipality: The municipality of Vermio consists of four municipal departments; Komnina which is the largest and the seat of Vermios town hall, Anatoliko, Pyrghi and Mesovouno. ... Kozani (Greek: Κοζάνη) is a city in northern Greece, capital of Kozani Prefecture. ... Kastoria (Greek: Καστοριά) is a city in northern Greece. ... Flórina (Greek: Macedonian: ), is a town in West Macedonia, Greece. ... Coordinates 40°48′ N 22°3′ E Country Greece Periphery Central Macedonia Prefecture Pella Population 25,619 source (2001) Area 321. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... Greece Interstate 3 is a highway that is the old national road from Eleusis to Larissa, and near Tyrnavos to Elassonas and the new national road up to the FYROM border near Niki. ... E65 is a name of a BMW car platform: BMW E65/E66 a European road: European route E65 This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ...

History

According to archaeologists, the Ptolemaida region has been occupied since 6000 BCE.^[1]

Neolithic times

Archaeologists, in November of 2005, discovered the remains of two farming villages dating back to the Neolithic period. A press report notes that such farming villages were trading centres and had a "developed knowledge of metalworking".^[1] An array of Neolithic artifacts, including bracelets, axe heads, chisels, and polishing tools. ...

Ancient period

Ancient Macedonian Grave in Ptolemaida

Image File history File links Ancient_Makedonian_Grave_in_Ptolemaida. ... Image File history File links Ancient_Makedonian_Grave_in_Ptolemaida. ... The Vergina Sun, a symbol associated with the Macedonian kingdom Macedon or Macedonia (from Greek ; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was the name of an ancient kingdom located in the northern-most part of ancient Greece, bordering the kingdom of Epirus on the west and the region...

Roman period

Byzantine period

Main article: Empire of Nicaea

Main article: Despotate of Epirus

Byzantian Emperors took place the first Turkish nobel, sober, self dsiplinied kai tribe emigrants from asia minor to Kailar to constract area with such as stone bridges as before they did make the world longest stone bridge in Uzunköprü and to protect them against latin empire,mongols,bulgarians and other enemies in around the Vardar river.see link The Empire of Nicaea was the largest of the states founded by refugees from the Byzantine Empire after Constantinople was conquered during the Fourth Crusade. ... The Despotate of Epirus was one of the medieval Greek successor states of the Byzantine Empire, founded in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade in 1204. ... Look up Nobel in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... In mathematics, particularly in topology, a topological space X is sober if every irreducible closed subset of X is the closure of exactly one singleton of X. An irreducible closed subset of X is defined to be a nonempty closed subset of X which is not the union of two... The Kai tribe (tr:Kayı boyu) are a Turkic people and a sub branch of the Bozok tribe (Bozok kolu). ... Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to... Uzunköprü is a city in Edirne Province, northwestern Turkey. ... The Latin Empire, Empire of Nicaea, Empire of Trebizond and the Despotate of Epirus. ...

Latin period

Main article: Kingdom of Thessalonica

The Latin Empire, Empire of Nicaea, Empire of Trebizond, and the Despotate of Epirus. The borders are very uncertain.

In 1204, Byzantine emperor Alexius V Ducas Murtzouphlos fled Constantinople after French crusaders invaded the city. The Latin Empire, which was established by the Crusaders in Constantinople, had poor control over former Byzantine territory and Ptolemida, and Byzantine successor states sprang up in Epirus and Trebizond as well as Nicaea. In 1224 the Latin Kingdom of Thessalonica was captured by the Despot of Epirus, but Epirus itself came under Bulgarian control in 1230. With Trebizond lacking any real power, Nicaea was the only Byzantine state left, and John III expanded his territory into the Aegean Sea. In 1235 he allied with Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria, allowing him to extend his influence over Thessalonica and Epirus. In 1242 the Mongols invaded Seljuk territory to the east of Nicaea, and although John III was worried they might attack him next, they ended up eliminating the Seljuk threat to Nicaea. In 1245 John allied with the Roman Empire by marrying Constance Anna, daughter of Frederick II. By 1248 John had defeated the Bulgarians and surrounded the Latin Empire. He continued to take land from the Latins until his death in 1254. The Kingdom of Thessalonica was a short-lived Crusader State founded after the Fourth Crusade over the conquered Greek lands. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The Latin Empire, Empire of Nicaea, Empire of Trebizond and the Despotate of Epirus. ... The Empire of Trebizond and other states carved from the Byzantine Empire, as they were in 1265 (William R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas, 1911) The Empire of Trebizond (Greek: Βασίλειον τῆς Τραπεζούντας) was a Byzantine Greek successor state of the Byzantine Empire founded in 1204 as a result of the capture of Constantinople by... The Despotate of Epirus was one of the medieval Greek successor states of the Byzantine Empire, founded in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade in 1204. ... This is a list of Byzantine Emperors. ... Alexius V Ducas Murtzouphlos (d. ... Map of Constantinople. ... The Latin Empire, Empire of Nicaea, Empire of Trebizond and the Despotate of Epirus. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Succession of states. ... The Despotate of Epirus was one of the medieval Greek successor states of the Byzantine Empire, founded in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade in 1204. ... The Empire of Trebizond and other states carved from the Byzantine Empire, as they were in 1265 (William R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas, 1911) The Empire of Trebizond (Greek: Βασίλειον τῆς Τραπεζούντας) was a Byzantine Greek successor state of the Byzantine Empire founded in 1204 as a result of the capture of Constantinople by... The Kingdom of Thessalonica was a short-lived Crusader State founded after the Fourth Crusade over the conquered Greek lands. ... Iznik (formerly Nicaea) is a city in Anatolia (now part of Turkey) which is known primarily as the site of two major meetings (or Ecumenical councils) in the early history of the Christian church. ... Ivan Asen II (Ioan Asen II) (1218–1241), tsar of Bulgaria, was the son of Kaloyan, founder of the Second Bulgarian Empire. ... Epirus (Greek Ήπειρος, Ípeiros; see also List of traditional Greek place names), is a province or periphery in northwestern Greece, bounded by West Macedonia and Thessaly to the east, by the province of Sterea Ellada (Central Greece) to the south, the Ionian Sea and the Ionian Islands to the west and... The name Mongols (Mongolian: Mongol) specifies one or several ethnic groups. ... Seljuk (in Arabic SaljÅ«q; in Turkish Selçuk; also Seldjuk, Seldjuq, Seljuq) was the bey (chieftain) of a branch of Oghuz Turks known as the Seljuk Turks. ... John III was the name of a number of rulers: Pope John III John III of Constantinople John III Ducas Vatatzes John III of Poland John III of Portugal John III of Sweden John III, Duke of Brabant John III, Duke of Brittany This is a disambiguation page — a navigational... Motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) The Roman Empire at its greatest extent, c. ... Frederick II (December 26, 1194 – December 13, 1250), of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was a pretender to the title of King of the Romans from 1212 and unopposed holder of that monarchy from 1215. ...

Theodore II Lascaris, John III’s son, faced invasions from the Bulgarians in Thrace, but successfully defended the territory. Epirus also revolted and allied with Manfred of Sicily, and Theodore II died in 1258. John IV Lascaris succeeded him, but as he was still a child he was under the regency of the general Michael Palaeologus. Michael proclaimed himself co-emperor (as Michael VIII) in 1259, and soon defeated a combined invasion by Manfred, the Despot of Epirus, and the Latin Prince of Achaea at the Battle of Pelagonia. Theodore II Lascaris (died August 1258) was Byzantine emperor, in exile in the Empire of Nicaea, from 1254 to 1258. ... Epirus (Greek Ήπειρος, Ípeiros; see also List of traditional Greek place names), is a province or periphery in northwestern Greece, bounded by West Macedonia and Thessaly to the east, by the province of Sterea Ellada (Central Greece) to the south, the Ionian Sea and the Ionian Islands to the west and... The name Theodore II can refer to: Pope Theodore II Byzantine Emperor Theodore II Laskaris Tewodros II of Ethiopia, Theodore II, Emperor of Ethiopia from 1855 to 1868 This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Michael VIII (1225 - December 11, 1282) was the founder of the Palaeologos dynasty that would rule the Byzantine Empire to the Fall of Constantinople in 1453. ... The Battle of Pelagonia took place in September of 1259, between the Empire of Nicaea and the Principality of Achaea. ...

Ottoman period

Sultan Selim II's firman for Kailar

This time was the longest peace time for Balkans's history and especially Kailar's history. So that this time was called Pax Ottomana for six hundred years. Image File history File links Ferman_iki_sayfa. ... Image File history File links Ferman_iki_sayfa. ... Selim II Selim II (May 28, 1524 – December 12, 1574) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1566 until his death. ... Firman refers to a royal mandate or decree issued from a sovereign in Western Asian countries such as Iran under the Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi or the Ottoman rulers. ... Pax Ottomana, the Ottoman Peace is a phrase used to describe the relative stability attained on the lands taken over by the Ottoman Empire. ...

During the Ottoman times, Kailar had two parts: Ashai Kayılar and Ukarı Kayılar. Asai Kayılar was Bektashi and Ukari Kailar was Rufai,hanefi(naturalist) The Bektashi order (Turkish: BektaÅŸi) is a syncretic religious order related to Shia Alevi faith, and is generally considered to be a Shia Sufi sect (Tarika). ... The rüfai are a dervish group, well-known for their performances. ...

The first Turkish immigration from Asia Minor to Kailar took place under the Byzantine emperors before the conquest of the country by Turks.^[2] These immigrants were from the Kai tribe. Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to... Ptolemaida (modern Greek Πτολεμαΐδα or ancient Greek Πτολεμαΐς) is a city in Northern Greece. ... This is a list of Byzantine Emperors. ... The Kai tribe (tr:Kayı boyu) are a Turkic people and a sub branch of the Bozok tribe (Bozok kolu). ...

Before 1360, large numbers of nomad shepherds, or Yuruks, from the district of Konia, in Asia Minor, had settled in Kailar; their descendants were known as Konariotes. Further immigration from this region took place from time to time up to the middle of the 18th century. After the establishment of the feudal system in 1397, many of the Seljuk noble families came over from Asia Minor; their descendants may be recognized among the Beys or Muslim landowners in Kailar. At the beginning of the 18th century, the Turkish population was quite considerable, but since that time it has continuously decreased. A low birth rate, the exhaustion of the male population by military service, and a large mortality from epidemics have brought about a decline which has lately been hastened by emigration. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... In a draw in a mountainous region, a shepherd guides a flock of about 20 sheep amidst scrub and olive trees. ... Main areas inhabited by Yörük tribes in Anatolia The Yörük are a Turkic-speaking people primarily inhabiting the mountains of the southeast European Balkan peninsula and Anatolia. ... Konya (also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically known as Iconium) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ... Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to... ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Feudalism comes from the Late Latin word feudum, itself borrowed from a Germanic root *fehu, a commonly used term in the Middle Ages which means fief, or land held under certain obligations by feodati. ... System (from Latin systÄ“ma, in turn from Greek sustÄ“ma) is a set of entities, real or abstract, comprising a whole where each component interacts with or is related to at least one other component. ... Events February 10 - John Beaufort becomes Earl of Somerset. ... The Seljuqs (also Seldjuk, Seldjuq, Seljuk, sometimes also Seljuq Turks; in modern Turkish Selçuklular; in Persian سلجوقيان SaljÅ«qiyān; in Arabic سلجوق SaljÅ«q, or السلاجقة al-Salājiqa) were a dynasty that ruled parts of Central Asia and the Middle East from the 11th to 14th centuries. ... Look up Noble in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Noble can refer to: Nobility, a hereditary caste Nobel Prize, awarded to people who have made outstanding contributions to society Noble gas, chemical elements in group 18 (old-style Group 0) of the periodic table Noble metal, metals that are resistant to... Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to... Categories: Stub | Ottoman Empire | Titles ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Landowner or Landholder is a holder of the estate in land with considerable rights of ownership or, simply put, an owner of land. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Military service is service in an army or other military organisation, whether as a chosen job or as a result of an involuntary draft (conscription). ... In epidemiology, an epidemic (from [[Latin language] epi- upon + demos people) is a disease that appears as new cases in a given human population, during a given period, at a rate that substantially exceeds what is expected, based on recent experience (the number of new cases in the population during... A memorial statue in Hanko, Finland, commemorating the thousands of emigrants who left the country to start a new life in the United States Emigration is the act of nolan muir the phenomenon of leaving ones native country to settle abroad. ...

The Turkish rural population around Kailar was mainly composed of Konariot shepherds. The Greek and Vlach populations were not always easily distinguished, as a considerable proportion of the Vlachs have been hellenized. Both show a remarkable aptitude for commerce; the Greeks maintained their language and religion, and the Vlachs their religion, with greater tenacity than any of the other ethnic groups. From the date of the Ottoman conquest until comparatively recent times, the Greeks occupied an exceptional position in Macedonia, like elsewhere in the Ottoman Empire, owing to the privileges conferred on the patriarchate of Constantinople, and the influence subsequently acquired by the great Phanariot families. All the Christian population belonged to the Greek millet and called itself Greek; the bishops and higher clergy were exclusively Greek; Greek was the language of the upper classes, of commerce, literature and religion, and Greek alone was taught in schools. The supremacy of the patriarchate was consummated by the suppression of the autocephalous Slavonic churches of Ipek in 1766 and Ohrid in 1767. In the latter half of the 18th century, Greek ascendancy in Macedonia was at its zenith; its decline began with the War of Independence, the establishment of the Hellenic Kingdom, and the extinction of the Phanariot power in Constantinople. The patriarchate, nevertheless, maintained its exclusive jurisdiction over all the Orthodox population till 1870, when the Bulgarian exarchate was established, and the Greek clergy continued to labour with undiminished zeal for the spread of Hellenism. The process of hellenization made greater progress in the towns than in the rural districts of the interior, where part of the non-Hellenic populations preserved their languages. Tomb of Mevlana Rumi is a popular attraction of Konya. ... Vlachs (also called Wlachs, Wallachs, Olahs) are the Romanized population in Central and Eastern Europe, including Romanians, Aromanians, Istro-Romanians and Megleno-Romanians, but since the creation of the Romanian state, this term was mostly used for the Vlachs living south of the Danube river. ... Look up Ottoman, ottoman in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Motto: دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem: Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital Söğüt (1299-1326) Bursa (1326-1365) Edirne (1365-1453) Constantinople (Istanbul) (1453-1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish Government Monarchy Sultans  - 1281–1326 Osman I  - 1918–1922 Mehmed VI... A privilege is an honour, or permissive activity granted by another person or even a government. ... A patriarchate is the office or jurisdiction of a patriarch. ... Map of Constantinople. ... Phanariotes (from Phanar, the chief Greek quarter at Istambul, where the oecumenical patriarchate is situated) were those members of families resident in the Phanar quarter who between the years 1711 and 1821 were appointed voivodes of the Danubian principalities (Moldavia and Wallachia). ... Diocesan College, or Bishops as it is commonly known, is a private school situated in the leafy suburb of Rondebosch in Cape Town, South Africa, at the foot of Table Mountain. ... Supremacism is the belief that self-determination and freedom of association are principles less important than the virtues obtained by ones race, religion, belief system or culture ruling over others. ... In hierarchical Christian churches, especially Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches, autocephaly is the status of a hierarchical church whose head bishop does not report to any higher-ranking bishop. ... Peć (Albanian: Pejë / Peja; Serbian: Пећ / Peć) is a city located in the western part of Kosovo, a Serbian province under United Nations-administration. ... 1766 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... City motto : Coordinates Municipality : Ohrid municipality Elevation 695 m Population 55 749 Time zone  - Standard  - Summer (DST) CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) Founded Area code +389 046 Postal code 6000 Car plates OH Official Website www. ... 1767 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... In broad terms, the zenith is the direction pointing directly above a particular location (perpendicular, orthogonal). ... The term War of Independence is generally used to describe a war occurring over a territory that has declared independence. ... In the Byzantine Empire, an exarch was a proconsul or viceroy who governed a province at some remove from the central authorities, the Emperor and the Patriarch of Constantinople. ... Clergy is the generic term used to describe the formal religious leadership within a given religion. ... Hellenisation (or Hellenization) is a term used to describe a cultural change in which something non-Greek becomes Greek (Hellenic). ... Hellenisation (or Hellenization) is a term used to describe a cultural change in which something non-Greek becomes Greek (Hellenic). ...

"The typical Greek, with his superior education, his love of politics and commerce, and his distaste for laborious occupations, has always been a dweller in cities."see link Many important greek and turkish newspapers had been published freely in Ottoman times. The name of greek newspaper was Eparhiaki Foni.[3] Eparhiaki Foni was a Greek newspaper in Kailar in Rumelia in Ottoman times. ...

Balkan wars

Kailar was liberated by Greek forces on October 15, 1912. A large part of the population escaped into the mountains. Their houses were burned and destroyed by Greek soldiers during the war. Most well-educated intellectuals of Kailar were killed while in Atin Exile, although some of them, such as Cevdet Hodja, could escape. During the Balkan wars, many Turkish civilians were killed, especially hafids and hodjas. With the population exchange, all less educated men as well as the woman and children were forced to leave and to settle in Turkey.^[3] October 15 is the 288th day of the year (289th in leap years). ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Cartoon depicting a Turk and a Greek arguing over the exchange. ...

Civil war

Modern times

Culture

Prehistoric pendant

Ptolemaida's culture has a long history. In addition to the Neolithic archaeological sites, a golden necklace dating to roughly 4500 BCE was discovered by a resident on February 16, 2006.^[1] Image File history File links Prehistoric_pendant. ... Image File history File links Prehistoric_pendant. ... February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

Associated Press reporter Costas Kantouris describes the item as a "flat, roughly ring-shaped [which] probably had religious significance and would have been worn on a necklace by a prominent member of society."^[1] The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ...

Ptolemaida's football club is called "Eordaikos" (Greek: Εορδαϊκός). Other teams include AE Ptolemaidas. Eordaikos (in Greek Εορδαϊκός) was the historical football club of Ptolemaida city (Prefecture of Kozani-Greece). ...

Ptolemaida has schools, lyceums, gymnasia, churches, banks, a post office, a train station (Kozani - Florina), a police station, a water tower, and squares (plateies). There is the potential of a university being established by the state in the near future, which will raise the standard of life in Ptolemaida. A lyceum can be an educational institution (often a school of secondary education in Europe), or a public hall used for cultural events like concerts. ... A gymnasium (pronounced with or, in Swedish, as opposed to ) is a type of school providing secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English Grammar Schools and U.S. High Schools. ... Coordinates 40°18′ N 21°47′ E Country Greece Periphery West Macedonia Prefecture Kozani Population 49,812 source (2001) Area 366. ... Flórina (Greek: Macedonian: ), is a town in West Macedonia, Greece. ... Plateia (πλατεία) is the Greek word for town square. ...

Economy

Ptolemaida is considered a highly industrialized area. There are 4 power plants in this area producing 70% of Greece's electrical power. In its subsoil, there are huge amounts of lignite which is the raw material for the power plants. The plants are owned by the Public Power Corporation (DEI) , who is the major employer in the city. The plant was first tested by the prime minister of Greece at that time, Constantine Karamanlis. The other two are in Amyntaio in Florina and in Agios Dimitrios. A power station (also power plant) is a facility for the generation of electric power. ... Coal Coal is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by mining. ... The Public Power Corporation or DEI (ΔΕΗ, Δημόσιας Επιχείρησης Ηλεκτρισμού/Dimosia Epicheirisi Ilektrismou) is a Greek government-owned hydro and energy company which serves electricity and power for all of Greece. ... Konstantinos Karamanlis Konstantinos Karamanlis (Κωνσταντίνος Καραμανλής in Greek; March 8, 1907 – April 23, 1998) was a towering figure of Greek politics. ... Amyntaio (Αμύνταιο) is a municipality in the Florina Prefecture, Greece. ... Florina (Greek Φλώρινα) ( Macedonian / Slavonic Лерин / Lerin) is one of the fifty-one prefectures of Greece. ...

Demographics

Panorama of the city

The current Municipality of Ptolemaida is constituted by the city of Ptolemaida and 12 small communities which all together cover an extent of 2.179 square kilometres. At the 2001 census, the population of the city was 30,017 residents. The total population of the municipality in 1991 was 32,775 residents. However, it is likely that these elements underestimate the real population because of the tendency of certain residents to be recorded at the national censi in their home village. Image File history File links Ptolemaida_panorama. ... Image File history File links Ptolemaida_panorama. ... 1870 US Census for New York City A census is the process of obtaining information about every member of a population (not necessarily a human population). ...

Thus, the real Population of Ptolemaida is around 50.000

1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Ethnic groups

A substantial proportion of Ptolemaida's residents are Pontic Greek from Sourmene or Sürmene, Turkey^{[citation needed]} or their descendants. These were refugees from Asia Minor who first arrived in Macedonia during the 1920s as a result of the population exchange according to the Treaty of Lausanne. These replaced the Turkish population in the area in much larger numbers, resulting in the doubling of the general population.^{[citation needed]} Traditional rural Pontic house The term Pontic Greeks, Pontian Greeks, Pontians or Greeks of Pontus (Greek: Πόντιοι, Ποντιακοί or Έλληνες του Πόντου, Turkish: Pontus Rumları) can refer to Greeks specifically from the area of Pontus in the region of the former Empire of Trebizond on the Black Sea coast of Eastern Turkey, or in other... This page may meet Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to... Cartoon depicting a Turk and a Greek arguing over the exchange. ... Borders as shaped by the treaty The Treaty of Lausanne (July 24, 1923) was a peace treaty that settle a part of the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire that reflected the consequences of the Turkish Independence War between Allies of World War I and Turkish national movement, (Grand National Assembly...

Another major ethnic group in the city are Greek Vlachs.^{[citation needed]} This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Famous people

• Pantelis Kapetanos

Pantelis Kapetanos is a Greek football player currently playing for AEK Athens FC. Categories: | | | ...

External links

• Ptolemaida news
• http://hellas.teipir.gr/Thesis/Eordaia/english/Ptolemaida.htm
• Mapquest - Ptolemaida, street map not yet available
• Coordinates: 40°30′40″N, 21°40′41″E

See also

• List of communities of Kozani
• Karafere war
• Gianittsa war
• Kumanova war
• Lozan

List of settlements in the Kozani Prefecture. ...

Notes and references

This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. Encyclopædia Britannica, the 11th edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...